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See also:
U+90A3, 那
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90A3

[U+90A2]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+90A4]

Translingual

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Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 163, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸手弓中 (SQNL), four-corner 17527, composition 𭃂)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1268, character 30
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39305
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1767, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3760, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+90A3

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *naːl, *naːlʔ, *naːls) : phonetic (OC *njam, *njamʔ) + semantic (city).

Originally the name of a state; later borrowed for a distal demonstrative.

Etymology 1

[edit]
simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𨚗

Cognate with (OC *njaɡ, “that”), (MC nyeX, “that”) (Norman, 1988). Also compare (Schuessler, 2007):

Pronunciation

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Note: nèi - contraction of (nàyī), used when it is followed by classifier or numeral + classifier.
Note: naa6, no5 - rare.
Note:
  • nā - vernacular;
  • nō͘ - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Initial () (8) (8) (8)
Final () (94) (94) (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division () I I I
Fanqie
Baxter na naX naH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/nɑ/ /nɑX/ /nɑH/
Pan
Wuyun
/nɑ/ /nɑX/ /nɑH/
Shao
Rongfen
/nɑ/ /nɑX/ /nɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/na/ /naX/ /naH/
Li
Rong
/nɑ/ /nɑX/ /nɑH/
Wang
Li
/nɑ/ /nɑX/ /nɑH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/nɑ/ /nɑX/ /nɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
nuó nuǒ nuò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
no4 no5 no6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
nuó
Middle
Chinese
‹ na ›
Old
Chinese
/*nˁar/
English ample

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
No. 10766 10769 10770
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*naːl/ /*naːlʔ/ /*naːls/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. that; those
      ―  rén shì shéi?  ―  Who is that person?
    什麼什么  ―  shì shénme?  ―  What's that?
    為什麼特別 [MSC, trad.]
    为什么特别 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ wèishénme tèbié tiāo le yī ge ne? [Pinyin]
    Why did you choose that one in particular?
    將近四川成都郊區百花橋 [MSC, trad.]
    将近四川成都郊区百花桥 [MSC, simp.]
    From: Dàshuǐ Guòhòu (After the Flood)
    nián wǒ jiāngjìn shí suì, zhù zài Sìchuān Chéngdōu jiāoqū de Bǎihuāqiáo. [Pinyin]
    That year, I was about ten years old, living in Sichuan Province in a suburb of Chengdu city called Hundred Flowers.
    Antonym:
  2. then; in that case
      ―  wǒ ne?  ―  (Then) what about me?
    明白最好打扮 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Ńg, wǒ míngbái le, wǒ zuìhǎo yě dǎbàn yī xià. [Pinyin]
    Oh, I see. I'd better dress up then.
    喜歡工作怎麼辭掉 [MSC, trad.]
    喜欢工作怎么辞掉 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ bù xǐhuān zhè fèn gōngzuò? nǐ zěnme bù cídiào ne? [Pinyin]
    You don' t like your job? In that case why don't you leave?
  3. (dialectal) so; that
Synonyms
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Compounds

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Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𨚗

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • ná - vernacular;
  • nó͘ - literary.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial () (8)
    Final () (94)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter naX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /nɑX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /nɑX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /nɑX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /naX/
    Li
    Rong
    /nɑX/
    Wang
    Li
    /nɑX/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /nɑX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    nuǒ
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    no5
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 10769
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*naːlʔ/

    Definitions

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    1. (dated) Alternative form of (which; where)

    Compounds

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    Etymology 3

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    simp. and trad.
    alternative forms

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) (Hokkien) more
    2. (Hokkien) Indicates two actions happening simultaneously; see 那……那…….

    Compounds

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    Etymology 4

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    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Wu) you”).
    (This character is a variant form of ).

    Etymology 5

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    Contraction of 那麼那么

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. (Xiang) so; such; that
    Synonyms
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    Etymology 6

    [edit]
    simp. and trad.
    alternative forms 𨚉
    𨙻

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation

    [edit]


    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (8)
    Final () (94)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter na
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /nɑ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /nɑ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /nɑ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /na/
    Li
    Rong
    /nɑ/
    Wang
    Li
    /nɑ/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /nɑ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    nuó
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    no4
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    nuó
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ na ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*nˁar/
    English ample

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 10766
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*naːl/
    Notes

    Definitions

    [edit]

    1. many; much
    2. beautiful
    3. calm; tranquil
    4. (historical) Nuo (a state)
    5. a surname

    Compounds

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    Etymology 7

    [edit]
    simp. and trad.
    alternative forms 𨚗

    Fusion of 如何 (OC *nja ɡaːl) or 奈何 (OC *naːls ɡaːl).

    Pronunciation

    [edit]


    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (8)
    Final () (94)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter na
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /nɑ/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /nɑ/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /nɑ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /na/
    Li
    Rong
    /nɑ/
    Wang
    Li
    /nɑ/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /nɑ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    nuó
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    no4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 10766
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*naːl/
    Notes

    Definitions

    [edit]

    1. how

    Etymology 8

    [edit]
    simp. and trad.

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. Alternative form of (nuó, to move)

    Compounds

    [edit]

    Etymology 9

    [edit]
    simp. and trad.

    Pronunciation

    [edit]


    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    Initial () (8)
    Final () (94)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter naH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /nɑH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /nɑH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /nɑH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /naH/
    Li
    Rong
    /nɑH/
    Wang
    Li
    /nɑH/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren
    /nɑH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    nuò
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    no6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 10770
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*naːls/

    Definitions

    [edit]

    1. Sentence-final interrogative particle.
    2. Synonym of (nài) (clarification of this definition is needed)
    3. to finish; to end

    Compounds

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    Etymology 10

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    simp. and trad.

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. Used in 那吒, an alternative form of 哪吒 (Nézhā).

    Etymology 11

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    simp. and trad.

    Clipping of 那拉, from Manchu ᠨᠠᡵᠠ (nara)

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. a surname. Na
        ―  Yīng  ―  Na Ying (Chinese singer)

    Etymology 12

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    Derived from Proto-Tai *naːᴬ (paddy field) or its descendants, such as Zhuang naz.

    Pronunciation

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    Definitions

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    1. Used in place names in southern China

    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Shinjitai
    Kyūjitai
    [1][2]

    那󠄁
    +&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    那󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji

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    (Jōyō kanji)

    1. what

    Readings

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    From Middle Chinese (MC na); compare Mandarin (nuó):

    • Go-on: (na, Jōyō)
    • Kan-on: (da)

    From Middle Chinese (MC naX); compare Mandarin ():

    From native Japanese roots:

    Compounds

    [edit]

    Etymology

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    Kanji in this term

    Grade: S
    on'yomi

    Pronunciation

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    Affix

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    () (na

    1. what, which

    Derived terms

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    References

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    1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2137 (paper), page 1120 (digital)
    2. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1234 (paper), page 630 (digital)

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    (eumhun 어찌 (eojji na))

    1. hanja form? of (that, those)

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

    [edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: na, , nả,

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.