sustineo

From sub- +‎ teneō (“hold; restrain”). Compare, on composition and meaning, with the later formed subteneō (“to hold underneath”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /susˈti.ne.oː/, [s̠ʊs̠ˈt̪ɪneoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /susˈti.ne.o/, [susˈt̪iːneo]

sustineō (present infinitive sustinēre, perfect active sustinuī, supine sustentum); second conjugation

1. to hold up or upright, uphold, support, sustain

   Synonyms: sustentō, teneo, concipio, capesso, subsistō, suffero, capio, retineo

2. to keep up, bear up, tolerate

   Synonyms: tolerō, sino, patio, accipio, recipio, subeo, perpetior, sufferō, sustentō, suscipiō, perfero, dūrō, ferō

3. to hold or keep back or in, stay, check, restrain, control
4. to keep back, put off, defer, delay
5. to uphold, sustain, maintain, preserve

   Synonyms: teneo, retineo, capio, comprehendo, obsideo, servo

6. to guard, protect

   Synonyms: salvō, tūtor, vindicō, cū̆stōdiō, sospitō, teneō, adimō, prōtegō, tegō, dēfendō, adsum, tueor, ēripiō, arceō, servō, prohibeō

   Antonyms: immineō, īnstō, obiectō

7. to undergo, endure, deign, withstand, hold out
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 2.415–416:

     quōs lupa nūtrit, perdere cognātae sustinuēre manūs.

     Those whom the she-wolf suckles, the hands of [their own] relatives withstood to destroy.
     (Twin babes Romulus and Remus had been subjected to infant exposure.)

• “sustineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sustineo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sustineo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to bring horses to the halt when at full gallop: equos incitatos sustinere
    
  • to fulfil the duties of one's position: munus explere, sustinere
    
  • to bear the blame of a thing: culpam alicuius rei sustinere
    
  • to hold out for four months: obsidionem quattuor menses sustinere
    
  • to resist the attack, onset: impetum sustinere (B. G. 1. 26)
    
  • to stop rowing; to easy: sustinere, inhibere remos (De Or. 1. 33)
    
• sustineo in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016