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Epidote

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored in memory of Laszlo Z. Valachi
01546130017271922619787.jpg
Epidote

Alchuri alpine-type clefts, Alchuri, Shigar Valley, Shigar District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
00533050017271922651699.jpg
Epidote

Green Monster Mountain, Prince of Wales Island, Ketchikan Mining District, Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area, Alaska, USA
04293040017271922672251.jpg
Epidote

Knappenwand, Knappenwand area, Neukirchen am Großvenediger, Zell am See District, Salzburg, Austria
01546130017271922619787.jpg
Epidote

Alchuri alpine-type clefts, Alchuri, Shigar Valley, Shigar District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
00533050017271922651699.jpg
Epidote

Green Monster Mountain, Prince of Wales Island, Ketchikan Mining District, Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area, Alaska, USA
04293040017271922672251.jpg
Epidote

Knappenwand, Knappenwand area, Neukirchen am Großvenediger, Zell am See District, Salzburg, Austria
01546130017271922619787.jpg
Epidote

Alchuri alpine-type clefts, Alchuri, Shigar Valley, Shigar District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
05505820017271922713363.jpg
Epidote

Green Monster Mountain, Prince of Wales Island, Ketchikan Mining District, Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area, Alaska, USA
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About EpidoteHide

Formula:
(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Colour:
Yellowish-green, green, brownish-green, black
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
6
Specific Gravity:
3.38 - 3.49
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in 1801 by Rene Just Haüy from the Greek επιδοσιζ ("epidosis"), meaning "increase", in allusion to the crystal characteristic of one longer side at the base of the prism.
Member of the Clinozoisite Group of the Epidote Supergroup.
Clinozoisite-Epidote Series. The Al2Fe3+ analogue of Clinozoisite.
Piemontite-Epidote Series. The Al2Fe3+ analogue of Piemontite.

Visit gemdat.org for gemological information about Epidote.



Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
1389
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1389:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
ad7fdfab-07df-483c-a51d-c515b0234bcd

IMA Classification of EpidoteHide

IMA status:
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ca2(Al2Fe3+)[Si2O7][SiO4]O(OH)

Classification of EpidoteHide

Strunz-mindat (2025):
9.BG.05a

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
G : Sorosilicates with mixed SiO4 and Si2O7 groups; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Dana 8th ed.:
58.2.1a.7

58 : SOROSILICATES Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups
2 : Insular, Mixed, Single, and Larger Tetrahedral Groups with cations in [6] and higher coordination; single and double groups (n = 1, 2)
Hey's CIM Ref.:
16.21.2

16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
21 : Aluminosilicates of Fe and Ca

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
EpIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
EpKretz (1983)Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
EpSiivolam & Schmid (2007)Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
EpWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
EpThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download
EpWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Pronunciation of EpidoteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of EpidoteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque
Colour:
Yellowish-green, green, brownish-green, black
Streak:
Colourless
Hardness:
6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}, imperfect on {100}
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.38 - 3.49 g/cm3 (Measured)    3.43(3) g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of EpidoteHide

Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.715 - 1.751 nβ = 1.725 - 1.784 nγ = 1.734 - 1.797
2V:
Measured: 90° to 116°, Calculated: 62° to 84°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.019 - 0.046
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Dispersion:
strong r > v
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X= colourless, pale yellow, pale green
Y= greenish yellow
Z= yellowish green

Chemistry of EpidoteHide

Mindat Formula:
(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Elements listed:
Al, Ca, Fe, H, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry
Common Impurities:
Al,Mg,Mn

Crystallography of EpidoteHide

Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
P21/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.8877(14) Å, b = 5.6275(8) Å, c = 10.1517(12) Å
β = 115.383(14)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.579 : 1 : 1.804
Unit Cell V:
458.73 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals prismatic to 35 cm, also stubby, rarely tabular or pseudo-octahedral. Fibrous, coarse to finely granular, massive. Prismatic crystals may show a pseudo-hexagonal cross-section.
Twinning:
On {100}, contact, lamellar, common.

