Rampasan kuasa Yugoslavia
 Dušan Simović, Raja Peter II dari Yugoslavia, dan Radoje Knežević di London, Jun 1941. Peter II telah diisytiharkan cukup umur dan ditabalkan sebagai Raja hasil dari rampasan kuasa. | |
| Tarikh | 27 Mac 1941 |
|---|---|
| Lokasi | Belgrade, Kerajaan Yugoslavia |
| Hasil |
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| Kematian | 1 (eksiden)[1] |
Rampasan kuasa Yugoslavia berlaku pada 27 Mac 1941 di Belgrade, Kerajaan Yugoslavia, apabila Majlis Pangkuan Diraja pimpinan Putera Paul dari Yugoslavia telah digulingkan dan Raja Peter II mengambil alih pemerintahan. Ia telah dirancang dan dilaksanakan oleh sekumpulan pegawai nasionalis-Serbia Tentera Udara Diraja Yugoslavia yang pro-Barat pimpinan panglimanya, Jeneral Dušan Simović, yang telah dikaitkan dengan beberapa plot putsch dari tahun 1938 keatas. Brigedier Jeneral Tentera Udara Borivoje Mirković, Mejar Živan Knežević dari Pengawal Diraja Yugoslavia, dan abangnya Radoje Knežević adalah penganjur utama untuk menggulingkan kerajaan. Selain Radoje Knežević, beberapa pemimpin awam lain mungkin menyedari plot tersebut sebelum ia dilancarkan dan mula menyokongnya setelah ia berlaku, tetapi mereka bukanlah antara penganjur.
Parti Komunis Yugoslavia tidak memainkan peranan dalam kudeta ini, walaupun ia memberikan sumbangan yang signifikan terhadap demonstrasi jalanan besar-besaran di kebanyakan bandar-bandar yang menandakan sokongan rakyat kepadanya setelah ia berlaku. Putsch berjaya dan menggulingkan tiga anggota majlis pangkuan diraja: Putera Paul, Radenko Stanković and Ivo Perović, dan kerajaan Perdana Menteri Dragiša Cvetković. Dua hari sebelum penggulingan mereka, kerajaan Cvetković telah menandatangani Protokol Vienna mengenai Penerimaan Yugoslavia ke dalam Pakatan Tiga Pihak (Paksi). Kudeta telahpun dirancang selama beberapa bulan, tetapi penandatanganan Pakatan Tiga Pihak mendorong penganjur untuk melaksanakannya, digalakkan oleh Eksekutif Operasi Khas British.
Para konspirator tentera mengembalikan kuasa kepada Raja Peter II yang berusia 17 tahun, iaitu orang yang mereka isytihar cukup umur untuk ambil alih takhta, dan sebuah kerajaan perpaduan nasional yang lemah dan berpecah-belah telah dibentuk dengan Simović sebagai perdana menteri dan Vladko Maček serta Slobodan Jovanović sebagai timbalan perdana menteri. Kudeta ini telah menyebabkan kuasa Paksi pimpinan Jerman untuk menceroboh Yugoslavia. Kepentingan putsch dan pencerobohan berikutnya telah menunda Operasi Barbarossa, iaitu pencerobohan Paksi ke atas Soviet Union, masih terbuka untuk dibahaskan. Pada tahun 1972 sejarawan tentera Martin van Creveld menolak idea yang menegaskan bahawa pencerobohan Yugoslavia sebenarnya membantu dan mempercepatkan kempen Balkan secara keseluruhan, dan bahawa faktor-faktor lain menentukan tarikh permulaan Operasi Barbarossa, akan tetapi penemuan terkini oleh Profesor Craig Stockings dan Hancock telah menyimpulkan yang Operasi 25, (pencerobohan Yugoslavia) sedikit sebanyak menyumbang kepada kelewatan pencerobohan Jerman ke atas Soviet Union.
Nota dan petikan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ Tomasevich 1969, m/s. 67.
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Buku
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Laman web
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