Psychologia personalitatis

Psychologia personalitatis est subdisciplina psychologiae quae personalitatem et eius variationes inter singulos investigat. Studium scientificum est quod monstrare conatur quomodo homines ob vires psychologicas unice inter se variantur.^[1] Inter suas provincias praecipuas sunt:

• constructio imaginis cohaerentis personae et suarum maiorum rationum psychologicarum
• investigatio differentiarum psychologicarum hominum
• investigatio ingenii humani et similitudinum psychologicarum inter homines

Personalitas est vehemens et ordinata proprietatum hominis copia quae circumiecta, cognitiones, animi motús, incitamenta, moresque in variis rebus unice movet. Vocabulum personalitas a vocabulo persona derivatur.

Personalitas etiam attingit exemplar cogitationis, animi motuum, accommodationis socialis, morumque constanter per tempus exhibitorum qui hominis exspectationes, perceptiones sui, pretia, habitúsque valide movent. Personalitas humana aliis hominibus responsa, difficultates, et tensionem praedicit.^[2][3] Gordon Allport (1937) binos descripsit personalitatis investigandae modos: nomotheticum et idiographicum: psychologia nomothetica leges generales petit quae multis hominibus variis adhiberi possunt, sicut principium veritationis sui^? et proprietas extraversionis; psychologia autem idiographica est propositum ad unicas cuiusque hominis proprietates intellegendas.

Studium personalitatis historiam latam et variam in psychologia habet, cui sunt abundantes traditiones theoreticae. Inter maiores theorias sunt cosmotheoriae dispositionalis, psychodynamica, humanistica, biologica, behavioristica, evolutionaria, et educationis socialis; multi autem investigatores et psychologi se uni interpretationi aperte non consociant, sed rei eclectice appropinquat. Investigationes plerumque empiricae sunt, sicut exemplaria dimensionalia in statistica multivariata condita, sicut explicatio factorum, aut evolutionem theoriae vehementius dicunt, sicut theoriae psychodynamicae. Etiam probationem personalitatis exprimunt, provinciam adhibitam. In educatione et exercitatione psychologica, academica ingenii personalitatis eiusque evolutionis psychologicae studia plerumque docentur ante cursús in psychologia abnormali et psychologia clinica.

Investigatores philosophique magni momenti qui theorias psychologiae personalitatis proposuerunt sunt Alfredus Adler, Gordon Allport, Ioannes Eysenck, Sigmundus Freud, Abrahamus Maslow, et Carolus Rogers.

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• Maslow, Abraham H. 1999. Toward a Psychology of Being. Ed. 3a. Novi Eboraci: John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-29309-5.
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• Winnie, J. F., et J. W. Gittinger. 1973. "An introduction to the personality assessment system." Journal of Clinical Psychology Monograph Supplement 38: 1–68.

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