AC Cobra

AC Cobra
AC Cobra MkIII
Overview
Manufacturer	AC Cars Shelby American[1][2][3]
Also called	AC Shelby Cobra Shelby AC Cobra[4] Shelby Cobra AC 289 Sports[5]
Production	1962–1967: Leaf-spring 655 Coil-spring 343
Assembly	Thames Ditton, Surrey, England (AC Cars (EU) Ltd.) Los Angeles, California, US (Shelby American, Inc.)
Body and chassis
Class	Sports car (S)
Body style	2-door roadster
Layout	FR layout
Related	AC Frua Shelby Daytona
Chronology
Predecessor	AC Ace
Successor	AC MK IV

The AC Cobra is a hybrid sportscar consisting of a British roadster with an American engine and transmission. In 1961 Carroll Shelby and AC Cars took a dated AC Ace sports car and collaborated to design a body to fit a Ford V-8 engine with a Borg-Warner T-10 four-speed transmission. The resulting car made history. Designed as a Corvette-killer it was one of the fastest cars available at the time. Their bodies and chassis were produced in the UK and subsequently tuned by Carroll Shelby International Inc in the USA.^[6] They became famous as Shelby Cobra and Shelby AC Cobra in the USA and AC Cobra in Europe until 1968, when the Shelby/AC collaboration ended. Since 1969 genuine AC Cobra has been produced by AC Cars.

Carroll Shelby was one of the world's first professional race car drivers.^[7] At age 37 a bad heart forced his retirement from racing.^[7] He started building cars in the back of a tire dealership in Santa Fe Springs, California.^[7] In June 1962 he moved to Venice, California.^[8] He wanted to build an American sportscar. Others had experimented with putting an American engine into a European car body. Shelby thought he could do it better. He approached General Motors with the idea but they already had the Corvette. They were also not interested in a limited production sports car.^[7] Ford, however, was very interested. Shelby also learned that AC Cars Limited in England was having trouble getting motors for their cars. He told them Ford was interested in supplying engines if they would ship him a car to test. They sent a body and Ford sent him a V-8. He and a friend worked all night installing the engine. In the morning they had the first Shelby AC Cobra.^[7]

In the beginning Shelby used Ford's 260 cu in. engine.^[9] The V8 worked so well within the spacious engine bay Shelby looked for a larger engine. In 1963 the 289 was installed and worked very well. In 1964 Shelby moved to Ford's 427 cu in. engine and made the chassis stronger in 1965.^[9]

• 
  1965 AC Shelby Cobra (most common view)
• 
  AC Shelby Cobra cockpit
• 
  A Shelby Cobra at the 2011 Rolling Sculpture Car Show
• 
  Massive Ford 427 engine of an AC Cobra
• 
  1966 427 Shelby Cobra
• 
  Shelby AC Cobra competition 427, (CSX3009) "Ollie the Dragon"
• 
  A street 427 (rare front view)
• 
  1963 Shelby Cobra coupe at Le Mans
• 
  CSX2000 is the first Shelby Cobra ever built and quite possibly the most valuable American sports car in the world
• 
  Rare 428 Cobra Jet

In October 1962 a Cobra was winning at Riverside, California when a broken hub put it out of the race.^[10] In January 1963 a Cobra won at Riverside. Cobras raced at Daytona, Sebring and Le Mans. In 1964 a specially designed 427 coupe won the GT Championship.^[9] The same year raced at Le Mans and placed fourth.^[9] Their legend continued to grow on the racetrack.

From 1961 to 1968 a total of only 998 were built.^[11] Of these 655 were 289 Cobras and 343 were 427 Cobras.^[11] In late 1968 AC stopped production of the Ace body.^[9] They continued to produce AC Cobras for Shelby until 1968 ^[12] and have been producing it as sole manufacturer until recent days.^[13]

Shelby didn't make any more Cobras until the early 1990s.^[11] In 1993, the Los Angeles Times exposed a scheme by Shelby to counterfeit his own cars. With the price of an original 7 L (427 cu in) Cobra skyrocketing, Shelby had requested the California Department of Motor Vehicles (the government agency responsible for titling vehicles and issuing operator permits) to issue 43 duplicate titles for vehicles that did not officially exist in company records. A letter from AC Cars confirmed the fact that the chassis numbers for which Shelby had obtained titles were never manufactured, at least not by AC Cars. Only 55 7 L (427 cu in) Cobras had been originally produced out of a block of serial numbers reserved for 100 vehicles. Shelby had taken advantage of a loophole in the California system that allowed one to obtain a duplicate title for a vehicle with only a written declaration, without the vehicle identification number appearing in the DMV's database or the declarant ever presenting an actual vehicle for inspection. Shelby admitted that the chassis had been manufactured in 1991 and 1992 by McCluskey Ltd, an engineering firm in Torrance, California, and were not original AC chassis,  ^[14]He watched as prices soared for his original cars. He also saw many Cobra replicas being built; some good, some not so good. He still had a number of unused chassis numbers for cars designed to be built in 1965. He wanted to sell them as new 1965 models but the state of California would only allow them to be sold for off-road use. He built only nine "Completion Cobras".^[11] Shelby then began to build cars as "rollers" that could be completed by an authorized dealer. They were available with a fiberglass body or the original aluminum body. He offered 289 Cobras and Cobras with 427 "side-oiler" engines. Shelby offered a 50th anniversary Cobra in all black with red interiors. They had special gold badging. He made 50, available as rollers, which were all sold out in 48 hours.^[11]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to AC Cobra.