Portal:1970s

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P:1970s

The 1970s (pronounced "nineteen-seventies"; commonly shortened to the "Seventies" or the "'70s") was a decade that began on January 1, 1970, and ended on December 31, 1979.

In the 21st century, historians have increasingly portrayed the 1970s as a "pivot of change" in world history, focusing especially on the economic upheavals^[1] that followed the end of the postwar economic boom.^[2] On a global scale, it was characterized by frequent coups, domestic conflicts and civil wars, and various political upheavals and armed conflicts which arose from or were related to decolonization, and the global struggle between NATO, the Warsaw Pact, and the Non-Aligned Movement. Many regions had periods of high-intensity conflict, notably Southeast Asia, the Mideast, and Africa.

In the Western world, social progressive values that began in the 1960s, such as increasing political awareness and economic liberty of women, continued to grow. In the United Kingdom, the 1979 election resulted in the victory of its Conservative leader Margaret Thatcher, the first female British Prime Minister. Industrialized countries experienced an economic recession due to an oil crisis caused by oil embargoes by the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries. The crisis saw the first instance of stagflation which began a political and economic trend of the replacement of Keynesian economic theory with neoliberal economic theory, with the first neoliberal government coming to power with the 1973 Chilean coup d'état. The 1970s was also an era of great technological and scientific advances; since the appearance of the first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004 in 1971, the decade was characterised by a profound transformation of computing units – by then rudimentary, spacious machines – into the realm of portability and home accessibility.

On the other hand, there were also great advances in fields such as physics, which saw the consolidation of quantum field theory at the end of the decade, mainly thanks to the confirmation of the existence of quarks and the detection of the first gauge bosons in addition to the photon, the Z boson and the gluon, part of what was christened in 1975 as the Standard Model.

In Asia, the People's Republic of China's international relations changed significantly following its recognition by the United Nations, the death of Mao Zedong and the beginning of market liberalization by Mao's successors. Despite facing an oil crisis due to the OPEC embargo, the economy of Japan witnessed a large boom in this period, overtaking the economy of West Germany to become the second-largest in the world.^[3] The United States withdrew its military forces from the Vietnam War. In 1979, the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan, which led to the Soviet–Afghan War.

The 1970s saw an initial increase in violence in the Middle East as Egypt and Syria declared war on Israel, but in the late 1970s, the situation in the Middle East was fundamentally altered when Egypt signed the Egyptian–Israeli Peace Treaty. Political tensions in Iran exploded with the Iranian Revolution in 1979, which overthrew the Pahlavi dynasty and established an Islamic republic under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini.

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One of the variants of the Atari "Fuji" logo

Atari (/əˈtɑːri/) is a brand name that has been owned by several entities since its inception in 1972. It is currently owned by French holding company Atari SA (formerly Infogrames). The original Atari, Inc., founded in Sunnyvale, California, United States in 1972 by Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney, was a pioneer in arcade games, home video game consoles, and home computers. The company's products, such as Pong and the Atari 2600, helped define the electronic entertainment industry from the 1970s to the mid-1980s.

In 1984, as a result of the video game crash of 1983, the assets of the home console and computer divisions of the original Atari Inc. were sold off to Jack Tramiel's Tramel Technology Ltd., which then renamed itself to Atari Corporation, while the remaining part of Atari, Inc. was renamed Atari Games Inc. In early 1985, Warner established a new corporation jointly with Namco subsequently named Atari Games Corporation, which took control of Atari's coin-operated games division. The rights to Atari, Inc.'s game properties were shared between the two companies: Atari Corporation receiving the trademarks and the home rights, while Atari Games receiving the rights to use the logo and brand name with appended text "Games" on arcade products. In 1996, Atari Corporation reverse-merged with disk-drive manufacturer JT Storage (JTS) and effectively perished. In 1998, Hasbro Interactive, part of the toy company Hasbro, acquired all Atari Corporation–related properties from JTS, as part of a subsidiary which it then renamed to Atari Interactive. Meanwhile, Atari Games was acquired by Midway Games in 1996, and effectively retired the Atari name on arcades by 2000 to avoid public confusion with Hasbro's Atari home releases. (Full article...)

