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gostwng

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Welsh

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *uɸo-exs-stong-,[1] equivalent to go- +‎ reflex of Proto-Indo-European *stengʷ-.[2]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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gostwng (first-person singular present gostyngaf)

  1. (ambitransitive) to lessen, to lower, to reduce
    Synonym: lleihau
    Antonym: codi
  2. (intransitive) to bow, to curtsy

Conjugation

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Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future gostyngaf gostyngi gostwng, gostynga gostyngwn gostyngwch gostyngant gostyngir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional
gostyngwn gostyngit gostyngai gostyngem gostyngech gostyngent gostyngid
preterite gostyngais gostyngaist gostyngodd gostyngasom gostyngasoch gostyngasant gostyngwyd
pluperfect gostyngaswn gostyngasit gostyngasai gostyngasem gostyngasech gostyngasent gostyngasid, gostyngesid
present subjunctive gostyngwyf gostyngych gostyngo gostyngom gostyngoch gostyngont gostynger
imperative gostwng, gostynga gostynged gostyngwn gostyngwch gostyngent gostynger
verbal noun gostwng
verbal adjectives gostyngedig
gostyngadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
inflected
colloquial forms
singular plural
first second third first second third
future gostynga i,
gostyngaf i
gostyngi di gostyngith o/e/hi,
gostyngiff e/hi
gostyngwn ni gostyngwch chi gostyngan nhw
conditional gostyngwn i,
gostyngswn i
gostynget ti,
gostyngset ti
gostyngai fo/fe/hi,
gostyngsai fo/fe/hi
gostyngen ni,
gostyngsen ni
gostyngech chi,
gostyngsech chi
gostyngen nhw,
gostyngsen nhw
preterite gostyngais i,
gostynges i
gostyngaist ti,
gostyngest ti
gostyngodd o/e/hi gostyngon ni gostyngoch chi gostyngon nhw
imperative gostynga gostyngwch

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of gostwng
radical soft nasal aspirate
gostwng ostwng ngostwng unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “gostwng”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
  2. ^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (13)