Savoronala

Savoronala
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Lecanoromycetes
Order:	Lecanorales
Family:	Malmideaceae
Genus:	Savoronala; Ertz, Eb.Fisch., Killmann, Razafindr. & Sérus. (2013)
Species:	S. madagascariensis
Binomial name
	Savoronala madagascariensis; Ertz, Eb.Fisch., Killmann, Razafindr. & Sérus. (2013)

Savoronala is a fungal genus in the family Malmideaceae.^[1] It is monotypic, containing the single species Savoronala madagascariensis. This lichen produces unique conidia (asexual spores) that each include a single algal cell.

Taxonomy

Both the genus and the specie were described as new in 2013 by Damian Ertz, Eberhard Fischer, Dorothee Killmann, Tahina Razafindrahaja, and Emmanuël Sérusiaux. The type specimen was collected in Tôlanaro, Madagascar, in a coastal Erica-grassland. It was found growing on the stem of an Erica shrub. The lichen is known only from the type locality. The area it was collected from is under pressure because of habitat destruction, charcoal production, and a nearby giant mine of ilmenite.^[2]

Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed Savoronala be part of Malmideaceae,^[2] a family circumscribed in 2011.^[3]

Description

Several features characterize the genus Savoronala. It produces small thalli that are pale glaucous and placodioid (crustose at the centre and lobed at the periphery). The photobiont partner is chlorococcoid green algae. The lichen makes pale cream stipes that bear grayish-blue sporodochia at the tips. Conidia (asexual spores) are associated and dispersed with an algal cell and later become dark brown.^[2]

References

^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ertz, Damien; Fischer, Eberhard; Killmann, Dorothee; Razafindrahaja, Tahina; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël (2013). "Savoronala, a new genus of Malmideaceae (Lecanorales) from Madagascar with stipes producing sporodochia". Mycological Progress. 12 (4): 645–656. doi:10.1007/s11557-012-0871-5.
^ Kalb, K.; Rivas Plata, E.; Lücking, R.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2011). "The phylogenetic position of Malmidea, a new genus for the Lecidea piperis- and Lecanora granifera-groups (Lecanorales, Malmideaceae), inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences, with special reference to Thai species". Bibliotheca Lichenologica. 106: 143–168.

[Wijayawardene_et_al._2020-1] Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.

[Ertz_et_al._2013-2] Ertz, Damien; Fischer, Eberhard; Killmann, Dorothee; Razafindrahaja, Tahina; Sérusiaux, Emmanuël (2013). "Savoronala, a new genus of Malmideaceae (Lecanorales) from Madagascar with stipes producing sporodochia". Mycological Progress. 12 (4): 645–656. doi:10.1007/s11557-012-0871-5.

[Kalb_et_al._2011-3] Kalb, K.; Rivas Plata, E.; Lücking, R.; Lumbsch, H.T. (2011). "The phylogenetic position of Malmidea, a new genus for the Lecidea piperis- and Lecanora granifera-groups (Lecanorales, Malmideaceae), inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal DNA sequences, with special reference to Thai species". Bibliotheca Lichenologica. 106: 143–168.

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