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... that in the 1970s, residents of the Belnord in New York City had to sneak in refrigerators at night?
... that during the 1970s, future Indonesian president Habibie would go to a specific noodle shop every lunchtime?
... that the 4,000-year-old Ravenswood standing stone now lies in a cul-de-sac in a 1970s Scottish housing estate?
... that thousands of Greenlandic women and girls had intrauterine devices placed without their consent during the 1960s and 1970s?
... that an English country house was the location for the 1970s horror sexploitation films Virgin Witch, Satan's Slave and Terror?
... that American teenagers of the 1960s and 1970s used to chat and arrange dates over the sound of the busy signal?

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Official portrait, 1978

James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American former politician and humanitarian who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party, he served from 1963 to 1967 in the Georgia State Senate and from 1971 to 1975 as the 76th governor of Georgia. Carter is the longest-lived president in U.S. history and the first to live to 100 years of age.

Carter was born and raised in Plains, Georgia. He graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1946 and joined the U.S. Navy's submarine service. Carter returned home after his military service and revived his family's peanut-growing business. Opposing racial segregation, Carter supported the growing civil rights movement, and became an activist within the Democratic Party. He served in the Georgia State Senate from 1963 to 1967 and then as Governor of Georgia from 1971 to 1975. As a dark-horse candidate not well known outside Georgia, Carter won the Democratic nomination and narrowly defeated the incumbent president, Gerald Ford of the Republican Party, in the 1976 presidential election. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various 1970s-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Alan Bennett in 1973, wearing a wide necktie (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 2Los Angeles high school students, 1973. The tousled, blond surfer hair was popular for young men in southern California. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 3Diane von Fürstenberg's wrap dress, designed in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 4Pong (1972) (from 1970s)
Image 5Anti-war protest against the Vietnam War in Washington, D.C., on April 24, 1971. (from 1970s)
Image 6Haile Selassie was overthrown from power in Ethiopia, ending one of the longest-lasting monarchies in world history. (from 1970s)
Image 7Line at a gas station in Maryland, June 15, 1979. (from 1970s)
Image 8Siouxsie Sioux of the English punk group Siouxsie and the Banshees. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 9AC/DC, August 1979 (from 1970s in music)
Image 10Kansas (from 1970s in music)
Image 11Concorde landing at Farnborough in September 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 121970 Dodge Challenger Trans Am, an example of a muscle car in the earlier part of the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 13Salah Zulfikar and Zubaida Tharwat in The Other Man (1973) (from 1970s)
Image 14British rock band Killing Floor, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 15Two women in 1979 wear the trendy tube tops, while the woman on the far left is wearing a rayon strapless dress (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 16In the 1970s, women's hair was usually worn long with a centre parting (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 17Ramones's lead guitarist Johnny Ramone performing in Toronto, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 18Magnavox Odyssey (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 19Girl in 1973 with a "flicked" hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 20Susana Giménez wearing hotpants, 1977 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 21Singer Rod Stewart performing in 1976. He was one of the major British soft rock artists of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 22The Vietnam War (1955–1975) (from 1970s)
Image 231974 Ford Mustang interior (from 1970s)
Image 24Pink Floyd performing The Dark Side of the Moon in 1973, the highest-selling album of the decade and one of the highest-selling of all time. (from 1970s)
Image 25Pakistan Army General A. A. K. Niazi signing surrender agreement before Sh. Jagjit Singh Aurora of Indian Army after getting defeated in the 1971 Bangladesh Liberation War against East Pakistan, which eventually liberated as Bangladesh later. (from 1970s)
Image 26 Fairchild Channel F (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 27Loretta Lynn (from 1970s in music)
Image 28Led Zeppelin, 1977 (from 1970s in music)
Image 29Typical mid to late 1970s Ted gear, as worn by Shakin' Stevens. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 30American casual attire, 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 31Debby Boone song "You Light Up My Life" had the most weeks at number one (from 1970s in music)
Image 32Elton John was one of the most commercially successful solo pop acts of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 33A West German school girl with Schultüte in 1970, with a 'hippyish' outfit on. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 34Idi Amin (from 1970s)
