HCoV-229E

Humant koronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) er en art av coronaviridiae som infiserer mennesker og flaggermus.^[1] Det er et innkapslet enkeltstrenget (single-stranded) RNA-virus med positiv sense som trenger inn i vertscellen ved å binde til APN-reseptoren (aminopeptidase N).^[2] Sammen med humant koronavirus OC43 (et medlem av Betacoronavirus-slekten) er det et av de virus som er ansvarlig for forkjølelse.^[3]^[4]

HCoV-229E er medlem av slekten Alphacoronavirus og underslekten Duvinacovirus.^[5]^[6]

HCoV-229E overføres mellom mennesker ved dråper i utåndingsluften og ved fomiter. HCoV-229E kan lede til en rekke luftveissykdommer, fra vanlig forkjølelse til alvorligere sykdommer som lungebetennelse og bronkiolitt. Det er også et av de koronavirus som oftest oppdages sammen med andre virus i luftveiene, spesielt med humant respiratorisk syncytialvirus (HRSV).^[7]^[8]^[9]

Referanser

^ Lim, Yvonne Xinyi; Ng, Yan Ling; Tam, James P.; Liu, Ding Xiang (25. juli 2016). «Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus–Host Interactions». Diseases. 4 (3): 26. PMC 5456285 . PMID 28933406. doi:10.3390/diseases4030026. «See Table 1.»
^ «Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis». Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer. 1282: 1–23. 2015. PMC 4369385 . PMID 25720466. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1. «See Table 1.» − "...Many α-coronaviruses utilize aminopeptidase N (APN) as their receptor, ..."
^ Susanna K. P. Lau, Paul Lee, Alan K. L. Tsang, Cyril C. Y. Yip,1 Herman Tse, Rodney A. Lee, Lok-Yee So, Yu-Lung Lau, Kwok-Hung Chan, Patrick C. Y. Woo, and Kwok-Yung Yuen. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Coronavirus OC43 Reveals Evolution of Different Genotypes over Time and Recent Emergence of a Novel Genotype due to Natural Recombination. J Virology. 2011 November; 85(21): 11325–11337.
^ E. R. Gaunt,1 A. Hardie,2 E. C. J. Claas,3 P. Simmonds,1 and K. E. Templeton. Epidemiology and Clinical Presentations of the Four Human Coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 Detected over 3 Years Using a Novel Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method down-pointing small open triangle. J Clin Microbiol. 2010 August; 48(8): 2940–2947.
^ «Virus Taxonomy: 2018 Release». International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (på engelsk). oktober 2018. Arkivert fra originalen 20. mars 2020. Besøkt 13. januar 2019.
^ Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Huang, Yi; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung (24. august 2010). «Coronavirus Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis». Viruses. 2 (8): 1804–1820. PMC 3185738 . PMID 21994708. doi:10.3390/v2081803. «Figure 2. Phylogenetic analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (Pol) of coronaviruses with complete genome sequences available. The tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining method and rooted using Breda virus polyprotein.»
^ Pene, F., A. Merlat, A. Vabret, F. Rozenberg, A. Buzyn, F. Dreyfus, A. Cariou, F. Freymuth, and P. Lebon. 2003. Coronavirus 229E related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 37:929–932. [PubMed]
^ Vabret, A., T. Mourez, S. Gouarin, J. Petitjean, and F. Freymuth. 2003. An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36:985–989. [PubMed]
^ Woo, P. C. Y., S. K. P. Lau, H. Tsoi, Y. Huang, R. W. S. Poon, C. M. Chu, R. A. Lee, W. K. Luk, G. K. M. Wong, B. H. L. Wong, V. C. C. Cheng, B. S. F. Tang, A. K. L. Wu, R. W. H. Yung, H. Chen, Y. Guan, K. H. Chan, and K. Y. Yuen. 2005. Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1 associated community acquired pneumonia. J. Infect. Dis. 192:1898–1907. [PubMed]

