U+52D2, 勒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52D2

[U+52D1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+52D3]
U+F952, 勒
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F952

[U+F951]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F953]

Translingual

edit

Han character

edit

(Kangxi radical 19, +9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 廿十大尸 (TJKS), four-corner 44527, composition )

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 148, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2386
  • Dae Jaweon: page 333, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 374, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+52D2

Chinese

edit
simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *rɯːɡ) : semantic + phonetic (OC *rɯɡ).

Etymology 1

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Note: lēi - vernacular (“to tie tight”) - lè - literary (other senses).
Note:
  • lia̍k/le̍k - literary (“to roll up one's sleeves or trousers (Zhangzhou)”);
  • liak - literary (“to make a pleat”);
  • lek - (“to roll up one's sleeves or trousers (Xiamen, Zhangzhou); to use one's hand to straighten up something”);
  • la̍k - used in 肥勒爺肥勒爷;
  • leh/le̍h - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /lɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /lɤ²¹³/ ~令
/lei⁴⁴/ ~緊
Tianjin /lei²¹/
/lɤ⁵³/
Jinan /lə²¹³/
/lei²¹³/
Qingdao /lə⁴²/
/le⁴²/
Zhengzhou /lɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /lei²¹/
Xining /lɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /lia¹³/
/lə¹³/
Lanzhou /lə¹³/
Ürümqi /lei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /nɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /ne³¹/
/nie³¹/
Guiyang /lɛ²¹/
Kunming /lə³¹/
Nanjing /ləʔ⁵/
Hefei /laɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /liəʔ²/
Pingyao /lʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /ləʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ləʔ¹/
Suzhou /ləʔ³/
Hangzhou /ləʔ²/
Wenzhou /le²¹³/
Hui Shexian /le²²/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /lə²⁴/
Xiangtan /næ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /lɛʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /let̚⁵/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /lɐk̚²/
Nanning /lɐk̚²²/
Hong Kong /lɐk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lik̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /lɛiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /lɛ⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /lek̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /lek̚⁵/
/lek̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (37)
Final () (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter lok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/lək̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/lək̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/lək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/lək̚/
Li
Rong
/lək̚/
Wang
Li
/lək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/lək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
lak6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ lok › ‹ lok ›
Old
Chinese
/*[r]ˁək/ /*[r]ˁək/
English engrave bridle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 7844
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rɯːɡ/
Notes

Definitions

edit

  1. (literary) bridle (headgear for a horse)
  2. to rein in; to restrain
  3. to compel; to force; to coerce
  4. to halter; to headstall
  5. (literary) to command; to lead; to lay out (forces)
  6. (colloquial) to strap tightly; to bind tight; to strangle; to tighten
  7. to restrict; to limit
  8. (literary) to cut; to carve; to engrave
  9. to compile; to bind (to make a book)
  10. to write; to draw; to depict
  11. to extort; to blackmail
  12. to tantalise; to provoke
  13. Short for 勒克斯 (lèkèsī, “lux”).
  14. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to roll up one's sleeves or trousers
  15. (Xiamen Hokkien) to use one's hand to straighten up something
  16. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to make a pleat
  17. a surname: Le
Synonyms
edit
  • (to carve):

Compounds

edit

Etymology 2

edit

From (MC dzojX) (Dai, 2004). Compare > . Cognate with ().

Pronunciation

edit

Note: 8leq (Haiyan) - also 4lə.

Definitions

edit

(Northern Wu)

  1. to be at; to be in
  2. at; in
  3. the process of; currently (used to indicate the continuous aspect)
  4. -ed; used to indicate the perfective aspect
Synonyms
edit
  • (at):
  • (the process of):

Etymology 3

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Definitions

edit

  1. Alternative form of (modal particle)

Etymology 4

edit
For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to pick up something with one's fingertips, especially with one's thumb and forefinger”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

References

edit

Japanese

edit

Kanji

edit

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. halter and bit

Readings

edit
  • Go-on: ろく (roku)
  • Kan-on: ろく (roku)
  • Kun: くつわ (kutsuwa, )

Etymology

edit
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
ろく
Hyōgai
on'yomi

Middle Chinese (lək̚)

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

(ろく) (roku

  1. bit (metal in horse's mouth)
  2. headstall
  3. the second of the Eight Principles of Yong

Hypernyms

edit

Coordinate terms

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

edit

Hanja

edit

(eumhun 굴레 (gulle reuk), word-initial (South Korea) 굴레 (gulle neuk))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

: Hán Nôm readings: lặc, lắc, lấc, lật, lất

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.