堪能

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Chinese

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endure
ability; can; may
ability; can; may; capable; energy; able
 
trad. (堪能)
simp. #(堪能)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/4
Initial () (29) (8)
Final () (159) (129)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I I
Fanqie
Baxter khom nong
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʰʌm/ /nəŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʰəm/ /nəŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kʰɒm/ /nəŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kʰəm/ /nəŋ/
Li
Rong
/kʰᴀm/ /nəŋ/
Wang
Li
/kʰɒm/ /nəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kʰăm/ /nəŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
kān néng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ham1 nang4

Verb

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堪能

  1. can; to be able to
  2. to be skilled in

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
たん
Grade: S
(ateji)
のう
Grade: 5
(ateji)
kan'yōon on'yomi

Shift from 足んぬ (tannu),[1][2][3][4][5] itself a shift in pronunciation from 足りぬ (tarinu):[1] () (tari, (れん)(よう)(けい) (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of the verb ()りる (tariru, to be enough)) + (nu, -ed, Classical Japanese perfective).

The kanji form is ateji (当て字).[1][2][3][4] Its regular 音読み (on'yomi), かんのう (kannō), contaminated the reading たんぬ (tannu), shifting the pronunciation to たんのう (tannō) and giving it the sense “proficient, skilled”.[1][2][3][4]

Pronunciation

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(satisfaction; to enjoy):

(proficient):

Noun

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(たん)(のう) (tannō

  1. satisfaction, satiety

Adjective

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(たん)(のう) (tannō-na (adnominal (たん)(のう) (tannō na), adverbial (たん)(のう) (tannō ni))

  1. proficient, skilled
Inflection
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Verb

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(たん)(のう)する (tannō surusuru (stem (たん)(のう) (tannō shi), past (たん)(のう)した (tannō shita))

  1. to enjoy; to receive pleasure or satisfaction from something
    (りょう)()(たん)(のう)してください
    Ryōri o tannō shite kudasai.
    Enjoy your meal.
Conjugation
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
かん
Grade: S
のう
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(かん)(のう) (kannō

  1. (Buddhism, dated) patience, perseverance
    Synonym: 忍耐 (nintai)

Verb

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(かん)(のう)する (kannō surusuru (stem (かん)(のう) (kannō shi), past (かん)(のう)した (kannō shita))

  1. to be satisfied, to be content
    堪能(かんのう)するまで
    kannō suru made
    to one's heart's content
Conjugation
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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN