Phragmoteuthida

Phragmoteuthida; Temporal range: Permian - Jurassic
	Comparation of hard parts of Phragmoteuthida, Belemnitida and Diplobelida
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Cephalopoda
Superorder:	†Belemnoidea
Order:	†Phragmoteuthida; Jeletzky in Sweet, 1964
Families
	See text.

Phragmoteuthida is an order of extinct coleoid cephalopods^[1] characterized by a fan-like teuthoid pro-ostracum attached to a belemnoid-like phragmocone.

Diagnosis

Jeletzky^[1] characterized phragmoteuthids as having a large tripartite, fanlike pro-ostracum forming the longest portion of the shell, attached to about three-quarters of the circumference of a comparatively small breviconic phragmocone with short camerae and superficially belemnitid-like siphuncle, an absent or much reduced rostrum at the apical part of the phragmocone, belemnite-like arm hooks, an ink sack, beaks resembling those of Recent teuthids, and a muscular mantle.

Donovan (2006), gives a similar description for Phragmoteuthis: Phragmocones as having an apical angle of between 20 and 30 degrees, and relatively few chambers compared with belemnoids; a multi-layered conotheca, thick-walled siphuncle, and a long, three-lobed pro-ostracum as in the Triassic species. Arms are short and bear pairs of slightly curved hooks.^[2]

Classification

Order †Phragmoteuthida
- Family †Phragmoteuthididae
  - Genus †Permoteuthis
  - Genus †Phragmoteuthis
  - "unnamed form"
- Family †Rhiphaeoteuthidae
  - Genus †Rhiphaeoteuthis

References

^ ^a ^b Doguzhaeva, L. (2002). "Adolescent bactritoid, orthoceroid, ammonoid and coleoid shells from the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian of the South Urals" (PDF). Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt. 57: 9–55.
^ Donovan, D.T. (May 2006). "Phragmoteuthida (Cephalopoda: coleoidea) from the Jurassic of Dorset, England". Palaeontology. 49 (3): 673–684. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00552.x. S2CID 128893474.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)

[Doguzhaeva-1] Doguzhaeva, L. (2002). "Adolescent bactritoid, orthoceroid, ammonoid and coleoid shells from the Upper Carboniferous and Lower Permian of the South Urals" (PDF). Abhandlungen der Geologischen Bundesanstalt. 57: 9–55.

[2] Donovan, D.T. (May 2006). "Phragmoteuthida (Cephalopoda: coleoidea) from the Jurassic of Dorset, England". Palaeontology. 49 (3): 673–684. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00552.x. S2CID 128893474.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)

[1]