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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:
U+84CB, 蓋
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-84CB

[U+84CA]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+84CC]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140, +10, 14 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 13 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿土戈廿 (TGIT), four-corner 44107, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1051, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31652
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1513, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3260, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+84CB

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb) : semantic (grass) + phonetic (OC *ɡaːb) — a thatch.

is the original character for the “cover” sense. However, because this original character was borrowed to mean “why not”, the scope of senses for expanded to include the “cover” sense (and its extended meanings).

Etymology 1

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)wap (to cover, incubate, hatch). Within Chinese, compare:

  • (OC *ɡaːb, “to join, unite; door leaf”)
  • (OC *kuːb, “small gate”)
  • (OC *kuːb, “oyster, mussel”)
  • (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb, “to join, unite; harmony; to close, shut”)
  • (OC *ɡruːb, “to unite, assemble; to accord with”)
  • (OC *qʰrub, “united, harmonious”)

Outside of Sinitic, cognate with Mizo [Term?] (hûap, to include, to take in, to cover, to embrace, to apply to). The Sino-Tibetan root is likely allofamic with Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ʔup (idem), the latter whence Burmese အုပ် (up, to cover) (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

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Note: Erhua-ed pronunciation - only the noun senses.
Note: koi3 - only the non-common-noun senses.
Note:
  • kah - vernacular (“to cover”);
  • kòa - vernacular (noun);
  • kài - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (28)
Final () (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/kɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kajH/
Li
Rong
/kɑiH/
Wang
Li
/kɑiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
goi3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gài
Middle
Chinese
‹ kajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁap-s/
English cover (v.); cover (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3
No. 5069
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kaːbs/
Definitions
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  1. to cover; to conceal
    [Hokkien]  ―  kah-phōe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to put on a blanket
  2. (figurative) to cover up; to conceal
  3. (Southern Min) to put on; to apply
  4. to stamp; to affix (a seal)
  5. to overwhelm; to surpass
  6. to build; to construct
    房子房子  ―  gài fángzi  ―  to build a house
  7. to talk nonsense; to chatter; to brag; to boast; to bluff
  8. cover; cap; lid
  9. shell (of a turtle, crab, etc.)
  10. thatch; straw mat
  11. canopy
  12. (dialectal) excellent; fantastic
  13. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Southern Sixian Hakka) very
  14. probably; roughly
  15. for; because
  16. a surname
Synonyms
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Compounds
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See also
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Descendants
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  • Japanese: 蓋し (kedashi) (calque)

Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (33)
Final () (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter hap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦap̚/
Li
Rong
/ɣɑp̚/
Wang
Li
/ɣɑp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ɣɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hap6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ hap ›
Old
Chinese
/*m-[k]ˁap/
English thatch, cover (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 5083
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡaːb/
Definitions
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  1. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, to cover; to join together; thatch)
  2. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, door leaf)

Etymology 2

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Wikipedia has an article on:

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3
Initial () (28)
Final () (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kap̚/
Li
Rong
/kɑp̚/
Wang
Li
/kɑp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
ge
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gap3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3
No. 5075
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kaːb/

Definitions

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  1. () (historical) Ge (a city in the ancient state of Qi in modern-day Yishui County, Shandong)
  2. a surname

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3
Initial () (33)
Final () (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter hap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦap̚/
Li
Rong
/ɣɑp̚/
Wang
Li
/ɣɑp̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ɣɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hap6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 5083
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡaːb/

Definitions

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  1. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, how; why)
  2. (obsolete) Alternative form of (, why not)

Etymology 4

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Wikipedia has an article on:

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • khap - vernacular;
  • kap - literary.

Definitions

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  1. Alternative form of (to cover)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. cover
  2. lid
  3. flap

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
ふた
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Used in the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE to phonetically spell Mount Futagami as 蓋上山. In turn, from Proto-Japonic *pota.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ふた) or (フタ) (futa

  1. lid; cap; cover; (malacology) operculum
    (はこ)ふたhako no futabox lid
    ビンの(ふた)bin no futacap of a bottle

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 덮을 (deopeul gae))

  1. Hanja form? of (cover).

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: cái

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.