secundus

From Proto-Italic *sekʷondo- (literally “that follows”); equivalent to sequor (“to follow”) +‎ -undus.^[1] The positive meanings "favourable, fair" come from the notion of the wind or current following you from behind.^[2][3]

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /seˈkun.dus/, [s̠ɛˈkʊn̪d̪ʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /seˈkun.dus/, [seˈkun̪d̪us]

secundus (feminine secunda, neuter secundum); first/second-declension numeral

1. second, the ordinal number after prīmus (“first”) and before tertius (“third”)

First/second-declension adjective.

secundus (feminine secunda, neuter secundum, comparative secundior, superlative secundissimus); first/second-declension adjective

1. next, following

   Synonym: posterior

2. according to (with object in accusative case)
3. second
4. secondary, subordinate, inferior

   Synonym: posterior

5. (nautical) favourable, fair (of weather, seas)
6. (military) fortunate, lucky, victorious, successful (of battle--secundis proeliis)
   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.29:

     Errare, si qui in bello omnes secundos rerum proventus exspectent

     If whoever expects every events in the war to be favorable, erred

7. (poetic) propitious, favorable, fortunate

First/second-declension adjective.

• secundārius
• sequī

• “secundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “secundus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• secundus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• secundus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[3], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have favourable, contrary, winds: ventis secundis, adversis uti
    
  • to be fortunate, lucky: fortuna secunda uti
    
  • to be puffed up by success; to be made arrogant by prosperity: rebus secundis efferri
    
  • the actor who plays the leading part: actor primarum (secundarum, tertiarum) partium
    
  • the dessert: secunda mensa (Att. 14. 6. 2)
    
  • to fight successfully: proeliis secundis uti
    
  • (ambiguous) with the stream; downstream: flumine secundo
    
• “secundus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “secundus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray