crith

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See also: críth

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Ancient Greek κριθή (krithḗ, “barley corn, a small weight”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crith (plural criths)

  1. (physics) the weight of 1 litre of hydrogen at standard temperature and pressure. Equal to approximately 0.09 grams.

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Irish crith,[2] from Proto-Celtic *kritos (“trembling, fever”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crith m (genitive singular creatha, nominative plural creathanna)

  1. a shake, quiver, tremble
  2. verbal noun of crith

Declension

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Declension of crith

Third declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative crith creathanna
Vocative a chrith a chreathanna
Genitive creatha creathanna
Dative crith creathanna

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an crith na creathanna
Genitive an chreatha na gcreathanna
Dative leis an gcrith

don chrith

leis na creathanna

Verb

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crith (present analytic critheann, future analytic crithfidh, verbal noun crith, past participle crite)

  1. to shake, quiver, tremble

Conjugation

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conjugation of crith (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present crithim critheann tú;
crithir† 		critheann sé, sí crithimid critheann sibh critheann siad;
crithid† 		a chritheann; a chritheas /
a gcritheann* 		critear
past chrith mé; chritheas chrith tú; chrithis chrith sé, sí chritheamar; chrith muid chrith sibh; chritheabhair chrith siad; chritheadar a chrith /
ar chrith* 		critheadh
past habitual chrithinn / gcrithinn‡‡ chriteá / gcriteᇇ chritheadh sé, sí / gcritheadh sé, s퇇 chrithimis; chritheadh muid / gcrithimis‡‡; gcritheadh muid‡‡ chritheadh sibh / gcritheadh sibh‡‡ chrithidís; chritheadh siad / gcrithidís‡‡; gcritheadh siad‡‡ a chritheadh /
a gcritheadh* 		chrití / gcrit퇇
future crithfidh mé;
crithfead 		crithfidh tú;
crithfir† 		crithfidh sé, sí crithfimid;
crithfidh muid 		crithfidh sibh crithfidh siad;
crithfid† 		a chrithfidh; a chrithfeas /
a gcrithfidh* 		crithfear
conditional chrithfinn / gcrithfinn‡‡ chrithfeá / gcrithfeᇇ chrithfeadh sé, sí / gcrithfeadh sé, s퇇 chrithfimis; chrithfeadh muid / gcrithfimis‡‡; gcrithfeadh muid‡‡ chrithfeadh sibh / gcrithfeadh sibh‡‡ chrithfidís; chrithfeadh siad / gcrithfidís‡‡; gcrithfeadh siad‡‡ a chrithfeadh /
a gcrithfeadh* 		chrithfí / gcrithf퇇
subjunctive present go gcrithe mé;
go gcrithead† 		go gcrithe tú;
go gcrithir† 		go gcrithe sé, sí go gcrithimid;
go gcrithe muid 		go gcrithe sibh go gcrithe siad;
go gcrithid† 		— go gcritear
past dá gcrithinn dá gcriteá dá gcritheadh sé, sí dá gcrithimis;
dá gcritheadh muid 		dá gcritheadh sibh dá gcrithidís;
dá gcritheadh siad 		— dá gcrití
imperative crithim crith critheadh sé, sí crithimis crithigí;
crithidh† 		crithidís — critear
verbal noun crith
past participle crite

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
crith chrith gcrith
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ^ “crith”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
  2. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crith”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 345, page 118
  4. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 90, page 50

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *kritos (“trembling, fever”). Cognate to Welsh cryd (“fever”).[1]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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crith m (genitive unattested)

  1. shaking, trembling

Inflection

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Unknown, but Matasović tentatively classifies this as an o-stem.[1] A u-stem declension with genitive cretha can be found in Middle Irish.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
crith chrith crith
pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*krito-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 225

Further reading

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Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish crith, from Old Irish crith, from Proto-Celtic *kritos.

Verb

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crith (past chrith, future crithidh, verbal noun crith, past participle crithte)

  1. shake, shiver, tremble, quaver

Noun

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crith f (genitive singular crithe, plural crithean)

  1. verbal noun of crith
  2. shiver, tremble, shudder, tremor

Derived terms

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