Beijing

[Listen]
Beijing
Cheenese	北京
Hanyu Pinyin	Běijīng; [Listen] (help·info)
Postal	Peking
Leeteral meanin	Northren capital
Transcriptions
Staundart Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Běijīng; [Listen] (help·info)
Wade–Giles	Pei3ching1 or Pei3-ching1
Wu
Romanieation	poh入cin平
Hakka
Romanisation	Pet-kîn
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping	bak1ging1
Soothren Min
Hokkien POJ	Pak-kiaⁿ
Eastren Min
Fuzhou BUC	Báe̤k-gĭng

Beijing
Beijing; 北京
	Municipality
	Municipality o Beijing • 北京市
	Clockwise frae top: Tiananmen, Temple o Heaven, National Grand Theatre, an Beijing National Stadium
	Location o Beijing Municipality athin Cheenae
	Coordinates: 39°54′50″N 116°23′30″E / 39.91389°N 116.39167°ECoordinates: 39°54′50″N 116°23′30″E / 39.91389°N 116.39167°E
Kintra	Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
Diveesions; - Coonty-level; - Tounship-level	; 16 destricts, 2 counties; 289 touns an veelages
Govrenment
• Teep	Municipality
�� CPC Ctte Secretary	Cai Qi, Yin Li
• Mayor	Yin Yong
Area
• Municipality	16801.25 km2 (6,487.00 sq mi)
Elevation	43.5 m (142.7 ft)
Population (2018)
• Municipality	21,542,000
• Density	1,300/km2 (3,300/sq mi)
• Urban (2018)	21,450,000
• Metro (2017)	24,000,000
• Ranks in Cheenae	Population: 26t; ; Density: 4t
Demonym(s)	Beijinger
Major ethnic groups
• Han	96%
• Manchu	2%
• Hui	2%
• Mongol	0.3%
Time zone	UTC+8 (Cheenae Staundart time)
Postal code	100000 – 102629
Area code(s)	10
GDP	2011
- Total	CNY 1.6 trillion ; US$ 247.7 billion (13t)
- Per caipita	CNY 80,394 ; US$ 12,447 (3rd)
- Growt	8.1%
HDI (2008)	0.891 (2nt) – vera heich
License plate prefixes	京A, C, E, F, H, J, K, L, M, N, P ; 京B (taxis); 京G, Y (ootside urban area); 京O (poliw an authorities); 京V (in red color) (militar heidquairters,; central govrenment)
Ceety trees	Cheenese arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis)
	Pagoda tree (Sophora japonica)
Ceety flouers	Cheenae rose (Rosa chinensis)
	Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium)
Website	www.ebeijing.gov.cn

Beijing is the caipital o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae. The ceety is kent as Peking an aw. It's locatit in the nor'east o the kintra.

The ceity o Beijing haes played a gey important pairt in the oncome o Cheenae. Mony fowk fae ither ceeties an kintras haes flittit tae Beijing tae leuk for wark. Near-haund 15 meellion fowk bides thare. In 2008 Beijing hostit the Olympic Gemmes.

Beijing haes a kenspeckle history. Syne the Jin deenasty, Beijing's been the caipital for mony deenasties, sic as the Yuan, Ming, Qing, an ithers forby. Thare's mony places o historic interest in Beijing. Thir places includes the Simmer Pailace, the Temple o Heiven, an the Great Waw o Cheenae.

Name

Beijing means "the northren caipital" in the Cheenae leid. It wis ance a coonterpairt tae Nanjing, "the soothren caipital", durin the Ming Deenasty. This deenasty gied Beijing its name.

History

The middle o Beijing wis settelt in the 1st millennium BC. In thae days, the Kinrick o Yan (?) set up thair caipital whaur Beijing is the day. Thay cried it Ji (?). Efter the Kinrick o Yan wis malafoustert, the ceity becam wee-er, awtho it wis still an important place.

Beijing becam mair important again in the 10t century, whan the Jin deenasty set its caipital thare. This ceity wis malafoustert bi Mongol arimies in 1215. Then in 1267, Mongols biggit a new ceity on the north lip o the Jin caipital, an cried it "Great Caipital" (??). That wis the beginnin o modren Beijing. Whan Kublai Khan, the Mongolian monarch, set up the Yuan deenasty, this ceity becam his caipital.