Crystallographic forms of EpidoteHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Epidote no.9 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Epidote no.94 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000041EpidoteIto T (1947) The structure of epidote (HCa2(Al,Fe)Al2Si3O13) American Mineralogist 32 309-32119470293
0000226EpidoteDollase W A (1971) Refinement of the crystal structures of epidote, allanite and hancockite American Mineralogist 56 447-46419710293
0000229EpidoteDollase W A (1971) Refinement of the crystal structures of epidote, allanite and hancockite American Mineralogist 56 447-46419710293
0000308EpidoteGabe E J, Portheine J C, Whitlow S H (1973) A reinvestigation of the epidote structure: Confirmation of the iron location sample HEP American Mineralogist 58 218-22319730293
0000309EpidoteGabe E J, Portheine J C, Whitlow S H (1973) A reinvestigation of the epidote structure: Confirmation of the iron location sample LEP American Mineralogist 58 218-22319730293
0002248EpidoteGiuli G, Bonazzi P, Menchetti S (1999) Al-Fe disorder in synthetic epidotes: A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study American Mineralogist 84 933-93619990293
0016949EpidoteNagashima M, Akasada M (2010) X-ray Rietveld and 57Fe Mossbauer studies of epidote and piemontite on the join Ca2Al2FeSi3O12(OH) - Ca2Al2MnSi3O12(OH) formed by hydrothermal synthesis American Mineralogist 95 1237-12462010synthetic0293
0016950EpidoteNagashima M, Akasada M (2010) X-ray Rietveld and 57Fe Mossbauer studies of epidote and piemontite on the join Ca2Al2FeSi3O12(OH) - Ca2Al2MnSi3O12(OH) formed by hydrothermal synthesis American Mineralogist 95 1237-12462010synthetic0293
0016951EpidoteNagashima M, Akasada M (2010) X-ray Rietveld and 57Fe Mossbauer studies of epidote and piemontite on the join Ca2Al2FeSi3O12(OH) - Ca2Al2MnSi3O12(OH) formed by hydrothermal synthesis American Mineralogist 95 1237-12462010synthetic0293
0016952EpidoteNagashima M, Akasada M (2010) X-ray Rietveld and 57Fe Mossbauer studies of epidote and piemontite on the join Ca2Al2FeSi3O12(OH) - Ca2Al2MnSi3O12(OH) formed by hydrothermal synthesis American Mineralogist 95 1237-12462010synthetic0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
2.900 Å(100)
2.679 Å(100)
2.688 Å(70)
4.02 Å(50)
2.599 Å(50)
2.460 Å(50)
3.40 Å(40)
Comments:
Bourg d'Oisans, France.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere>4.45
16 : Low-𝑇 aqueous alteration of Hadean subaerial lithologies (see also #23)
Near-surface Processes
22 : Hydration and low-𝑇 subsurface aqueous alteration (see also #23)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
31 : Thermally altered carbonate, phosphate, and iron formations
Stage 5: Initiation of plate tectonics<3.5-2.5
39 : High-𝑃 metamorphism (blueschist, eclogite, ultrahigh 𝑃 facies)
40 : Regional metamorphism (greenschist, amphibolite, granulite facies)
43 : Shear-induced minerals (including mylonite/slickensides)
Geological Setting:
Regional and contact metamorphic rocks. Saussuritisation (alteration of plagioclase).

Type Occurrence of EpidoteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Le Bourg-d'Oisans, Grenoble, Isère, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Muséum Nationale d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, numbers H3408 and H3445 (cotype).

Synonyms of EpidoteHide

Other Language Names for EpidoteHide

Varieties of EpidoteHide

Allanite-EpidoteEpidote enriched with REE and Y transitive to allanite-(Ce) or -(Y). Its REE+Y content is below 0.5 apfu. Sometimes such epidotes are selectively enriched in Eu (as at the Tsakhirin Khuduk deposit in Mongolian Altai).
Beryllium-bearing EpidoteA beryllium-bearing variety of epidote.
Bucklandite (of Hermann)Morphological variety of dipyramidal Epidote. It is usually dark-colored, REE-bearing, transitive to Allanite-(Ce). The first description of the variety was made by Hermann in 1833 from Akhmatovskaya Kop' (Southern Urals).

See also Bucklandite (of Lévy)...
RosstrevoriteA fibrous stellate variety of epidote, from Rosstrevor, Co. Down, Ireland (Greg and Lettsom, 1858).
TawmawiteA Cr-bearing epidote.

Originally reported from Tawmaw (Tawhmaw; Taw Maw), Myitkyina-Mogaung District, Kachin State, Myanmar (Burma).
WithamiteA Mn-rich variety of epidote.

Originally reported from Glen Coe, Strathclyde (Argyllshire), Scotland, UK.

May be confused with pinkish varieties of clinozoisite and zoisite ("thulite").
YttroepidoteYttrium-bearing epidote with a Y+REE content below 0.5 apfu. Transitive to allanite-(Y).
First described from Slyudorudnik, Southern Urals, in 1959.

