Isotopen van magnesium
Het chemisch element magnesium (Mg), met een atoommassa van 24,3050(6) u, komt in de natuur als drie stabiele isotopen voor. 24Mg is met 80% het meest abundant. De overige 20% bestaat uit 25Mg en 26Mg.
26Mg is een vervalproduct van 26Al dat een halveringstijd van 717.000 jaar heeft. Het wordt regelmatig in grote hoeveelheden aangetroffen in sommige meteorieten. Uit de verhouding tussen aluminium-26 en magnesium-26 kan bepaald worden hoe oud een meteoriet is.
Overzicht
[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]| Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) |
Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19Mg | 12 | 7 | 19,03547(27) | 1/2− | |||||
| 20Mg | 12 | 8 | 20,018863(29) | 90,8(24) ms | β+ (97%) | 20Na | 0+ | ||
| β+, p (3%) | 19Ne | ||||||||
| 21Mg | 12 | 9 | 21,011713(18) | 122(2) ms | β+ (66,9%) | 21Na | (5/2, 3/2)+ | ||
| β+, p (32,6%) | 20Ne | ||||||||
| β+, α (0,5%) | 16F | ||||||||
| 22Mg | 12 | 10 | 21,9995738(14) | 3,8755(12) s | β+ | 22Na | 0+ | ||
| 23Mg | 12 | 11 | 22,9941237(14) | 11,317(11) s | β+ | 23Na | 3/2+ | ||
| 24Mg | 12 | 12 | 23,985041700(14) | stabiel | 0+ | 0,7899(4) | 0,78958 - 0,79017 | ||
| 25Mg | 12 | 13 | 24,98583692(3) | stabiel | 5/2+ | 0,1000(1) | 0,09996 - 0,10012 | ||
| 26Mg | 12 | 14 | 25,982592929(30) | stabiel | 0+ | 0,1101(3) | 0,10987 - 0,11030 | ||
| 27Mg | 12 | 15 | 26,98434059(5) | 9,458(12) min | β− | 27Al | 1/2+ | ||
| 28Mg | 12 | 16 | 27,9838768(22) | 20,915(9) uur | β− | 28Al | 0+ | ||
| 29Mg | 12 | 17 | 28,988600(15) | 1,30(12) s | β− | 29Al | 3/2+ | ||
| 30Mg | 12 | 18 | 29,990434(9) | 335(17) ms | β− (99,94%) | 30Al | 0+ | ||
| β−, n (,06%) | 29Al | ||||||||
| 31Mg | 12 | 19 | 30,996546(13) | 230(20) ms | β− (98,3%) | 31Al | 3/2+ | ||
| β−, n (1,7%) | 30Al | ||||||||
| 32Mg | 12 | 20 | 31,998975(19) | 86(5) ms | β− (97,6%) | 32Al | 0+ | ||
| β−, n (2,4%) | 31Al | ||||||||
| 33Mg | 12 | 21 | 33,005254(21) | 90,5(16) ms | β− (83%) | 33Al | 7/2− | ||
| β−, n (17%) | 32Al | ||||||||
| 34Mg | 12 | 22 | 34,00946(25) | 20(10) ms | β− (> 99,9%) | 34Al | 0+ | ||
| β−, n (< 0,1%) | 33Al | ||||||||
| 35Mg | 12 | 23 | 35,01734(43) | 70(40) ms | β−, n (52%) | 34Al | (7/2−) | ||
| β− (48%) | 35Al | ||||||||
| 36Mg | 12 | 24 | 36,02300(54) | 3,9(13) ms | β− | 36Al | 0+ | ||
| 37Mg | 12 | 25 | 37,03140(97) | 40 ms [> 260 ns] | β− | 37Al | 7/2− | ||
| β−, n | 36Al | ||||||||
| 38Mg | 12 | 26 | 38,03757(54) | 1 ms [> 260 ns] | 0+ | ||||
| 39Mg | 12 | 27 | 39,04677(55) | < 260 ns | 7/2− | ||||
| 40Mg | 12 | 28 | 40,05393(97) | 1 ms | 0+ | ||||
Overzicht van isotopen per element
[bewerken | brontekst bewerken]| 1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
| 2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
| 3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
| 4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
| 5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
| 6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
| 7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
| Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
| Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr | |||
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) Nudat 2.5
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859
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