The Yuan, Ming, an Qing deenasties aw uised Beijing as thair caipitals. Whan the Qing deenasty tint pouer an the Republic o Cheenae wis establisht, the new Republic muived its caipital fae Beijing tae Nanjing. Whan the communists claucht pouer an estaiblisht the Fowk's Republic, Beijing becam the caipital o Cheenae ance again.

Internaitional relations

Twin touns — sister ceeties

Beijing haes numerous twin touns an sister ceeties aroond the warld, mony o them the caipitals o thair respective kintras:^[6]^[7]

Tokyo, Japan (1979) Belgrade, Serbie (1980) New York Ceety, Unitit States (1980)^[8] Lima, Peru (1983) Washington D.C., Unitit States (1984)^[9] Madrid, Spain (1985) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (1986) Île-de-France, Fraunce (1987) Cologne, Germany (1987) Algiers, Algerie (1989) Amman, Jordan (1990) Ankara, Turkey (1990) Cairo, Egyp (1990) Jakarta, Indonesie (1992) Riga, Latvie^[10] São Paulo, Brazil^[11]^[12]	Islamabad, Pakistan (1993) Bangkok, Thailand (1993) Buenos Aires, Argentinae (1993) Kiev, Ukraine (1993) Seoul, Sooth Korea (1993) Amsterdam, Netherlands (1994) Berlin, Germany (1994) Brussels, Belgium (1994) Hanoi, Vietnam (1994) Moscow, Roushie (1995) Gauteng (Johannesburg an Pretoria), Sooth Africae (1998) Ottawa, Canadae (1999) Canberra, Australie (2000)^[13] Athens, Greece (2005) Bucharest, Romanie (2005) Budapest, Hungary (2005)	Havana, Cuba (2005) Manila, Philippines (2005)^[14] Addis Ababa, Ethiopie (2006) Astana, Kazakhstan (2006) Helsinki, Finland (2006) Lunnon, Unitit Kinrick (2006) Tel Aviv, Israel (2006) Wellington, New Zealand (2006) Lisbon, Portugal (2007) Tirana, Albanie (2007)^[15] Doha, Qatar (2008) Santiago, Chile (2008) San José, Costa Rica (2009) Caracas, Venezuela (2010) Dublin, Ireland (2011)

Pairtner ceeties

Beijing haes twa pairtner ceeties, baith in Europe:

Paris, Fraunce (1997)
Roum, Italy (1998)

References

↑ "Township divisions". the Official Website of the Beijing Government. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 22 Julie 2009. Archived 2018-12-25 at the Wayback Machine
↑ "Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and NBS Survey Office in Beijing" (in Inglis). Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. 23 Januar 2019. Archived frae the original on 23 Januar 2019. Retrieved 24 Januar 2019. Archived 2019-01-23 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Cox, W. (2018). Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22. Archived (PDF) frae the original on 3 Mey 2018. Retrieved 15 Juin 2018.
↑ OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015, OECD READ edition. OECD iLibrary. OECD Urban Policy Reviews (in Inglis). OECD. 2015. p. 37. doi:10.1787/9789264230040-en. ISBN 978-92-64-23003-3. ISSN 2306-9341. Archived frae the original on 27 Mairch 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.Linked from the OECD here Archived 9 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine
↑ "2011年北京人均可支配收入3.29万实际增长7.2%". People.com.cn. 20 Januar 2012. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 22 Februar 2012.
↑ "Sister Cities". Beijing Municipal Government. Archived frae the original on 17 Januar 2010. Retrieved 23 Juin 2009.
↑ Paris and Rome are "partner cities" due to an exclusive agreement between those two cities. "Le jumelage avec Rome" (in French). Municipalité de Paris. Archived frae the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 9 Julie 2008.
↑ "NYC's Sister Cities". Sister City Program of the City of New York. 2006. Archived frae the original on 21 Mey 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2008.
↑ "Protocol and International Affairs". DC Office of the Secretary. Archived frae the original on 13 Mey 2008. Retrieved 12 Julie 2008.
↑ "Twin cities of Riga". Riga City Council. Archived frae the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 27 Julie 2009.
↑ Prefeitura.Sp – Descentralized Cooperation Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine
↑ "International Relations – São Paulo City Hall – Official Sister Cities". Prefeitura.sp.gov.br. Retrieved 1 Juin 2010.
↑ "Canberra's international relationships – Canberra's international relationships". cmd.act.gov.au. Retrieved 20 October 2009.
↑ "Sister Cities of Manila". 2008–2009 City Government of Manila. Archived frae the original on 7 Juin 2008. Retrieved 2 Julie 2009. freemit airtin in |publisher= (help)Archived 2008-06-07 at the Wayback Machine
↑ "Twinning Cities: International Relations" (PDF). Municipality of Tirana. tirana.gov.al. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 10 October 2011. Retrieved 23 Juin 2009.

