Мистицизам

Мистицизам (од грчког μυστικός [mystikós] – мистикос = „скривено“, „тајно“) је веровање у врховне стварности изнад материјалне,^[1]^[2] и настојање да се достигне једност са том Стварношћу (или Богом) непосредним доживљајем, мимо разумских схватања.^[3]

У мистицизам се убраја свако учење које сматра да је основа стварности нешто натприродно, нематеријално и да се до тог божанског не долази појмовно, рационално, већ непосредним осећањем, интуицијом или увидом.^[4] У таквом стању мистичног иступљења (екстазе) мистик се осећа сједињен с апсолутним, божанским. Мистицизам је лично искуство и директан пут ка Богу (или Стварности), и као такав представља посебну врсту искуства које је изван сваког разумског знања. Стога се мистично често употребљава као синоним за антирационално, ненаучно.

Мистика се јавља у различитим традицијама (јеврејска, хришћанска, исламска), а мистици често нагињу пантеизму. У јудаизму, мистицизам је присутан у учењу Кабале. Мистицизам је био веома значајан за развој хришћанства, развијајући се и у православној (исихазам) и католичкој цркви (квијетизам). У исламу, суфизам је мистички аспект, усмерен остварењу Божјег јединства и присуства кроз љубав и екстатичко јединство. И у филозофији многих нововеких филозофа постоје мистички елементи (Шелинг, Шлајермахер, Соловјов, Лоски и др.).^[5]

Будући да се многи елементи мистицизма заснивају на старогрчком гностицизму, у неким научним круговима мистицизам се често назива и теозофија, тј. пут на средини између теологије и филозофије.

Мистичке традиције

Ово су примери главних традиција и филозофија са јаким елементима мистицизма:

Хришћански мистици

Извори

^ McGinn 2005.
^ Moore 2005.
^ „Mysticism”. Encyclopedia Britannica.
^ Misticizam, Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.
^ Mistika, Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.

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Спољашње везе

[FOOTNOTEMcGinn2005-1] McGinn 2005.

[FOOTNOTEMoore2005-2] Moore 2005.

[3] „Mysticism”. Encyclopedia Britannica.

[4] Misticizam, Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.

[5] Mistika, Filozofijski rečnik, Matica Hrvatska, Zagreb 1984.

[1]

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