Image 35The CN Tower was completed in 1976, becoming the world's tallest free-standing structure. (from 1970s)
Image 36Example of glam rock costume worn by Roy Wood and Wizzard, early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 37The Eagles (from 1970s in music)
Image 38TRS-80 (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 39British singer Rod Stewart, 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 40Singer Barry Manilow wears his hair longish in the soft, layered style favoured by men in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 41Clockwise from top left: U.S. President Richard Nixon doing the V for Victory sign after his resignation from office following the Watergate scandal in 1974; The United States was still involved in the Vietnam War in the early decade. The New York Times leaked information regarding the nation's involvement in the war. Political pressure led to America's withdrawal from the war in 1973, and the Fall of Saigon in 1975 leading to evacuations of South Vietnamese that same year; the 1973 oil crisis causes a financial crisis throughout the developed world; both the leaders of Israel and Egypt shake hands after the signing of the Camp David Accords in 1978; in 1971, the Pakistan Armed Forces commits the 1971 Bangladesh genocide to curb independence movements in East Pakistan, killing 300,000 to 3,000,000 people; this consequently leads to the Bangladesh Liberation War; the 1970 Bhola cyclone kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan in November 1970, and became the deadliest natural disaster in 40 years; the Iranian Revolution of 1979 ousts Mohammad Reza Pahlavi who is later replaced by an Islamic theocracy led by Ayatollah Khomeini; the popularity of the disco music genre and subculture peaks during the mid-to-late 1970s.
(from 1970s)
Image 42Rigo Tovar (from 1970s in music)
Image 43Punk pioneer Lene Lovich in 1979, with her trademark long plaited hair. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 44Debbie Harry of Blondie in 1977. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 45Iranian prince Reza Pahlavi wearing Peacock Revolution-inspired velvet Nehru jacket and geometric print scarf, 1973. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 46Mao Zedong wearing gray Zhongshan suit, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 47Woman in miniskirt, 1970 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 48Aldo Moro (from 1970s)
Image 49Aerosmith had seven studio albums chart on the Billboard 200 in the 1970s. Their success in the decade, particularly of their albums Toys in the Attic (1975) and Rocks (1976), helped inspire future rock artists such as Slash and Kurt Cobain (from 1970s in music)
Image 50The 1970 Bhola cyclone, considered the 20th century's worst cyclone disaster, kills an estimated 500,000 people in the densely populated Ganges Delta region of East Pakistan during November 1970. (from 1970s)
Image 51Willie Nelson became one of the most popular country music artists during the 1970s. (from 1970s in music)
Image 52Singer Billy Preston in 1974 wearing an Afro hairstyle. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 53Nixon displays the V-for-victory sign as he departs the White House after resigning (from 1970s)
Image 54Hank Williams (from 1970s in music)
Image 55Egyptian military vehicles crossing the Suez Canal on October 7, 1973, during the Yom Kippur War. (from 1970s)
Image 561973 Volvo P1800 sportwagon. (from 1970s)
Image 57Polistil VG2 Pong clone (1978), made in Italy (from 1970s in video games)
Image 58Viking 1, the first of two spacecraft sent to Mars, takes this picture of the landing site in Chryse Planitia (1978) (from 1970s)
Image 59Bruce Lee fostered the popularity of martial arts cinema (from 1970s)
Image 60The early 1970s' fashions were a continuation of the hippie look from the late 1960s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 61Three Los Angeles Chicanos in 1974. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 62Flared jeans and trousers were popular with both sexes as can be seen at this East German disco party in 1977. In the socialist part of Germany (until 1990), the government regarded western influences on cultural life of their population very critical, but factually tolerated them in many fields. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 63Footballer George Best wore long hair in 1976. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 64Intellivision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 65Two punks from the late 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 66Apple II (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 67British girls in 1975 in flared jeans (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 68Park Chung Hee (from 1970s)
Image 69VT100 (1978) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 70English girl in the mid-1970s wearing a wide-sleeved shirt, belted at the waist. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 71Queen, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 72An artist impression of an American Apollo spacecraft and Soviet Soyuz spacecraft docking, a propaganda portrait for the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project mission (from 1970s)
Image 73Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat shake hands, Camp David, 1978 (from 1970s)