Precedit bi Lin'an (Song Dynasty)	Caipital o Cheenae (as Dadu) 1264–1368	Succeedit bi Nanjing (Ming Dynasty)
Precedit bi Nanjing (Ming Dynasty)	Caipital o Cheenae 1420–1928	Succeedit bi Nanjing (ROC)
Precedit bi Nanjing (ROC)	Caipital o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae 1949–present	Succeedit bi present caipital

[hist-1] "Township divisions". the Official Website of the Beijing Government. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 22 Julie 2009. Archived 2018-12-25 at the Wayback Machine

[bulletin2018-2] "Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics and NBS Survey Office in Beijing" (in Inglis). Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. 23 Januar 2019. Archived frae the original on 23 Januar 2019. Retrieved 24 Januar 2019. Archived 2019-01-23 at the Wayback Machine

[3] Cox, W. (2018). Demographia World Urban Areas. 14th Annual Edition (PDF). St. Louis: Demographia. p. 22. Archived (PDF) frae the original on 3 Mey 2018. Retrieved 15 Juin 2018.

[oecd2015-4] OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015, OECD READ edition. OECD iLibrary. OECD Urban Policy Reviews (in Inglis). OECD. 2015. p. 37. doi:10.1787/9789264230040-en. ISBN 978-92-64-23003-3. ISSN 2306-9341. Archived frae the original on 27 Mairch 2017. Retrieved 8 December 2017.Linked from the OECD here Archived 9 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine

[5] "2011年北京人均可支配收入3.29万实际增长7.2%". People.com.cn. 20 Januar 2012. Archived frae the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 22 Februar 2012.

[6] "Sister Cities". Beijing Municipal Government. Archived frae the original on 17 Januar 2010. Retrieved 23 Juin 2009.

[7] Paris and Rome are "partner cities" due to an exclusive agreement between those two cities. "Le jumelage avec Rome" (in French). Municipalité de Paris. Archived frae the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 9 Julie 2008.

[8] "NYC's Sister Cities". Sister City Program of the City of New York. 2006. Archived frae the original on 21 Mey 2008. Retrieved 1 September 2008.

[Washington_DC-9] "Protocol and International Affairs". DC Office of the Secretary. Archived frae the original on 13 Mey 2008. Retrieved 12 Julie 2008.

["Riga"-10] "Twin cities of Riga". Riga City Council. Archived frae the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 27 Julie 2009.

[São_Paulo-11] Prefeitura.Sp – Descentralized Cooperation Archived 2008-12-24 at the Wayback Machine

[São_Paulo2-12] "International Relations – São Paulo City Hall – Official Sister Cities". Prefeitura.sp.gov.br. Retrieved 1 Juin 2010.

[Canberra-13] "Canberra's international relationships – Canberra's international relationships". cmd.act.gov.au. Retrieved 20 October 2009.

[Manila.Gov-14] "Sister Cities of Manila". 2008–2009 City Government of Manila. Archived frae the original on 7 Juin 2008. Retrieved 2 Julie 2009. freemit airtin in |publisher= (help)Archived 2008-06-07 at the Wayback Machine

[International_relations-15] "Twinning Cities: International Relations" (PDF). Municipality of Tirana. tirana.gov.al. Archived frae the original (PDF) on 10 October 2011. Retrieved 23 Juin 2009.

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