妄

妄	U+5984, 妄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5984

Stroke order

Translingual

Han character

妄 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜女女 (YVV), four-corner 0040₄, composition ⿱亡女)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 256, character 1
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6063
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1027, character 9
Unihan data for U+5984

Chinese

trad.		妄
simp. ^#		妄
alternative forms		𡚶𡔞

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 妄
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (亡) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
忙	*maːŋ
芒	maːŋ, maŋ
茫	*maːŋ
恾	*maːŋ
吂	maːŋ, maːŋs
汒	maːŋ, maŋs
朚	maːŋ, hmaːŋ, maŋ, mraːŋ, *mraːŋs
邙	maːŋ, maŋ
杗	maːŋ, maŋ
荒	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋs
肓	*hmaːŋ
衁	*hmaːŋ
巟	*hmaːŋ
詤	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋʔ, *hmaŋʔ
慌	hmaːŋ, hmaːŋʔ
謊	*hmaːŋʔ
喪	smaːŋs, smaːŋ
亡	*maŋ
望	maŋ, maŋs
莣	*maŋ
朢	maŋ, maŋs
鋩	*maŋ
硭	*maŋ
忘	maŋ, maŋs
网	*mlaŋʔ
罔	*mlaŋʔ
蛧	*maŋʔ
網	*mlaŋʔ
輞	*maŋʔ
棢	*maŋʔ
惘	*maŋʔ
菵	*maŋʔ
誷	*maŋʔ
魍	*maŋʔ
妄	*maŋs
盲	*mraːŋ
蝱	*mraːŋ
虻	*mraːŋ
氓	*mraːŋ
甿	*mraːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *maŋs) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : phonetic 亡 (OC *maŋ) + semantic 女 (“woman”).

With 亡 also including meanings of “loss” or “destruction”, this character can be interpreted as the loss (亡) of one's proper reason after being seduced by a woman (女).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wàng (wang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄤˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mong⁵ / mong⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mong
Eastern Min (BUC): uông
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): morng⁵
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bōng

(Teochew, Peng'im): bhuang²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶vaon

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wàng
  - Wade–Giles: wang⁴
  - Yale: wàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wanq
  - Palladius: ван (van)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɑŋ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: mong⁵ / mong⁶
  - Yale: móhng / mohng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mong⁵ / mong⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mong⁵ / mong⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔːŋ¹³/, /mɔːŋ²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mong
  - Hakka Romanization System: mong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /moŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: uông
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɔŋ²⁴²/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: morng⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɒŋ²¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bōng
  - Tâi-lô: bōng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bong
  - IPA (Xiamen): /bɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔŋ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bhuang²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: buáng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /buaŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶vaon
  - MiniDict: vaon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³vaan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /vɑ̃²³/

Middle Chinese: mjangH

Rime
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	巫放切
Baxter	mjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mʉɐŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/mʷiɐŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/miuɑŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/muaŋ^H/
Li Rong	/miuaŋ^H/
Wang Li	/mĭwaŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/miwaŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mong⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*maŋ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*maŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	wàng
Middle Chinese	‹ mjang^H ›
Old Chinese	/*maŋ-s/
English	reckless
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	妄
Reading #	1/1
No.	12684
Phonetic component	亡
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	妄
Old Chinese	/*maŋs/

Definitions

妄

Compounds

References

“妄”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

妄

(Jōyō kanji)

a lie
carelessly

Readings

Compounds

妄言(もうげん) (mōgen), 妄言(ぼうげん) (bōgen)
妄信(もうしん) (mōshin), 妄信(ぼうしん) (bōshin)
妄説(もうせつ) (mōsetsu), 妄説(ぼうせつ) (bōsetsu)
妄想(もうそう) (mōsō), 妄想(ぼうそう) (bōsō)
妄誕(もうたん) (mōtan), 妄誕(ぼうたん) (bōtan): groundlessness, additionally, groundless talk
妄動(もうどう) (mōdō), 妄動(ぼうどう) (bōdō)
妄念(もうねん) (mōnen)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean Readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ma̠ŋ]
Phonetic hangul: [망]

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

妄

Wikisource

妄 (eumhun 허망할 망 (heomanghal mang))

hanja form^? of 망 (“absurd, foolish, reckless”)
hanja form^? of 망 (“false”)

Compounds

망념 (妄念, mangnyeom)

Vietnamese

Han character

妄: Hán Nôm readings: vọng, vòng

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