آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا سے
حرف صحیحs
| معاونت:با ابجدیہ |
Orthography |
Examples |
English equivalent
|
| EA/C |
WA
|
| [[|b]] [1]
|
բ
|
պ
|
բանալի (EA/C), պատ (WA)
|
bee
|
| [[|d]] [1]
|
դ
|
տ
|
դու (EA/C), տուն (WA)
|
dog
|
| [[|dz]] [1]
|
ձ
|
ծ
|
ձուկ (EA/C), ծիծաղ (WA)
|
leads
|
| [[|dʒ]] [1]
|
ջ
|
ճ
|
ջուր (EA/C), ճանճ (WA)
|
jar
|
| [[|f]]
|
ֆ
|
ֆուտբոլ
|
fire
|
| [[|g]] [1]
|
գ
|
կ
|
գազան (EA/C), կատու (WA)
|
good
|
| [[|h]]
|
հ
|
Հայաստան
|
hot
|
| [[|j]]
|
յ
|
յուղ
|
yes
|
| [[|kʰ]]
|
ք
|
գ, ք
|
քամի (EA/C), գարուն, քամի (WA)
|
cup
|
| [[|k]] [2]
|
կ
|
[3]
|
կատու
|
scan
|
| [[|l]]
|
լ
|
լուսին
|
lace, but softer
|
| [[|m]]
|
մ
|
մայր
|
mine
|
| [[|n]]
|
ն
|
նուռ
|
nest
|
| [[|ŋ]][4]
|
ն
|
մենք
|
think
|
| [[|pʰ]]
|
փ
|
բ, փ
|
փաթիլ (EA/C), բերան, փաթիլ (WA)
|
pork
|
| [[|p]] [2]
|
պ
|
[3]
|
պատ
|
sport
|
| [[|r]] [2]
|
ռ
|
ր, ռ[5]
|
ռումբ
|
Rolled R, as in Russian родной
|
| [[|ɹ]]~[[|ɾ]] [6]
|
ր
|
րոպե
|
red, but not quite
|
| [[|ʁ]]
|
ղ
|
ղեկ
|
French rue
|
| [[|s]]
|
ս
|
սար
|
sign
|
| [[|ʃ]]
|
շ
|
շուն
|
ship
|
| [[|tʰ]]
|
թ
|
դ, թ
|
թուղթ (EA/C), դու, թուղթ
|
tomb
|
| [[|t]] [2]
|
տ
|
[3]
|
տուն
|
stop
|
| [[|tsʰ]]
|
ց
|
ձ, ց
|
ցուլ (EA/C), ձեւ, ցուլ (WA)
|
knits
|
| [[|ts]] [2]
|
ծ
|
[3]
|
ծիծաղ
|
Greek τς, as in τσιφλίκι
|
| [[|tʃʰ]]
|
չ
|
չ, ջ
|
չամիչ (EA/C), չամիչ, ջուր (WA)
|
chin
|
| [[|tʃ]] [2]
|
ճ
|
[3]
|
ճանճ
|
beach
|
| [[|v]]
|
վ, ւ
|
վիրավոր (EA/C), վիրաւոր (WA)
|
van
|
| [[|χ]]
|
խ
|
խաղող
|
Scottish loch
|
| [[|z]]
|
զ
|
զարդ
|
zoo
|
| [[|ʒ]]
|
ժ
|
ժամանակ
|
pleasure
|
Monophthongs
| معاونت:با ابجدیہ |
Orthography |
Examples |
English equivalent
|
| Reformed |
Classical
|
| [[|a]]
|
ա
|
ա, այ [7]
|
արեւ, կը դողայ, հիմա
|
lava
|
| [[|ɛ]]
|
ե,[8] է
|
Վահէ
|
set
|
| [[|ə]]
|
ը (usually not written)
|
մ(ը)տածում, (ը)սքանչելի, ընկեր
|
bigger
|
| [[|i]]
|
ի
|
իր
|
see
|
| [[|o]]
|
ո,[9] օ
|
ո,[9] օ, ոյ [7]
|
օրէնք, ովկիանոս, հորթ, յետոյ
|
hold
|
| [[|u]]
|
ու
|
տուն
|
boot
|
| [[|ʏ]]
|
N/A
|
իւ
|
գիւղ
|
German ü
|
| [[|œ]]
|
էօ
|
Էօժենի
|
French jeune
|
Diphthongs
| معاونت:با ابجدیہ |
Orthography |
Examples |
English equivalent
|
| Reformed |
Classical
|
| aj
|
այ
|
այգի, հայ
|
eye
|
| ɛj
|
եյ, էյ
|
էյ
|
թէյ
|
say
|
| ij
|
|
իյ
|
իյնալ
|
French fille
|
| oj
|
ոյ
|
|
խոյ
|
boy
|
| uj
|
ույ
|
ոյ
|
քոյր
|
French grenouille
|
| ja
|
յա, իա
|
յա, իա, էա, եա, եայ[7]
|
սենեակ, կայան
|
yawn; Finnish/Swedish ja
|
| jɛ
|
ե, յե, յէ
|
երազ, հայելի, նայէ՛
|
yes
|
| ji
|
յի
|
յի; occurs in էի
|
կ'ուզէին, Մայիս
|
yeast
|
| jo
|
յո
|
եօ
|
եօթը
|
American slang yo
|
| ju
|
յու
|
յու, իւ; occurs in իու, էու
|
իւղ, կայուն
|
you
|
Suprasegmentals
| IPA |
Meaning
|
| ˈ
|
Stress (placed before the stressed syllable)
|
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ Plosives and affricates that are voiced in Eastern Armenian /b d dz dʒ ɡ/ are voiceless aspirated /pʰ tʰ tsʰ tʃʰ kʰ/ in Western Armenian. Note also, that “In some publications, the voiceless plosives [of Eastern Armenian] are also defined as ejectives or glottalised. Glottalised plosives occur in various Armenian dialects and can also be found in the Eastern Armenian vernacular based on the Yerevan dialect, but according to normative grammars, SMEA [Standard Modern Eastern Armenian] shows no glottalised voiceless plosives.” Jasmine Dum-Tragut. Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian. London Oriental and African Language Library, 2007, issn 1382-3485; p. 17
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث Not used in Western Armenian.
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ Plosives and affricates that are tenuis /p t ts tʃ k/ in Eastern Armenian and Classical Armenian are voiced /b d dz dʒ ɡ/ in Western Armenian.
- ↑ Allophone of /n/ before velar consonants.
- ↑ The two rhotics represented as ‹ռ› and ‹ր› have merged to /ɾ/ in Western Armenian.
- ↑ In Classical Armenian and among modern Iranian Armenians, /ɾ/ is an alveolar approximant [ɹ].
- ^ ا ب پ Only word-finally.
- ↑ ‹ե› represents [jɛ] when word-initial.
- ^ ا ب ‹ո› represents [vo] when word-initial.
