List of presidents of Turkey
This is a complete list of presidents of Turkey. The list includes all eleven heads of state that lead the country after the Turkish War of Independence. For a list of rulers of the predecessor Ottoman Empire, see the Ottoman Dynasty.
List of presidents (1923–present)
[change | change source]- Political Party
- Independent
- Republican People's Party
- Democrat Party
- Justice Party
- Motherland Party
- True Path Party
- Justice and Development Party
- Status
Denotes Military Rulers
Denotes acting president
| No. | Name (Birth–Death) |
Portrait | Term of office | Political party | Previous office | Elected | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parliamentary system (1923–2018) | |||||||||
| 1 | Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938) |
 |
29 October 1923 | 1 November 1927 | Republican People's Party | 1st Speaker of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey | 1 | 1923 | |
| 1 November 1927 | 4 May 1931 | 2 | 1927 | ||||||
| 4 May 1931 | 1 March 1935 | 3 | 1931 | ||||||
| 1 March 1935 | 10 November 1938[1] | 4 | 1935 | ||||||
| — | Abdülhalik Renda (1881–1957) |
 |
10 November 1938 | 11 November 1938 | Republican People's Party | 4th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly | — | — | |
| 2 | İsmet İnönü (1884–1973) |
 |
11 November 1938 | 3 April 1939 | Republican People's Party | 1st Prime Minister of Turkey | 5 | 1938 | |
| 3 April 1939 | 8 March 1943 | 6 | 1939 | ||||||
| 8 March 1943 | 5 August 1946 | 7 | 1943 | ||||||
| 5 August 1946 | 27 May 1950 | 8 | 1946 | ||||||
| 3 | Celâl Bayar (1883–1986) |
 |
27 May 1950 | 14 May 1954 | Democrat Party | 3rd Prime Minister of Turkey | 9 | 1950 | |
| 14 May 1954 | 1 November 1957 | 10 | 1954 | ||||||
| 1 November 1957 | 27 May 1960[2] | 11 | 1957 | ||||||
| 4 | National Unity Committee Chairman: General Cemal Gürsel |
27 May 1960 | 10 October 1961 | Military | 10th Commander of the Turkish Army | — | |||
| Cemal Gürsel (1895–1966) |
 |
10 October 1961 | 2 February 1966[3] | Independent | Chairman of the National Unity Committee | 12 | 1961 | ||
| — | İbrahim Şevki Atasagun (1899–1984) |
 |
2 February 1966 | 28 March 1966 | Independent | — | — | ||
| 5 | Cevdet Sunay (1899–1982) |
,,_Bestanddeelnr_916-7535_(cropped).jpg) |
28 March 1966 | 28 March 1973 | Independent | 12th Chief of the General Staff of Turkey | 13 | 1966 | |
| — | Tekin Arıburun (1903–1993) |
|
28 March 1973 | 6 April 1973 | Justice Party | 4th Chairmen of the Senate of Turkey | — | — | |
| 6 | Fahri Korutürk (1903–1987) |
6 April 1973 | 6 April 1980 | Independent | 3rd Commander of the Turkish Navy | 14 | 1973 | ||
| — | İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil (1908–1993) |
.jpg) |
6 April 1980 | 12 September 1980[4] | Justice Party | 6th Chairmen of the Senate of Turkey | — | — | |
| 7 | National Security Council Chairman: General Kenan Evren |
 |
12 September 1980 | 9 November 1982 | Military | 17th Chief of the General Staff of Turkey | — | ||
| Kenan Evren (1917–2015) |
|
9 November 1982 | 9 November 1989 | Independent | Chairman of the National Security Council | 15 | 1982 | ||
| 8 | Turgut Özal (1927–1993) |
 |
9 November 1989 | 17 April 1993[1] | Motherland Party | 19th Prime Minister of Turkey | 16 | 1989 | |
| — | Hüsamettin Cindoruk (born 1933) |
17 April 1993 | 16 May 1993 | True Path Party | 17th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly | — | — | ||
| 9 | Süleyman Demirel (1924–2015) |
 |
16 May 1993 | 16 May 2000 | True Path Party | 12th Prime Minister of Turkey | 17 | 1993 | |
| 10 | Ahmet Necdet Sezer (born 1941) |
 |
16 May 2000 | 28 August 2007 | Independent | 14th President of the Constitutional Court of Turkey | 18 | 2000 | |
| 11 | Abdullah Gül (born 1950) |
.jpg) |
28 August 2007 | 28 August 2014 | Justice and Development Party | 40th Minister of Foreign Affairs | 19 | 2007 | |
| 12 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 1954) |
 |
28 August 2014 | 9 July 2018 | Justice and Development Party | 25th Prime Minister of Turkey | 20 | 2014 | |
| Presidential system (2018–present) | |||||||||
| 12 | Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 1954) |
|
9 July 2018 | Incumbent | Justice and Development Party | 25th Prime Minister of Turkey | 21 | 2018 | |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Died in office.
- ↑ Deposed in the 1960 Turkish coup d'état.
- ↑ Removed from office due to ill health.
- ↑ Deposed in the 1980 Turkish coup d'état.
Acting presidents
[change | change source]- Cemal Gürsel (May 27, 1960 - October 10, 1961) Served with the title "head of state" following the May 1960 military coup.
- Tekin Arıburun (March 29, 1973 - April 6, 1973) Parliament speaker. Served as acting president ahead of Fahri Korutürk's election.
- İhsan Sabri Çağlayangil (April 6, 1980 - September 12, 1980) Parliament speaker. Served as acting president in the absence of a firm presidential candidate.
- Kenan Evren (September 12, 1980 - November 9, 1982) Served with the title "head of state" following the September 1980 military coup.
- Hüsamettin Cindoruk (April 17, 1993 - May 16, 1993) Parliament speaker. Served as acting president following Turgut Özal's death.
Other websites
[change | change source]- Past presidents Archived 2011-10-04 at the Wayback Machine, Presidency of the Republic of Turkey.