Image 74Dave Schultz won Stanley Cup two times (from 1970s)
Image 75Microvision (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 76Asteroids (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 77A young woman wearing a wrap dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 78Linda Ronstadt in 1976 (from 1970s in music)
Image 79Honda Civic sold well throughout the decade. (from 1970s)
Image 80Henry Mancini (from 1970s in music)
Image 81Frisbee player Ken Westerfield wearing draw string bell bottoms in the 1970s (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 82Actress Camille Keaton in 1972. Throughout most of the decade, women preferred light, natural-looking make-up for the daytime. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 831976 flyer advertising the racing game Fonz (from 1970s in video games)
Image 841979 Iranian Revolution (from 1970s)
Image 85Swedish model Ulla Jones dressed in a lurex halter top and matching flared trousers (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 86Pink Floyd, 1973 (from 1970s in music)
Image 87Isabel Perón becomes the first woman President of Argentina in 1974 and the first woman non-monarch head of state in the Western hemisphere. (from 1970s)
Image 88African American couple, Michigan Avenue, Chicago, July 1975 (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 89Steve McQueen with sideburns, 1972. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 90Paul Anka in 1961 (from 1970s in music)
Image 91El Tri Band founder Alex Lora, on stage with the band in 2006 (from 1970s in music)
Image 92John Denver, 1975 (from 1970s in music)
Image 93Redd Foxx and Demond Wilson from Sanford and Son (from 1970s)
Image 94A couple at prom in late 1970s: Powder Tuxedo and sleeved dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 95Margaret Thatcher shortly before becoming the United Kingdom's first woman Prime Minister in 1979. Thatcher's political and economic agenda began the first government committed to neoliberalism. (from 1970s)
Image 96Bob Marley, 1980 (from 1970s in music)
Image 97Commodore PET (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 98Apollo 17 Astronaut Gene Cernan becomes the last man on the Moon, December 13, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 99Death Race (1976) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 100Silk scarves were popular fashion accessories for women in the 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 101Mid-70s Western-inspired outifts worn by country music group Asleep at the Wheel. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 102Fashion models in Leipzig, GDR, 1972. One of the girls is modelling a "maxi" dress. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 103Charlie Rich (from 1970s in music)
Image 104The Bee Gees, in 1968 (from 1970s in music)
Image 105British rock band Queen (pictured here in 1977) was considered to be one of the most influential bands of the '70s (as well as the '80s), along with American rock band Eagles and others (from 1970s)
Image 106The world map of military alliances in 1970s: Western allies (blue), Non-aligned countries (green) and Soviet allies (red) (from 1970s)
Image 107Pong arcade machine (1972) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 108David Bowie in the early 1970s. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 109Jose Jose (from 1970s in music)
Image 110Home Pong console (museum recreation) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 111America's first space station Skylab in orbit February 8, 1974 (from 1970s)
Image 112In 1971 hotpants and bell-bottomed trousers were popular fashion trends (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 113Galaxian (1979) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 114A Women's Liberation march in Washington, D.C., 1970 (from 1970s)
Image 115Color TV-Game (1977) (from 1970s in video games)
Image 116The Swedish band ABBA was one of the most commercially successful European bands of the 1970s (from 1970s in music)
Image 117By the early 1970s, miniskirts had reached an all-time popularity. This young English woman is wearing a fringed suede miniskirt, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 118The British band The Bee Gees were one of the biggest musical acts of the 1970s leading the disco phenomenon (from 1970s in music)
Image 119Swedish model Efva Attling in a "midi" dress, Kings Road, London, 1971. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 120Voyager 1 passing by Jupiter's Great Red Spot February 25, 1979 (from 1970s)
Image 121Nixon and Zhou toast, 1972 (from 1970s)
Image 122American First Lady Pat Nixon wears a shirt with the wide collar that was popular until the final years of the decade. (from 1970s in fashion)
Image 123King Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (from 1970s)
Image 124United States President Jimmy Carter and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT II treaty, June 18, 1979, in Vienna, Austria (from 1970s)
Image 125Microvision (1979) is the first handheld game console that used interchangeable cartridges. (from 1970s)
Image 126British rock band Led Zeppelin was one of the most popular and influential bands of the 1970s. The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound has led them to be cited as one of the progenitors of heavy metal. (from 1970s)

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