Kalyan Manikya (died 1660) was the Maharaja of Tripura from 1626 to 1660. Reigning in the aftermath of an occupation by the Mughal Empire, Kalyan did much to restore the kingdom, though it remained in a continuous state of war with the Mughals.
| Kalyan Manikya | |
|---|---|
| Maharaja of Tripura | |
| Reign | 1626–1660 |
| Predecessor | Mughal interregnum |
| Successor | Govinda Manikya |
| Died | 16 June 1660[1] |
| Wives[2] | Kalavati Saharavati |
| Issue[3] |
|
| House | Manikya dynasty |
| Father | Kachu Fa |
| Religion | Hinduism |
Reign
editKalyan was born into a branch of the Manikya dynasty, with his father Kachu Fa being a descendant of Gagan Fa, himself a son of Maha Manikya.[4] Upon the capture of Tripura by the Mughals in 1618, Yashodhar Manikya, prior to his expulsion from the kingdom, named Kalyan his heir, due to the former's lack of close male relatives.[5] Following the Mughal's retreat after a deadly epidemic in the region,[6] the Tripuri nobles appointed Kalyan as the new ruler in 1626, confirming his previous nomination.[5]
During his reign, Kalyan extensively worked to restore order to the kingdom. The administration was reorganised and improvements were made to the military, allowing the recapture of previously lost territory.[6] He was also devoted to religious pursuits, having constructed a temple to Kali as well as donating lands to Brahmins.[citation needed]
Like his predecessor, Kalyan refused to pay tribute to the Mughals, resulting in repeated attacks against the kingdom, which he was initially able to repulse. However, he was ultimately defeated by Prince Shah Shuja in 1658. Tripura was subsequently added to the Mughal revenue roll under the name "Sarkar Udaipur" and Kalyan was required to give up his son Nakshatra Roy (later known as Chhatra Manikya) as a hostage to Shuja's court.[7]
After his death in 1660, Tripura, already weakened by war, was further subjected to a fratricidal succession struggle amongst Kalyan's sons.[8]
References
edit- ^ Goswami, D.N. (1989). The Episode of Shuja Mosque- A historical review (PDF). Proceedings of North East India History Association: Tenth session. North East India History Association. p. 123.
- ^ Sarma, Raman Mohan (1987). Political History of Tripura. Puthipatra. p. 103.
- ^ Sarma (1987, pp. 102–03)
- ^ Gan-Chaudhuri, Jagadis (1980). Tripura, the land and its people. Leeladevi. p. 25. ISBN 9788121004480.
- ^ a b Sarma (1987, p. 96)
- ^ a b Chib, Sukhdev Singh (1988). This beautiful India: Tripura. Ess Ess Publications. p. 11. ISBN 978-81-7000-039-6.
- ^ Chaudhuri, Dipak Kumar (1999). The Political Agents and the Native Raj: Conflict, Conciliation, and Progress, Tripura Between 1871 to 1890. New Delhi: Mittal Publications. pp. 3–4. ISBN 978-81-7099-666-8.
- ^ Chaudhuri (1999, p. 4)