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Michael Baker (epidemiologist)

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Michael Baker
MNZM
Baker in 2021
Born
Michael George Baker
CitizenshipNew Zealand
Board member ofNZ Drug Foundation
Academic background
Alma mater
Academic work
Discipline
InstitutionsUniversity of Otago

Michael George Baker MNZM is an epidemiologist and a professor of public health at the University of Otago.[1] Baker has worked as an advisor and member of multiple organisations. Notably, Baker is a member of the New Zealand Food Safety Authority's Academy and of the New Zealand Ministry of Health's Pandemic Influenza Technical Advisory Group (PITAG).[2][3][4]

Early life

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Baker has an identical twin brother, David, who is a general practitioner in Sydney, Australia. The twins are the eldest of four children. They attended secondary school in Hamilton and medical school at the University of Auckland.[5] Michael Baker studied at the University of Otago, where he graduated with Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBChB) and earned a Diploma in Public Health, and the University of Auckland where he obtained a Diploma in Obstetrics.[6]

Career

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He originally wanted to specialise in emergency medicine or psychiatry, but got a job in Wellington as a medical advisor for the Minister of Health. In that role he worked on the response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, and helped to set up a needle exchange programme.[7]

He was appointed to the faculty at the University of Otago in 1997, rising to the rank of professor in the Department of Public Health at the University of Otago, Wellington in 2013.[6]

He has campaigned to reduce campylobacter contamination in chicken in New Zealand.[1]

University of Otago

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Baker is currently the director of Health Environment & Infection Research Unit (HEIRU) and Public Health Communication Centre (PHCC).[8][9]

COVID-19 pandemic

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In January 2020, Baker began to read reports about the COVID-19 outbreak in China, and he was asked to join the Ministry of Health's COVID-19 Technical Advisory Group.[7] In February 2020 he was advocating with colleagues at the University of Otago to 'stamp out' COVID-19 in New Zealand and keep it out, rather than trying to 'flatten the curve'.[7] The Government eventually introduced a countrywide lockdown.

In April 2020, Baker stated that New Zealand had the "most decisive and strongest lockdown in the world at the moment" and that it is the only Western country where the goal is to eliminate COVID-19.[10] Baker thinks we will look back on COVID-19 as "the most profound public health intervention in our history".[7]

In October 2021, Baker advocated a regional approach to countering the Delta variant outbreak in Auckland that began in August 2021. He argued that a regional approach would allow Auckland to pursue a suppression approach while the rest of the country could continue with an elimination strategy.[11]

In November 2021, Baker and several fellow University of Otago academics including Dr Lucy Telfar Barnard, Dr Jennifer Summers, and Lesley Gray criticised the Managed Isolation and Quarantine (MIQ) system's requirement that vaccinated travellers be tested as "inconsistent and arbitrary," asserting that they posed a lower risk of contracting COVID-19 than Aucklanders during the Delta variant.[12]

In December 2021, Baker expressed concerns that the Government's new COVID-19 Protection Framework ("traffic light system") in and abandonment of internal borders could lead to a rise in cases but added that the infection could be blunted by vaccination efforts and the warmer summer weather. He credited vaccination, contact tracing and the previous Alert Level 3 lockdown with helping to combat the spread of the virus in 2021.[13] In mid-December, Baker advocated that the Government delay its planned reopening of New Zealand's borders in January 2022 to counter the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. He also stated that New Zealand was one of the few countries alongside Taiwan, China and some Australian states to have a "robust border quarantine system."[14]

In early January 2022, Baker questioned the effectiveness of the "traffic light system" in dealing with Omicron community outbreaks and has advocated localised lockdowns. He has also expressed support for the Government's moves to lower the waiting period between second vaccines doses and booster shots from six to four months and encouraged the vaccination of children.[15]

In February 2022, Baker expressed concerns that the Ministry of Health's daily COVID-19 reports underestimated infections within the community since many of the infected took several days to develop symptoms of COVID-19. He also credited the country's "traffic light settings" and contact tracing efforts with slowing the spread of COVID-19 in comparison to overseas.[16]

In early September 2022, Baker advocated scrapping the "traffic light system" in favour of moving the country towards a "more straightforward system." Baker's remarks accompanies reports that the Government was considering abandoning the "traffic light system" when it reviewed New Zealand's COVID-19 settings later in the month.[17]

