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5 October 1910 revolution

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5 October 1910 Revolution
Date3–5 October 1910
Location
Result

Republican victory

  • End of the monarchy and start of the republic.
  • King Manuel II flees to England.
Belligerents
Kingdom of Portugal Portugal Republicans
Commanders and leaders
Manuel II
Teixeira de Sousa
Paiva Couceiro
Machado Santos
Teófilo Braga
Afonso Costa
Manuel de Arriaga
José Relvas

The 5 October 1910 revolution was the revolution that ended the Portuguese Monarchy. It was caused by a coup d'état organized by the Portuguese Republican Party.

In 1910, the Kingdom of Portugal was in crisis: people were angry over the 1890 British Ultimatum and the royal family.[1][2] King Carlos I and his heir was assassinated in 1908, called the Lisbon Regicide. There was conflict between two political parties, Progressive and Regenerador.[3] This caused political instability throughout Portugal.[4] Republicans in Portugal thought Republicanism was a better way to manage the country, so, the Republican Party took advantage of the instability to overthrow the House of Braganza.[5]

After a rebellion between 3 and 4 October 1910, the Portuguese Republic was proclaimed at 9 a.m of the next day from the balcony of the Lisbon City Hall.[6] After the revolution, a provisional junta led by Teófilo Braga managed the country until the approval of a new Constitution. In 1911 there was the beginning of the First Portuguese Republic.[7] The national symbols were changed, including the national anthem and the flag. The revolution ensured civil and religious liberties.

References

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  1. "A Ditadura de João Franco e a autoria moral e política de D. Carlos". avenidadaliberdade.org. 30 August 2010. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012.
  2. "Implantação da República". Infopédia. 30 August 2010.
  3. "João Franco". Vidas Lusófonas. 30 August 2010. Archived from the original on 15 May 2011.
  4. "1ª Republica – Dossier temático dirigido às Escolas" (PDF). Rede Municipal de Bibliotecas Públicas do concelho de Palmela. 30 August 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 April 2015.
  5. A este propósito ver Quental, Antero de (1982). Prosas sócio-políticas ;publicadas e apresentadas por Joel Serrão (in Portuguese). Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda. p. 248. citado na secção "O Partido Republicano Português" deste artigo.
  6. "Primeira República – Biografia de João de Canto e Castro". leme.pt. 30 August 2010.
  7. "Constituição de 1911 – Infopédia". infopedia.pt. 9 September 2010.