Romawa na Da

Romawa na Da
Wuri
41°53′N 12°29′E / 41.89°N 12.48°E / 41.89; 12.48
Babban birni	Roma (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	50,000,000 (2 century)
Labarin ƙasa
Bangare na	Roman civilization (en)
Sun raba iyaka da	Persian Empire (en)
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	<abbr title="Disputed (en) ">d. 753 "BCE"
Rushewa	476
Ta biyo baya	Medieval Rome (en)
Ranakun huta	Saturnalia (en) (December 17 (en) )

Romawa na Da; shine sunan wayewa a Italiya. Ya fara ne a matsayin karamar al'umma mai noma a cikin karni na 8 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa.

Ya kuma zama birni kuma ya karbi sunan Roma daga wanda ya kafa ta Romulus. Ya girma ya zama babbar daula a tsohuwar duniya.^[1] Ya fara ne a matsayin masarauta, sannan ya zama jamhuriya, sannan daula.

Masarautar Rome tana da girma da yawa cewa akwai matsaloli da ke mulkin babban yankin Rome wanda ya fadi daga Birtaniyya zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya.

A cikin 293 bayan Annabi Isa,  ya raba masarautar kashi biyu. Karni daya daga baya, a cikin 395BM an raba shi har abadazuwa Daular Roman ta yamma da Daular Roman ta Gabas. Daular Yamma ta Kare saboda kabilar Jamusawa, Visigoths a cikin 476 AD.

A karni na 5 Miladiyya, bangaren yammacin daular ya rabu zuwa masarautu daban-daban. Daular Roman ta gabas ta kasance tare a matsayin Daular Byzantine. Daular Byzantine ta kayar da Daular Ottoman a shekarar 1453.

An kafa Rome, bisa ga almara, a ranar 21 ga Afrilu 753 BC kuma ta Fadi a shekara ta 476 AD, tana da kusan shekaru 1200 na independence yancin kai da kuma kusan shekaru 700 na mulki, a matsayin babbar kasa a tsohuwar duniya. Wannan ya sanya ta zama dayan dumbin wayewar kai a zamanin da.

Al'adu na Romawa ya bazu zuwa Yammacin Turai da kuma yankin da Bahar Rum. Tarihinta har yanzu yana da babban tasiri a duniya a yau. Misali, ra'ayoyin Roman game da dokoki, gwamnati, fasaha, adabi, da yare suna da mahimmanci ga al'adun Turai.

Yaren Roman, Latin, sannu a hankali ya canza, ya zama Faransanci na zamani, Sifaniyanci, Italiyanci, Romania, da sauran yaruka da yawa. Latin ma a kaikaice ya rinjayi wasu yarukan da yawa kamar su Ingilishi.

Farawa tare da Sarki Nero a karni na farko AD, gwamnatin Roman ba ta son Kiristanci. A wasu wurare a tarihi, ana iya kashe mutane saboda su Kiristoci ne.

A karkashin Sarki Diocletian, an tsananta wa Kiristoci ya zama mafi karfi. Koyaya, Addinin Kiristanci ya zama addinin da aka tallafawa a hukumance a Daular Roman a karkashin Constantine I, wanda shine Sarki na gaba. Tare da sanya hannu a kan Dokar Milan a 313, da sauri ya zama babban addini. Sannan a cikin 391 AD ta hanyar umarnin sarki Theodosius I na sanya Kiristanci addinin Rome na hukuma.^[2]

Rikicin Islama ya tsoratar da Rumawa, wanda mabiyansa suka karbi yankunan Siriya, Armenia da Misira kuma ba da dadewa ba suka yi barazanar kwace Yankin Konstantinople. A karni na gaba, Larabawa sun kame kudancin Italiya da Sicily.

Rumawa sun tsira a lokacin karni na 8 kuma, farawa a cikin karni na 9, sun sake karbar ɓangarorin kasashen da aka ci da yaki.^[3] A cikin 1000 AD, Daular Gabas ta kasance a mafi girman matsayi, kuma al'adu da kasuwanci sun bunkasa.^[4]

Koyaya, bazuwar an dakatar da Fadada a cikin 1071 a Yakin Manzikert . Wannan a karshen ya sa masarautar ta fara rauni. Bayan yake-yake na yake-yake da mamayar Turkawa, Sarki Alexius I Comnenus ya nemi taimako daga Yammaci a cikin 1095.

Yammacin duniya sun amsa tare da Jihadi, a ƙarshe ya haifar da Jihadi na hudu wanda ya ci Constantinople a cikin 1204. Sabbin ƙasashe gami da Nicaea sun karbi bangaren ƙaramar daular a yanzu.^[5]

Bayan sake ikon Constantinople da sojojin Imperial suka yi, masarautar ba ta wuce kasar Girka da ke tsare a yankin Aegean ba. Daular Gabas ta Kare lokacin da Mehmed na II ya ci yankin Constantinople a ranar 29 ga Mayu 1453.^[6]

An samo ragowar ayyukan Roman da kuma gine-ginen a mafi kusurwar ƙarshen Masarautar.

• Iyakokin Daular Rome
• Gidajen Roman
• Hanyoyin Roman a Biritaniya

• 
  Honduran Roman Catholic mass
• 
  Mamucium vicus

• Laburaren Doka na Roman Da Yves Lassard da Alexandr Koptev
• Hanyoyin hadin yanar gizo don daliban Makarantar Midil daga tarin Laburaren Makarantar Middle School