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U+592D, 夭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-592D

[U+592C]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+592E]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 37, +1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹大 (HK), four-corner 20430, composition 丿)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 249, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5838
  • Dae Jaweon: page 507, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 523, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+592D

Chinese

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simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogram (指事) – a figure leaning forward, presumably running, hence energetic, young. See also the top component of the Kangxi radical .

Etymology

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Coblin (1986) (apud Schuessler, 2007) considers it cognate to Tibetan ཡོ་བ (yo ba, oblique, aslant), གཡོ་བ (g.yo ba, tilt), གཡོས (g.yos); if so, probably of Sino-Tibetan origin. However, the medials do not agree, as the expected Middle Chinese reflex should be in division IV, not III-B (Schuessler, 2007). Compare also Mizo eu (to bend backwards) (ibid.).

Possibly related to (OC *qrolʔ, “to bend”) (e.g. in Chuci [1]) (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • iau - literary;
  • iáu - vernacular (俗).
Note:
  • iao1 - Shantou;
  • iou1 - Chaozhou.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    Initial () (34)
    Final () (92)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter 'jewX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ʔˠiᴇuX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ʔᵚiɛuX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ʔiæuX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ʔiawX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʔjɛuX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ĭɛuX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʔi̯ɛuX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    yǎo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jiu2
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    No. 14631
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qrowʔ/

    Definitions

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    1. to die young, to die prematurely
    2. to be aggrieved
    3. to devastate
    4. disaster

    References

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    Pronunciation 2

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    Note:
    • iau - literary;
    • iáu - vernacular (俗).

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (34)
    Final () (92)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter 'jew
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ʔˠiᴇu/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ʔᵚiɛu/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ʔiæu/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ʔiaw/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʔjɛu/
    Wang
    Li
    /ĭɛu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʔi̯ɛu/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    yāo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    jiu1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    yāo
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ ʔjew ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[ʔ](r)aw/
    English delicate, slender

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3
    No. 14626
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qrow/

    Definitions

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    1. young, fresh-looking
    2. tender, gentle
    3. lush
    4. Alternative form of (yāo)

    Pronunciation 3

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    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 3/3
    Initial () (34)
    Final () (89)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter 'awX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /ʔɑuX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /ʔɑuX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /ʔɑuX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /ʔawX/
    Li
    Rong
    /ʔɑuX/
    Wang
    Li
    /ɑuX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ʔɑuX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    ǎo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ou2
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 14622
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    3
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*qoːwʔ/

    Definitions

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    1. young animal or plant

    Pronunciation 4

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    Definitions

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    1. name of an ancient place

    Pronunciation 5

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    Definitions

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    1. Only used in 夭斜.

    Compounds

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    (Hyōgai kanji)

    1. young
    2. disaster

    Readings

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    Korean

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    Hanja

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    (yo, o) (hangeul , , revised yo, o, McCune–Reischauer yo, o, Yale yo, o)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    : Hán Nôm readings: yểu, eo, ỉu, yếu, èo, yêu

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.