1529

1529 (MDXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1529th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 529th year of the 2nd millennium, the 29th year of the 16th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1520s decade. As of the start of 1529, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was the dominant calendar of the time.

• April 22 – Treaty of Saragossa divides the eastern hemisphere between Spain and Portugal, stipulating that the dividing line should lie 297.5 leagues or 17° east of the Moluccas.
• March 7 or 9 – At the Battle of Shimbra Kure, Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi, with 200 men armed with matchlocks, defeats the army of Lebna Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia.
• May 10 – The Turkish army under Suleiman I leaves Constantinople to once again invade Hungary.
• August 5 – Francis I of France and Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor sign the Treaty of Cambrai
• September 8 – Recapture of Buda by the invading Turkish forces.
• September 8 – The city of Maracaibo in Venezuela is founded by Ambrosius Ehinger.
• September 23 – Vienna is besieged by Turkish forces.
• October 15 – With the season growing late, Suleiman abandons the siege.
• Emperor Charles V and Francis I of France sign the Treaty of Cambrai, or the "Ladies' Peace". Francis abandons his claims in Italy, but is allowed to retain Burgundy.
• Thomas Wolsey, Archbishop of York, fails to bring about the divorce and annulment Henry VIII had sought and is forced to resign.
• Aylesbury is granted the county town of Buckinghamshire in England by King Henry VIII.
• Stephen Báthory becomes governor of Transylvania.
• Boromrajathira IV succeeds Rama Thibodi II as king of Ayutthaya.
• Fluorine is first described by Georg Agricola.
• Giorgio Vasari visits Rome.
• Pietro Bembo becomes historiographer of Venice.
• Heinrich Bullinger becomes pastor of Bremgarten.
• Diet of Speyer takes place.