Relationship of Epidote to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Epidote Group > Epidote Supergroup
Other Members of this group:
Clinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Epidote-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Hancockite(CaPb)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Heflikite(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Mukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon.
Niigataite(CaSr)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Piemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Piemontite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Piemontite-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Tweddillite(CaSr)(Mn3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
Unnamed (Fe3+ analogue of Piemontite-(Pb))(CaPb)(Fe3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Unnamed (Fe3+-analogue of Piemontite)(CaCa)(Fe3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Unnamed (Fe3+-analogue of Piemontite-(Sr))(CaSr)(Fe3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Unnamed (Ga-analogue of Epidote)(CaCa)(AlAlGa3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
Forms a series with:
ClinozoisiteClinozoisite-Epidote Series
PiemontitePiemontite-Epidote Series

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
2,351 photos of Epidote associated with QuartzSiO2
1,310 photos of Epidote associated with PrehniteCa2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
650 photos of Epidote associated with CalciteCaCO3
483 photos of Epidote associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
361 photos of Epidote associated with AndraditeCa3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
323 photos of Epidote associated with ByssoliteAX2Z5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2
287 photos of Epidote associated with CopperCu
285 photos of Epidote associated with DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
271 photos of Epidote associated with MagnetiteFe2+Fe3+2O4
247 photos of Epidote associated with TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.BG.AlumovesuvianiteCa19AlAl4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.Alnaperbøeite-(Ce)Ca(Ce2.5Na0.5)(AlAl2Al)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.Zilbermintsite-(La)(CaLa5)(Fe3+Al3Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.Vielleaureite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(MgAlMn2+)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.Heflikite(CaCa)(AlAlSc)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.MagnesiovesuvianiteCa19MgAl4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.Zoisite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.BG.Shuiskite-(Cr)Ca2Cr3+Cr3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BG.05Dissakisite-(La)(CaLa)(AlAlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Manganiandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bDissakisite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Sm)(CaSm)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aHancockite(CaPb)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Dollaseite-(Ce)(CaCe)(MgAlMg)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05a vUnnamed (Ga-analogue of Epidote)(CaCa)(AlAlGa3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05aClinozoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05aEpidote-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Vanadoandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(V3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bVanadoallanite-(La)(CaLa)(V3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bUnnamed (Mg-analogue of Ferriallanite-(Ce))(CaCe)(Fe3+AlMg)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(La)(CaLa)(Fe3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Uedaite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Tweddillite(CaSr)(Mn3+AlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bÅskagenite-(Nd)(Mn2+Nd)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4]OMon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Piemontite-(Pb)(CaPb)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(La)(CaLa)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Y)(CaY)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon.
9.BG.05aPiemontite(CaCa)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bManganiandrosite-(La)(Mn2+La)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Khristovite-(Ce)(CaCe)(MgAlMn2+)F[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriakasakaite-(La)(CaLa)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Ferriandrosite-(La)(Mn2+La)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Androsite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(AlAlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05Ferriandrosite-(Ce)(Mn2+Ce)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriallanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(Fe3+AlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bUnnamed (Mn3+-analogue of Ferriakasakaite-(Ce))(CaCe)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.5bVanadoakasakaite-(Ce)CaCe(V3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Piemontite-(Sr)(CaSr)(AlAlMn3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05Niigataite(CaSr)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bFerriakasakaite-(Ce)(CaCe)(Fe3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bAllanite-(Nd)(CaNd)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.05bUM1989-32-SiO:AlCaFeHREE(Ca0.5◻0.5REE)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
9.BG.05aMukhinite(CaCa)(AlAlV3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon.
9.BG.05bManganiakasakaite-(La)(CaLa)(Mn3+AlMn2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.10Zoisite(CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
9.BG.15MacfalliteCa2Mn3+3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.15SursassiteMn2+2Al3(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Al)Ca2AlAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20Shuiskite-(Mg)Ca2MgCr3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20OkhotskiteCa2Mn2+Mn3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Mg)Ca2MgFe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon.
9.BG.20PoppiiteCa2V3+V3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BG.20Julgoldite-(Fe3+)Ca2Fe3+Fe3+2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon.
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe2+)Ca2Fe2+Al2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Fe3+)Ca2Fe3+Al2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2OMon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mg)Ca2MgAl2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.20Pumpellyite-(Mn2+)Ca2Mn2+Al2[Si2O6OH][SiO4](OH)2(OH)Mon. 2/m
9.BG.25GanomalitePb9Ca5Mn(Si2O7)4(SiO4)OHex. 6 : P6
9.BG.25WayneburnhamitePb9Ca6(Si2O7)3(SiO4)3Hex. 6 : P6
9.BG.30RustumiteCa10(Si2O7)2(SiO4)(OH)2Cl2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.BG.35ModraiteCa19Fe2+Al4(Al6Fe2+2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35FluorvesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(F,OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35VesuvianiteCa19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35Milanriederite(Ca18[REE])Fe3+Al4(Mg4Al4)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35Manaevite-(Ce)(Ca13Ce4[H2O]2)Mg(Al3Mg)(Mg3Ti3Fe3+2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)8(H4O4)2]O(OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35HongheiteCa19Fe2+Al4(Fe3+,Mg)8(◻4)B[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH,O)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35WiluiteCa19MgAl4(Al,Mg)8(B,◻)4◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(O,OH)9Tet. 4/mmm (4/m 2/m 2/m) : P4/nnc
9.BG.35CyprineCa19Cu2+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10](OH)(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.35ManganvesuvianiteCa19Mn3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9Tet. 4/m : P4/n
9.BG.40Vyuntspakhkite-(Y)(Y,Yb)4Al2.5-1.5(Si,Al)1.5-2.5(SiO4)4O(OH)7Mon.
9.BG.45DellaiteCa6Si3O11(OH)2Tric.
9.BG.50Ferriperbøeite-(Ce)CaCe3(Fe3+Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Perbøeite-(La)CaLa3(AlAl2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2 Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Perbøeite-(Ce)CaCe3(AlAl2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2 Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.50Gatelite-(Ce)CaCe3(AlAl2Mg)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BG.50Ferriperbøeite-(La) CaLa3(Fe3+Al2Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]3O(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.55Västmanlandite-(Ce)CaCe3(MgAl2Mg)[Si2O7][SiO4]3F(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite-(La) (CaLa5)(Al4Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BG.60Radekškodaite Group(CaM5)([Fe3+Al3]Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3
9.BG.60Radekškodaite-(Ce)(CaCe5)(Al4Fe2+)[Si2O7][SiO4]5O(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Epidote in petrologyHide

