Acanthospermum australe

Acanthospermum australe
	1820 illustration
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Asterales
Family:	Asteraceae
Genus:	Acanthospermum
Species:	A. australe
Binomial name
	Acanthospermum australe; (Loefl.) Kuntze
Synonyms
	Synonymy Acanthospermum brasilum Schrank ; Acanthospermum hirsutum DC. ; Acanthospermum xanthioides (Kunth) DC. ; Acanthospermum xanthioides var. obtusifolium DC. ; Centrospermum xanthioides Kunth ; Echinodium prostratum Poit. ; Melampodium australe Loefl. ; Orcya adhaerens Vell. ; Orcya adhaerescens Vell. ;

Acanthospermum australe (Paraguayan starburr,^[3]^[4] ihi kukae hipa, Paraguay bur, Paraquay starbur, pipili, sheepbur, or spiny-bur) is a South American species of herbaceous plants first described as a species in 1758.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Distribution

The species is native to:^[8]

South America, within Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, and Colombia
Caribbean, within Grenada; Martinique; St. Vincent, and Grenadines

It has been introduced in China, and is an invasive species in parts of the United States, Canada, and South Africa. It is currently a widespread pioneer in the tropics and sub-tropics.^[9]^[10]^[11]

Extracts

Extracts of Acanthospermum australe have in vitro antiviral activity against herpesvirus and poliovirus,^[12] but clinical effects have not been studied.

References

^ Nova genera et species plantarum, vol. 4: plate 397, by Humboldt, F.H.A. von, Bonpland, A., Kunth, K.S.
^ The Plant List, Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze
^ Acanthospermum australe. United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile
^ "Acanthospermum australe". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
^ Loefling, Pehr. 1758. Iter Hispanicum 268–269
^ Kuntze, Carl Ernst Otto. 1891. Revisio Generum Plantarum 1: 303 in German
^ Tropicos, Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze
^ "Acanthospermum australe". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
^ Tropicos specimen listings, Acanthospermum australe
^ Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 37 Acanthospermum australe (Loefling) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 303. 1891.
^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map
^ Rocha Martins, LR; Brenzan, MA; Nakamura, CV; Dias Filho, BP; Nakamura, TU; Ranieri Cortez, LE; Garcia Cortez, DA (2011). "In vitro antiviral activity from Acanthospermum australe on herpesvirus and poliovirus". Pharmaceutical Biology. 49 (1): 26–31. doi:10.3109/13880209.2010.493177. PMID 20819023. S2CID 19233517.

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[1] Nova genera et species plantarum, vol. 4: plate 397, by Humboldt, F.H.A. von, Bonpland, A., Kunth, K.S.

[2] The Plant List, Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze

[3] Acanthospermum australe. United States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile

[4] "Acanthospermum australe". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.

[5] Loefling, Pehr. 1758. Iter Hispanicum 268–269

[6] Kuntze, Carl Ernst Otto. 1891. Revisio Generum Plantarum 1: 303 in German

[7] Tropicos, Acanthospermum australe (Loefl.) Kuntze

[8] "Acanthospermum australe". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 12 January 2018.

[9] Tropicos specimen listings, Acanthospermum australe

[10] Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 37 Acanthospermum australe (Loefling) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 303. 1891.

[11] Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map

[12] Rocha Martins, LR; Brenzan, MA; Nakamura, CV; Dias Filho, BP; Nakamura, TU; Ranieri Cortez, LE; Garcia Cortez, DA (2011). "In vitro antiviral activity from Acanthospermum australe on herpesvirus and poliovirus". Pharmaceutical Biology. 49 (1): 26–31. doi:10.3109/13880209.2010.493177. PMID 20819023. S2CID 19233517.

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