Tin(IV) iodide
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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name
tin(IV) iodide
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| Other names
tin tetraiodide
stannic iodide | |||
| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |||
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.281 | ||
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |||
| SnI4 | |||
| Molar mass | 626.328 g mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | red-orange solid | ||
| Density | 4.56 g cm−3 | ||
| Melting point | 143 °C (289 °F; 416 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 348.5 °C (659.3 °F; 621.6 K) | ||
Refractive index (nD)
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2.106 | ||
| Structure | |||
| Cubic, cP40 | |||
| Pa-3 No. 205 | |||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions
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Tin(IV) fluoride Tin(IV) chloride Tin(IV) bromide | ||
Other cations
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Carbon tetraiodide Silicon tetraiodide Germanium tetraiodide | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Tin(IV) iodide, also known as stannic iodide, is the chemical compound with the formula SnI4. This tetrahedral molecule crystallizes as a bright orange solid that dissolves readily in nonpolar solvents such as benzene.[1]
Preparation
[edit]The compound is usually prepared by the reaction of iodine and tin:[2]
- Sn + 2I2 → SnI4
Chemical properties
[edit]The compound hydrolyses in water.[3] In aqueous hydroiodic acid, it reacts to form a rare example of a hexaiodometallate:[2]
- SnI4 + 2 I− → [SnI6]2−
Physical properties
[edit]Tin(IV) iodide is an orange solid under standard conditions.[3] It has a cubic crystal structure with the space group Pa3 (space group no. 205), the lattice parameter a = 1226 pm and eight formula units per unit cell.[4] This corresponds approximately to a cubic close packing of iodine atoms in which 1/8 of all tetrahedral gaps are occupied by tin atoms. This leads to discrete tetrahedral SnI4 molecules.[5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Chemistry : Periodic Table : tin : compound data [tin (IV) iodide]
- ^ a b Moeller, T.; Edwards, D. C. (1953). Tin(IV) Iodide (Stannic Iodide). Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 4. pp. 119–121. doi:10.1002/9780470132357.ch40.
- ^ a b Hickling, George G. (Aug 1990). "Gravimetric analysis: The synthesis of tin iodide". Journal of Chemical Education. 67 (8): 702. Bibcode:1990JChEd..67..702H. doi:10.1021/ed067p702. ISSN 0021-9584.
- ^ Meller, F.; Fankuchen, I. (1955-06-10). "The crystal structure of tin tetraiodide". Acta Crystallographica. 8 (6): 343–344. Bibcode:1955AcCry...8..343M. doi:10.1107/S0365110X55001035. ISSN 0365-110X.
- ^ Wiberg, Egon; Wiberg, Nils (2007). Holleman, Arnold F.; Fischer, Gerd (eds.). Lehrbuch der anorganischen Chemie (102., stark umgearbeitete und verbesserte Auflage ed.). Berlin New York: Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-017770-1.