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Wolfgang Kurt Hermann "Pief" Panofsky (Berlim, 24 de abril de 1919 — Los Altos, 24 de setembro de 2007) foi um físico estadunidense nascido na Alemanha.[1]
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Ciência do Comportamento e Social |
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Ciências Biológicas |
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Década de 1960 | |
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Década de 1970 | 1970: Barbara McClintock e Albert Sabin · 1973: Daniel Arnon e Earl Sutherland · 1974: Britton Chance, Erwin Chargaff, James Neel e James Hannon · 1975: Hallowell Davis, Paul Gyorgy, Sterling Hendricks e Orville Vogel · 1976: Roger Guillemin, Keith Roberts Porter, Efraim Racker e Edward Osborne Wilson · 1979: Robert H. Burris, Elizabeth C. Crosby, Arthur Kornberg, Severo Ochoa, Earl Stadtman, George Ledyard Stebbins e Paul Weiss |
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Década de 1980 | 1981: Philip Handler · 1982: Seymour Benzer, Glenn Burton e Mildred Cohn · 1983: Howard Bachrach, Paul Berg, Wendell Lee Roelofs e Berta Scharrer · 1986: Stanley Cohen, Donald Henderson, Vernon Mountcastle, George Palade e Joan A. Steitz · 1987: Michael DeBakey, Theodor Otto Diener, Harry Eagle, Har Khorana e Rita Levi-Montalcini · 1988: Michael Stuart Brown, Stanley Norman Cohen, Joseph Goldstein, Maurice Hilleman, Eric Kandel e Rosalyn Yalow · 1989: Katherine Esau, Viktor Hamburger, Philip Leder, Joshua Lederberg, Roger Sperry e Harland Goff Wood |
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Década de 1990 | 1990: Baruj Benacerraf, Herbert Boyer, Daniel Koshland, Edward Lewis, David Nathan e Edward Donnall Thomas · 1991: Mary Ellen Avery, George Evelyn Hutchinson, Elvin Kabat, Robert Kates, Salvador Luria, Paul Marks, Folke Skoog e Paul Zamecnik · 1992: Maxine Singer e Howard Martin Temin · 1993: Daniel Nathans e Salome G. Waelsch · 1994: Thomas Eisner e Elizabeth Neufeld · 1995: Alexander Rich · 1996: Ruth Patrick · 1997: James Watson e Robert Allan Weinberg · 1998: Bruce Ames e Janet Rowley · 1999: David Baltimore, Jared Diamond e Lynn Margulis |
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Década de 2000 | 2000: Nancy Coover Andreasen, Peter H. Raven e Carl Woese · 2001: Francisco José Ayala, George Bass, Mario Capecchi, Ann Graybiel, Gene Likens, Victor A. McKusick e Harold Varmus · 2002: James E. Darnell e Evelyn M. Witkin · 2003: John Michael Bishop, Solomon Halbert Snyder e Charles Yanofsky · 2004: Norman Borlaug, Phillip Allen Sharp e Thomas Starzl · 2005: Anthony Fauci e Torsten Wiesel · 2006: Rita Colwell, Nina Fedoroff e Lubert Stryer · 2007: Robert Lefkowitz e Bert William O’Malley · 2008: Francis Collins, Elaine Fuchs, Craig Venter · 2009: Susan Lindquist, Stanley Prusiner |
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Química |
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Ciências da Engenharia |
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Década de 1990 | |
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Década de 2010 | |
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Ciências Matemáticas, Estatísticas e Computacionais |
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Década de 2010 | |
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Ciências Físicas |
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Década de 1960 | 1963: Luis Walter Alvarez · 1964: Julian Schwinger, Harold Clayton Urey e Robert Burns Woodward · 1965: John Bardeen, Peter Debye, Leon Max Lederman e William Walden Rubey · 1966: Jacob Bjerknes, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, Henry Eyring, John Hasbrouck Van Vleck e Vladimir Zworykin · 1967: Jesse Beams, Francis Birch, Gregory Breit · Louis Plack Hammett e George Kistiakowsky · 1968: Paul Doughty Bartlett, Herbert Friedman, Lars Onsager e Eugene Paul Wigner · 1969: Herbert Charles Brown e Wolfgang Panofsky |
