President was the title given to the heads of state, usually of a republic, or the figure who presided over a governmental or corporate body. There were presidents on many worlds, including Gallifrey, Earth, Androzani Major, Fangoria and Theros. (TV: The Deadly Assassin [+]Robert Holmes, Doctor Who season 14 (BBC1, 1976)., The Sound of Drums [+]Russell T Davies, Doctor Who series 3 (BBC One, 2007)., The Caves of Androzani [+]Robert Holmes, Doctor Who season 21 (BBC1, 1984).; PROSE: Warmonger [+]Terrance Dicks, BBC Past Doctor Adventures (BBC Books, 2002).; COMIC: The Therovian Quest [+]TVC comic stories (1965).)
On Gallifrey, the President of the High Council of the Time Lords, usually referred to as the "Lord President", was the head of Gallifreyan society. (TV: The Deadly Assassin [+]Robert Holmes, Doctor Who season 14 (BBC1, 1976)., Hell Bent [+]Steven Moffat, Doctor Who series 9 (BBC One, 2015).) Androzani Major was similar, having a single president as the planet's lead official. (TV: The Caves of Androzani [+]Robert Holmes, Doctor Who season 21 (BBC1, 1984).)
On Earth, the United States of America was governed by a president. (TV: The Chase [+]Terry Nation, Doctor Who season 2 (BBC1, 1965).)
Throughout its existence during the American Civil War from 1861 to 1865, the Confederate States of America was likewise governed by a president. The only person to ever hold the office was Jefferson Davis. (PROSE: Blood and Hope [+]Iain McLaughlin, Telos Doctor Who novellas (Telos Publishing, 2004).)
France had presidents. Napoleon III was elected President of France in 1848 and served in the office until 1852, when he declared himself Emperor of the Second French Empire. (PROSE: World Game [+]Terrance Dicks, BBC Past Doctor Adventures (BBC Books, 2005).)
One Earth nation visited by the First Doctor, John and Gillian was governed by a president; soldiers told them to stop "in the name of our president!" (COMIC: Time in Reverse [+]Neville Main, TVC comic stories (1965).)
In Pete's World, Great Britain had a president. (TV: Rise of the Cybermen [+]Tom MacRae, adapted from Spare Parts (Marc Platt), Doctor Who series 2 (BBC One, 2006).) By the 26th century, the whole of Earth had a president. (TV: Frontier in Space [+]Malcolm Hulke, Doctor Who season 10 (BBC1, 1973)., AUDIO: Terror [+]James Swallow, Cyberman (Big Finish Productions, 2009).)
In a parallel universe visited by the Third Doctor, the American Confederation was led by a president. (PROSE: The Face of the Enemy [+]David A. McIntee, Doctor Who -
BBC Past Doctor Adventures (BBC Books, 1998).)
During a crisis of "frozen" planes in mid-air, UNIT head Kate Stewart got a call from the President, possibly the American one, but had to call him back later. (TV: The Magician's Apprentice [+]Steven Moffat, Doctor Who series 9 (BBC One, 2015).)
By 2014, UNIT had created a regulation whereby the Doctor would be officially appointed as the President of Earth in the times of extreme crisis as the only person everyone would trust with the defence of Earth. Such crises included the Cybermen converting the dead, the apparent breakdown of the UNIT/Zygon peace treaty, and the mysterious appearance of the Monks' pyramid. (TV: Death in Heaven [+]Steven Moffat, Doctor Who series 8 (BBC One, 2014)., The Zygon Inversion [+]Peter Harness and Steven Moffat, Doctor Who series 9 (BBC One, 2015)., The Pyramid at the End of the World [+]Peter Harness and Steven Moffat, Doctor Who series 10 (BBC One, 2017).)
The Tenth Doctor once pretended to get a phone call from the President of Algeria, who he believed he might have met once. (COMIC: Revolutions of Terror [+]Nick Abadzis, Doctor Who: The Tenth Doctor (Titan Comics, 2014).)
In 2017, Ramirez Harmon was the President of Mexico. (AUDIO: Army of Death [+]Error: Code 2 - no data stored in variables, cache or SMW.)
Ram Vendal was the Tibari president. (AUDIO: Fear of the Daleks)
Wilson K. Wilson was President of the New Earth System in the 25th century. (COMIC: Doctor Who and the Dogs of Doom [+]John Wagner and Pat Mills, DWM Comics (Marvel Comics, 1980).)
Lithops was the President of Mars in the 27th century. (COMIC: Bus Stop! [+]Rob Davis, DWM Comics (Panini Comics, 2007).)
Karde was the President of Vulpana. (COMIC: Hill of Beans [+]Richard Dinnick, Doctor Who: The Seventh Doctor (2018).)
Following the Great War in the Unbound Universe, the Doctor became the President of the Universe. (AUDIO: The Library in the Body [+]James Goss, The Unbound Universe (The New Adventures of Bernice Summerfield, Big Finish Productions, 2016).) He later tricked the Master into taking the title and responsibilities. (AUDIO: The True Saviour of the Universe [+]James Goss, Ruler of the Universe (The New Adventures of Bernice Summerfield, Big Finish Productions, 2017).)