In mid-October 2022, Baker advocated the reinstatement of a form of the alert level system after the country reported its first case of the Omicron subvariant BQ.1.1 on 13 October.[18]

In early November 2022, Baker advocated reinstating mask requirements for public transportation and flights to combat rising COVID-19 hospitalisation and death rates caused by the third wave of COVID-19 sweeping through New Zealand in 2022.[19]

On 10 April 2023, Baker urged the New Zealand Government to retain the few remaining COVID-19 restrictions including the mandatory seven-day isolation period for positive cases and mask wearing at hospitals.[20] In response to rising case numbers, hospitalisations and deaths reported on 17 April, Baker stated that New Zealand was experiencing its fourth wave of COVID-19 infections. Baker advocated encouraging people to get the new Covid vaccine booster, isolate if they are infected, and wear facemasks in poorly ventilated environments.[21]

Honours and awards

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In 2013, Baker was awarded the HRC Liley Medal for his contribution to the health and medical sciences.[22] He was a joint recipient of the Shorland Medal in 2019 for his work with the SHIVERS team of influenza researchers.[23]

In the 2021 New Year Honours, Baker was appointed a Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to public health science.[24]

Baker received the 2020 Prime Minister's Science Communication Prize, recognising his 2000+ interviews on COVID-19 since January 2020.[25] He was awarded the 2021 Cranwell Medal for science communication by the New Zealand Association of Scientists.[26] In 2022, he was awarded the Callaghan Medal by the Royal Society Te Apārangi for "science-informed commentary on the Covid-19 pandemic and other major public health issues in Aotearoa New Zealand".[27]

Personal life

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Baker lives in Brooklyn, Wellington, with his family.[1]

The Big House

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Baker owns The Big House, a notable 21 room property constructed in the 1870s in Parnell, Auckland.[28][29] In 1981, Baker, a then–medical student living in the attic, purchased the run–down house to prevent its likely demolition upon the Mercep family trust's decision for its sale. Later, Baker established a unique living arrangement, creating a house constitution that employs consensus decision–making and regular house meetings.[28][29]

The Big House was built in the mid–1870s for now–dissolved Melmerly Collegiate School for girls. Former notable students include, Princess Te Puea Hērangi, and aviator Jean Batten.[28] The house has been subject to media coverage due to associated residents and notable events such as a balcony collapse in 2005.[30][31]

Selected publications

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  • Baker, Michael G.; Wilson, Nick; Anglemyer, Andrew (2020). "Successful Elimination of Covid-19 Transmission in New Zealand". New England Journal of Medicine. 383 (8): e56. doi:10.1056/NEJMc2025203. ISSN 0028-4793. PMC 7449141. PMID 32767891.
  • Baker, Michael; Kvalsvig, Amanda; Verrall, Ayesha; Telfar-Barnard, Lucy; Wilson, Nick (2020). "New Zealand's elimination strategy for the COVID-19 pandemic and what is required to make it work". New Zealand Medical Journal. 133: 10–14.
  • Wilson, Nick; Turner, Nikki; Baker, Michael (2019). "One hundred years ago in 1919: New Zealand's birth reduction shock associated with an influenza pandemic". New Zealand Medical Journal. 132: 57–62.
  • Boyd, Matt; Baker, Michael; Mansoor, Osman; Kvizhinadze, Giorgi; Wilson, Nick (2017). "Protecting an island nation from extreme pandemic threats: proof-of-concept around border closure as an intervention". PLOS ONE. 12 (6): e0178732. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1278732B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0178732. PMC 5473559. PMID 28622344.
  • Baker, Michael; Zhang, Jane; Blakely, Tony; Crane, Julian; Saville-Smith, Kay; Howden-Chapman, Philippa (2016). "Collaborating with a social housing provider supports a large cohort study of the health effects of housing conditions". BMC Public Health. 16 (1): 159. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2730-9. PMC 4754881. PMID 26883320.
  • Baker, Michael G.; Wilson, Nick; Blakely, Tony (2020). "Elimination could be the optimal response strategy for covid-19 and other emerging pandemic diseases"  BMJ. 371:m4907 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m4907