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Década de 1970 | 1970: Robert Henry Dicke, Allan Rex Sandage, John Clarke Slater, John Archibald Wheeler e Saul Winstein · 1973: Carl Djerassi, William Maurice Ewing, Arie Jan Haagen-Smit, Vladimir Haensel, Frederick Seitz e Robert Rathbun Wilson · 1974: Nicolaas Bloembergen, Paul John Flory, William Alfred Fowler, Linus Pauling e Kenneth Sanborn Pitzer · 1975: Hans Bethe, Joseph Hirschfelder, Lewis Hastings Sarett, Edgar Bright Wilson e Chien-Shiung Wu · 1976: Samuel Abraham Goudsmit, Herbert S. Gutowsky, Frederick Rossini, Verner Suomi, Henry Taube e George Eugene Uhlenbeck · 1979: Richard Feynman, Hermann Mark, Edward Mills Purcell, John Sinfelt, Lyman Spitzer e Victor Weisskopf |
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Década de 1980 | 1982: Philip Warren Anderson, Yoichiro Nambu, Edward Teller e Charles Hard Townes · 1983: Margaret Burbidge, Maurice Goldhaber, Helmut Landsberg, Walter Munk, Frederick Reines, Bruno Rossi e John Robert Schrieffer · 1986: Solomon Buchsbaum, Horace Crane, Herman Feshbach, Robert Hofstadter e Chen Ning Yang · 1987: Philip Abelson, Walter Elsasser, Paul Christian Lauterbur, George Pake e James Van Allen · 1988: David Allan Bromley, Chu Ching-wu, Walter Kohn, Norman Foster Ramsey, Jack Steinberger · 1989: Arnold Orville Beckman, Eugene Parker, Robert Sharp e Henry Stommel |
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- 1915: Thomas Edison, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
- 1916: John Joseph Carty, Theodore William Richards
- 1917: Hendrik Lorentz, David Watson Taylor
- 1918: Guglielmo Marconi, Thomas Corwin Mendenhall
- 1919: James Dewar, George Owen Squier
- 1920: Svante Arrhenius, Charles Algernon Parsons
- 1921: Charles Fabry, Frank Julian Sprague
- 1922: Ralph Modjeski, Joseph John Thomson
- 1923: Gustave-Auguste Ferrié, Albert Abraham Michelson
- 1924: Ernest Rutherford, Edward Weston
- 1925: Elihu Thomson, Pieter Zeeman
- 1926: Niels Bohr, Samuel Rea
- 1927: George Ellery Hale, Max Planck
- 1928: Charles Francis Brush, Walther Nernst
- 1929: Emil Berliner, Charles Thomson Rees Wilson
- 1930: William Henry Bragg, John Frank Stevens
- 1931: James Hopwood Jeans, Willis Rodney Whitney
- 1932: Philipp Lenard, Ambrose Swasey
- 1933: Paul Sabatier, Irmãos Wright
- 1934: Irving Langmuir, Henry Norris Russell
- 1935: Albert Einstein, John Ambrose Fleming
- 1936: Frank Baldwin Jewett, Charles Kettering
- 1937: Peter Debye, Robert Andrews Millikan
- 1938: William Frederick Durand, Charles August Kraus
- 1939: Edwin Powell Hubble, Albert Sauveur
- 1940: Leo Baekeland, Arthur Holly Compton
- 1941: Edwin Armstrong, Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman
- 1942: Jerome Clarke Hunsaker, Paul Dyer Merica
- 1943: George Washington Pierce, Harold Clayton Urey
- 1944: William David Coolidge, Pyotr Kapitsa
- 1945: Harlow Shapley
- 1946: Henry Clapp Sherman, Henry Tizard
- 1947: Enrico Fermi, Robert Robinson
- 1948: Wendell Meredith Stanley, Theodore von Kármán
- 1949: Theodor Svedberg
- 1950: Eugene Paul Wigner
- 1951: James Chadwick
- 1952: Wolfgang Pauli
- 1953: William Francis Gibbs
- 1954: Charles Edward Kenneth Mees
- 1955: Arne Tiselius
- 1956: Frank Whittle
- 1957: Hugh Stott Taylor
- 1958: Donald Wills Douglas
- 1959: Hans Bethe
- 1960: Roger Adams
- 1961: Detlev Bronk
- 1962: Geoffrey Ingram Taylor
- 1963: Glenn Theodore Seaborg
- 1964: Gregory Breit
- 1965: Frederick Seitz
- 1966: Britton Chance
- 1967: Murray Gell-Mann
- 1968: Marshall Nirenberg
- 1969: John Archibald Wheeler
- 1970: Wolfgang Panofsky
- 1971: Hannes Alfvén
- 1972: George Kistiakowsky
- 1973: Theodosius Dobzhansky
- 1974: Nikolai Bogoliubov
- 1975: John Bardeen
- 1976: Mahlon Hoagland
- 1977: Cyril Manton Harris
- 1978: Elias James Corey
- 1979: George Evelyn Hutchinson
- 1980: Avram Goldstein, Lyman Spitzer
- 1981: Stephen Hawking
- 1982: César Milstein, Kenneth Wilson
- 1984: Verner Suomi
- 1985: George Claude Pimentel
- 1986: Benoît Mandelbrot
- 1987: Stanley Cohen
- 1988: Donald Knuth
- 1990: Hugh Huxley, David Turnbull
- 1992: Frederick Reines
- 1995: Gerardus 't Hooft
- 1996: Richard Smalley
- 1997: Mario Capecchi
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