Internet Links for EpidoteHide

References for EpidoteHide

Reference List:
Tempel, Horst G. (1938): Influence of rare earths and other components on physico-optic properties of the epidote group. Chemie der Erde 11, 525-551.
Dana, Edward Salisbury, Dana, James Dwight (1892) A System of Mineralogy (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.pp.516-521
Gottardi G. (1954) Dati ed osservazioni sulla struttura dell'epidoto. Periodico di Mineralogia: 245-250.
Seki, Y. (1959) Relation between chemical composition and lattice constants of epidote. American Mineralogist: 44: 720-730.
Chatterjee, N.D. (1962) Vesuvianite-epidote paragenesis as a product of greenschist facies of regional metamorphism in the Western Alps. Beiträge zur Mineralogie und Petrographie: 8: 432-439.
Keith, T.E.C., Muffler L.J.P., Cremer, M. (1968) Hydrothermal epidote formed in the Salton Sea geothermal system, California. American Mineralogist: 53: 1635-1644.
Dollase, W. A. (1971) Refinement of the crystal structures of epidote, allanite, and hancockite. American Mineralogist, 56 (3-4) 447-464
Gabe, E.J., Portheine, J.C., Whitlow, S.H. (1973) A reinvestigation of the epidote structure: confirmation of the iron location. American Mineralogist: 58: 218-223.
Brown, E. H. (1977) Phase equilibria among pumpellyite, lawsonite, epidote and associated minerals in low grade metamorphic rocks. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 64 (2) 123-136 doi:10.1007/bf00371507
Sakai, C., Higashino, T., Enami, M. (1984) REE-bearing epidote from Sanbagawa pelitic schists, central Shikoku, Japan. Geochemical Journal: 18: 45-53.
Kvick, Å., Pluth, J. J., Richardson, J. W., Smith, J. V. (1988) The ferric ion distribution and hydrogen bonding in epidote: a neutron diffraction study at 15 K. Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, 44 (4) 351-355 doi:10.1107/s0108768188001491
Janeczek, Janusz, Sachanbinski, Michael (1992) Babingtonite, Y-Al-rich titanite, and zoned epidote from the Strzegom pegmatites, Poland. European Journal of Mineralogy, 4 (2) 307-320 doi:10.1127/ejm/4/2/0307
Holland, T. J. B., Redfern, Simon A. T., Pawley, A. R. (1996) Volume behavior of hydrous minerals at high pressure and temperature: II. Compressibilities of lawsonite, zoisite, clinozoisite, and epidote. American Mineralogist, 81 (3). 341-348 doi:10.2138/am-1996-3-408
Deer, W. A., Howie, R. A., Zussman, J. (1997) Rock-Forming Minerals (2nd ed.) Vol. 1b - Disilicates and Ring Silicates. The Geological Society.p.134
(2001) Epidote. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America
Gieré, R., Sorensen, S. S. (2004) Allanite and Other REE-Rich Epidote-Group Minerals. In Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry Vol. 56. Mineralogical Society of America. p.431-493. doi:10.2138/gsrmg.56.1.431
Armbruster, Thomas, Bonazzi, Paola, Akasaka, Masahide, Bermanec, Vladimir, Chopin, Christian, Gieré, Reto, Heuss-Assbichler, Soraya, Liebscher, Axel, Menchetti, Silvio, Pan, Yuanming, Pasero, Marco (2006) Recommended nomenclature of epidote-group minerals. European Journal of Mineralogy, 18 (5) 551-567 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2006/0018-0551
NAGASHIMA, Mariko (2006) Hydrothermal syntheses of epidote and piemontites on the join Ca2Al2Fe3+Si3O12(OH)-Ca2Al2Mn3+Si3O12(OH) at relatively low pressures of 200-400 MPa. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 101 (1) 1-9 doi:10.2465/jmps.101.1
Nagashima, M. & Mihailova. B. (2023): Optimal Raman-scattering signal for estimating the Fe3+ content on the clinozoisite–epidote join. European Journal of Mineralogy: 35: 267–283.
forum.amiminerals.it (n.d.) http://forum.amiminerals.it/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=18591&sid=6ae788200b9f65ba6bca3add68f0632f
Whitney, Donna L., Wilke, Max, Hanel, Sara E., Heidelbach, Florian, Mathon, Olivier, Rosa, Angelika D. (2025) Fe3+∕ΣFe variation in lawsonite and epidote in subducted oceanic crust. European Journal of Mineralogy, 37 (2). 143-149 doi:10.5194/ejm-37-143-2025