References

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  1. ^ a b c Matthews, Philip (4 April 2020). "Man for this moment – epidemiologist Michael Baker". The Press.
  2. ^ "Professor Michael Baker, Department of Public Health, Our People, University of Otago, Wellington, University of Otago, New Zealand". Otago.ac.nz. 5 January 2014. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  3. ^ "Infectious Impacts, Profiles, University of Otago, New Zealand". Otago.ac.nz. 25 April 2009. Archived from the original on 14 February 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  4. ^ "Michael Baker – Healthy Housing – He Kainga Oranga". Healthyhousing.org.nz. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  5. ^ Gabel, Julia (18 February 2021). "Covid 19 coronavirus: The Baker twins - disease expert's TV interviews confuse patients at Sydney clinic". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
  6. ^ a b "Staff: Health Sciences – University of Otago, Wellington". University of Otago Calendar (PDF). 2020. p. 95. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  7. ^ a b c d Easther, Elisabeth (13 April 2020). "My Story: Professor Michael Baker – 'I wept when PM announced that NZ was going into lockdown'". The New Zealand Herald. ISSN 1170-0777. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
  8. ^ "About us | PHCC". www.phcc.org.nz. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  9. ^ University of Otago, Wellington (17 April 2023). "Professor Michael Baker". www.otago.ac.nz. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
  10. ^ Wilson, Suze (7 April 2020). "Opinion: Three reasons why Jacinda Ardern's coronavirus response has been a masterclass in crisis leadership". Newshub. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  11. ^ "Regional Covid strategies could minimise deaths: Prof Baker". Otago Daily Times. 10 October 2019. Archived from the original on 19 October 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
  12. ^ Small, Zane (8 November 2021). "COVID-19: Professor Michael Baker and expert colleagues highlight 'inconsistent and arbitrary' MIQ requirements". Newshub. Archived from the original on 11 November 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
  13. ^ Martin, Robin (4 December 2021). "Covid-19: Expert implores Aucklanders to 'staycation' to avoid potential spike in infections". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
  14. ^ "Omicron can be kept out of NZ - Professor Baker". Radio New Zealand. 16 December 2021. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  15. ^ "Michael Baker: New Zealand isn't ready for Omicron outbreak". Newstalk ZB. 9 January 2022. Archived from the original on 24 January 2022. Retrieved 24 January 2022.
  16. ^ "Covid-19 Omicron outbreak: Michael Baker suggests a move away from daily case numbers". The New Zealand Herald. 7 February 2022. Archived from the original on 8 February 2022. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
  17. ^ Venuto, Damien (8 September 2022). "The Front Page: Michael Baker on what should follow the Covid-19 traffic light framework". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
  18. ^ "'We need that leadership' - Baker calls for return to Covid alert level system". Radio New Zealand. 14 October 2022. Archived from the original on 14 October 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
  19. ^ Ternouth, Louise (7 November 2022). "Expert wants graded response as third-wave Covid-19 cases rise". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 7 November 2022. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  20. ^ "Keep Covid-19 restrictions as is, epidemiologist Michael Baker says". Radio New Zealand. 10 April 2023. Archived from the original on 9 April 2023. Retrieved 11 April 2023.
  21. ^ "'It's the first distinct rise' - Fourth wave of Covid-19 is here, says epidemiologist Michael Baker". Radio New Zealand. 16 April 2023. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  22. ^ "Michael Baker – New Zealand Centre for Sustainable Cities". Sustainablecities.org.nz. 25 May 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2016.
  23. ^ "Shorland Medal". New Zealand Association of Scientists. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
  24. ^ "New Year honours list 2021". Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
  25. ^ "2020 Prime Minister's Science Prize winners". Radio New Zealand. 13 April 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
  26. ^ "2020 Award Recipients". scientists.org.nz. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  27. ^ "Research Honours Aotearoa winners celebrated in Te Whanganui-a-Tara". Royal Society Te Apārangi. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  28. ^ a b c Brown, Russell (5 April 2020). "Michael Baker and the Big House". publicaddress.net. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
  29. ^ a b Saturday Morning (27 March 2021). "Playing Favourites with Michael Baker". RNZ. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
  30. ^ "Partygoers in hospital as villa's balcony collapses". NZ Herald. 19 October 2024. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
  31. ^ "Firefighter amazed no one badly hurt in balcony collapse". NZ Herald. 19 October 2024. Retrieved 19 October 2024.
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