Eksterne lenker

Wikispecies har taksonomi med forbindelse til Human coronavirus 229E
"Human coronavirus 229E, OC43, NL63, HKU1 (RNA) (R-nr. 2058)" hos Ssi.dk, Statens Seruminstitut
Om Human coronaviruses (bl.a. 229E) hos Virology-online.com, Virology online ("Human coronaviruses were first isolated in the mid 1965 from volunteers at the Common Cold Unit. ..."
'Coronaviruses' hos Micro.msb.le.ac.uk, University of Leicester
Alphacoronavirus hos Viralzone.expasy.org, ViralZone, (SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics)
"About the Coronaviridae family" hos Viprbrc.org, Virus Pathogen Resource

[1] Lim, Yvonne Xinyi; Ng, Yan Ling; Tam, James P.; Liu, Ding Xiang (25. juli 2016). «Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus–Host Interactions». Diseases. 4 (3): 26. PMC 5456285 . PMID 28933406. doi:10.3390/diseases4030026. «See Table 1.»

[2] «Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis». Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer. 1282: 1–23. 2015. PMC 4369385 . PMID 25720466. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-2438-7_1. «See Table 1.» − "...Many α-coronaviruses utilize aminopeptidase N (APN) as their receptor, ..."

[3] Susanna K. P. Lau, Paul Lee, Alan K. L. Tsang, Cyril C. Y. Yip,1 Herman Tse, Rodney A. Lee, Lok-Yee So, Yu-Lung Lau, Kwok-Hung Chan, Patrick C. Y. Woo, and Kwok-Yung Yuen. Molecular Epidemiology of Human Coronavirus OC43 Reveals Evolution of Different Genotypes over Time and Recent Emergence of a Novel Genotype due to Natural Recombination. J Virology. 2011 November; 85(21): 11325–11337.

[4] E. R. Gaunt,1 A. Hardie,2 E. C. J. Claas,3 P. Simmonds,1 and K. E. Templeton. Epidemiology and Clinical Presentations of the Four Human Coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 Detected over 3 Years Using a Novel Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method down-pointing small open triangle. J Clin Microbiol. 2010 August; 48(8): 2940–2947.

[ICTV10-5] «Virus Taxonomy: 2018 Release». International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) (på engelsk). oktober 2018. Arkivert fra originalen 20. mars 2020. Besøkt 13. januar 2019.

[:02-6] Woo, Patrick C. Y.; Huang, Yi; Lau, Susanna K. P.; Yuen, Kwok-Yung (24. august 2010). «Coronavirus Genomics and Bioinformatics Analysis». Viruses. 2 (8): 1804–1820. PMC 3185738 . PMID 21994708. doi:10.3390/v2081803. «Figure 2. Phylogenetic analysis of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (Pol) of coronaviruses with complete genome sequences available. The tree was constructed by the neighbor-joining method and rooted using Breda virus polyprotein.»

[7] Pene, F., A. Merlat, A. Vabret, F. Rozenberg, A. Buzyn, F. Dreyfus, A. Cariou, F. Freymuth, and P. Lebon. 2003. Coronavirus 229E related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 37:929–932. [PubMed]

[8] Vabret, A., T. Mourez, S. Gouarin, J. Petitjean, and F. Freymuth. 2003. An outbreak of coronavirus OC43 respiratory infection in Normandy, France. Clin. Infect. Dis. 36:985–989. [PubMed]

[9] Woo, P. C. Y., S. K. P. Lau, H. Tsoi, Y. Huang, R. W. S. Poon, C. M. Chu, R. A. Lee, W. K. Luk, G. K. M. Wong, B. H. L. Wong, V. C. C. Cheng, B. S. F. Tang, A. K. L. Wu, R. W. H. Yung, H. Chen, Y. Guan, K. H. Chan, and K. Y. Yuen. 2005. Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1 associated community acquired pneumonia. J. Infect. Dis. 192:1898–1907. [PubMed]

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