Significant localities for EpidoteHide

Showing 23 significant localities out of 10,608 recorded on mindat.org.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Wolfsberg District
      • Wolfsberg
Niedermayr et al. (1995)
  • Salzburg
    • Zell am See District
      • Neukirchen am Großvenediger
        • Knappenwand area
Mason (1976) +1 other reference
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Walloon Brabant
      • Rebecq
        • Quenast
Stöber (1895) +2 other references
Ecuador
 
  • Guayas Province
    • Guayaquil Canton
      • Guayaquil
        • Pascuales
          • La Germania
Alejandro Felix Gutierrez
France (TL)
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Isère
      • Grenoble
Haüy (1801a) +1 other reference
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Alpes-de-Haute-Provence
      • Barcelonnette
        • Saint-Paul-sur-Ubaye
Piccoli (2002) +1 other reference
  • Réunion
    • Cilaos
Serge Lavarde Collection
Serge Lavarde Collection
Guatemala
 
  • Quiché Department
    • Joyabaj
      • Palibatz
USGS Bulletin 1034
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Metropolitan City of Turin
      • Balme
Borson (1811) +15 other references
      • Usseglio
Alpinisti M. (1981) +1 other reference
Mexico
 
  • Baja California
    • San Quintín Municipality
      • San Fernando
Peninsular Range Collection - Curtis ...
North Macedonia
 
  • Prilep Municipality
    • Čanište
Bermanec et al. (2001) +1 other reference
Pakistan
 
  • Gilgit-Baltistan
    • Roundu District
      • Haramosh Mts.
Weerth (1991)
Portugal
 
  • Leiria
    • Óbidos
      • Santa Maria e São Pedro e Sobral da Lagoa
South Africa
 
  • Mpumalanga
    • Ehlanzeni District Municipality
      • Kruger National Park
PMPB Meulenbeld collection Photo ID: ...
UK
 
  • Scotland
    • Highland
      • Fort William and Ardnamurchan
[var: Withamite] C. Hintze: "Handbuch der Mineralogie" (1897) +2 other references
USA
 
  • Alaska
    • Prince of Wales-Hyder Census Area
      • Ketchikan Mining District
        • Prince of Wales Island
Mason (1976) +1 other reference
  • California
    • Calaveras County
      • Valley Springs area
Jake Harper: Field work
  • Connecticut
    • Hartford County
      • Glastonbury
        • South Glastonbury
Betts (1999)
    • Middlesex County
      • Haddam
Davis (1901) +2 other references
    • Tolland County
      • Coventry
Harvard Mineralogical Museum No. 119199 +1 other reference
  • Nevada
    • Mineral County
      • Hawthorne Mining District (Pamlico Mining District)
Benham et al. (1985)
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