Kejeli
Kejeli (kutoka neno la Kiarabu; pia: kinaya; kwa Kiingereza: irony, kutoka Kigiriki cha Kale εἰρωνεία, eirōneía, yaani 'ujinga wa makusudi') ni namna ya kusema au kutenda kwa utani na dharau kinyume cha ukweli lakini kwa lengo la kuwasilisha ukweli.
Marejeo
[hariri | hariri chanzo]- Bogel, Fredric V. "Irony, Inference, and Critical Understanding." Yale Review, 503–19.
- Booth, Wayne C. A Rhetoric of Irony. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1975.
- Bryant, G. A., & Fox Tree, J. E. (2002). Recognizing verbal irony in spontaneous speech. Metaphor and Symbol, 17, 99–115.
- Colebrook, Claire. Irony. London and New York: Routledge, 2004.
- Gibbs, R. W. (2000). Irony in talk among friends. Metaphor and Symbol, 15, 5–27.
- Hutcheon, Linda. Irony's Edge: The Theory and Politics of Irony. London: Routledge, 1994.
- Kierkegaard, Søren. On the Concept of Irony with Continual Reference to Socrates. 1841; Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.
- Lavandier, Yves. Writing Drama, pages 263–315.
- Lee, C. J., & Katz, A. N. (1998). The differential role of ridicule in sarcasm and irony. Metaphor and Symbol, 13, 1–15.
- Leggitt, J., & Gibbs, R. W. (2000). Emotional reactions to verbal irony. Discourse Processes, 29(1), 1–24.
- Muecke, D. C. The Compass of Irony. London: Methuen, 1969.
- Star, William T. "Irony and Satire: A Bibliography." Irony and Satire in French Literature. Ed. University of South Carolina Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina College of Humanities and Social Sciences, 1987. 183–209.
Viungo vya nje
[hariri | hariri chanzo]
- "The final irony"—a Guardian article about irony, use and misuse of the term
- Article on the etymology of Irony
- "Irony", by Norman D. Knox, in Dictionary of the History of Ideas (1973)
- "Sardonicus"—a web-resource that provides access to similes, ironic and otherwise, harvested from the web.
- Excerpt on dramatic irony from Yves Lavandier's Writing Drama Writing Drama has a 52-page chapter on dramatic irony (with insights on the three phases (installation-exploitation-resolution), surprise, mystery, suspense, diffuse dramatic irony, etc.)
- "American Irony" Archived 3 Septemba 2010 at the Wayback Machine. compared with British irony, quoting Stephen Fry
- American and British irony compared by Simon Pegg
- Modern example of ironic writing
- Irony definition by Baldrick (BlackAdder)
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