Najida
(Gamma Orionis, Bellatrix) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Kundinyota | Jabari (Orion) |
| Mwangaza unaonekana | 1.64 |
| Kundi la spektra | B2 III |
| Paralaksi (mas) | 12.92 ± 0.52 |
| Umbali (miakanuru) | 250 |
| Mwangaza halisi | -2.78 |
| Masi M☉ | 8.6 |
| Nusukipenyo R☉ | 5.75 |
| Mng’aro L☉ | 9200 |
| Jotoridi usoni wa nyota (K) | 22,000 |
| Majina mbadala | γ Orionis, Amazon Star,24 Ori, Al Najīd,HR 1790, BD+06°919, HD 35468, SAO 112740, FK5 201, HIP 25336 |
Najida (ing. na lat. Bellatrix pia γ Gamma Orionis, kifupi Gamma Ori, γ Ori) ni nyota angavu ya tatu katika kundinyota la Jabari (Orion). Na pia ni nyota angavu ya 25 kwenye anga ya usiku.
Jina
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Najida ilijulikana kwa mabaharia Waswahili tangu miaka mingi wakifuata njia yao baharini wakati wa usiku kwa msaada wa nyota. [1]. Walipokea jina hili kutoka kwa Waarabu wakitafsiri jina lao النجيد al-najid linalomaanisha „shujaa, mtu hodari au pia simba" [2] ; jina la Waarabu lilitafsiriwa na wataalamu wa Ulaya kwa jina la Kilatini Bellatrix (“askari au mpiganaji wa kike”) [3]
Kwa matumizi ya kimataifa Umoja wa Kimataifa wa Astronomia ulikubali jina la Kilatini na kuorodhesha nyota hii kwa jina la "Bellatrix" [4] .
"Gamma Piscis" ni jina la Bayer maana ina nafasi ya tatu kufuatana na mwangaza katika kundinyota lake.
Tabia
[hariri | hariri chanzo]Najida - Bellatrix ni nyota maradufu yenye pacha 2-3 zinazotajwa kama α Orionis Austrini A, B na C. Iko mbali na Dunia kwa miakanuru 25. α Orionis Austrini A ni Bellatrix yenyewe, iko kwenye safu kuu yenye mwangaza unaoonekana wa Vmag 1.17. Masi ya Najida (nyota A) ni M☉ 1.92 na nusukipenyo chake R☉ 1.84 (vizio vya kulinganisha na Jua letu) . Mwangaza halisi ni 1.1 ikiwa katika kundi la spektra A3 V.[5].
Ikiwa ni nyota jitu yenye rangi ya buluu katika kundi la spektra B2 masi yake ni mara nane ya Jua na mng'aro ni mara 9000 wa Jua. Baada ya miaka milioni kadhaa itapanuka na kuwa jitu jekundu. Masi yake haitoshi kuishia katika mlipuko kwa hiyo itaishia kama nyota kibete cheupe chenye masi kubwa.
Tanbihi
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- ↑ ling. Knappert 1993
- ↑ Lane, Arabic - English Lexicon (1872), part 8, uk. 2773
- ↑ Allen Star-Names (1899), uk. 313: Bellatrix, the Female Warrior, the Amazon Star, is from the translation…. of its Arabic title, Al Najid, the Conqueror. Kazwini had this last, but Ulug Beg said Al Murzim al Najid, the Roaring Conqueror, or, according to Hyde, the Conquering Lion heralding his presence by his roar, as if this star were announcing the immediate rising of the still more brilliant Rigel, or of the whole constellation.
- ↑ Naming Stars, tovuti ya Umoja wa Kimataifa wa Astronomia (Ukia), iliangaliwa Novemba 2017
- ↑ Mamajek, E.E. (August 2012).
Viungo vya Nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Constellation Guide:Orion
- Orion the Hunter, "Stars", kwenye tovuti ya Star Tales ya Ian Ridpath, iliangaliwa Oktoba 2017
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Allen, Richard Hinckley: Star-Names and their Meanings; kwa G. E. Stechert New York, Leipzig, London, Paris 1899, ukurasa 59 (online kwenye archive.org)
- Knappert, Jan: The Swahili Names of Stars, Planets and Constellations; The Indian Ocean Review September 1993 Volume 6 No. 3 September 1993, kurasa 6-7, ISSN 1031-2331
- Lane, Edward William : An Arabic - English Lexicon by in eight parts – 1872 (Perseus Collection Arabic Materials Digitized Text Version v1.1 of reprint Beirut – Lebanon 1968) online hapa
- Mamajek, E.E. (August 201) "On the Age and Binarity of Bellatrix". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 754 (2): L20. arXiv:1206.6353 online hapa