Maria Dickin
Maria Dickin | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | Maria Elisabeth Dickin 22 September 1870 South Hackney, Middlesex, England |
| Died | 1 March 1951 (aged 80) London, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Other names | Mia |
| Occupation(s) | Social reformer, animal welfare pioneer |
Maria Elisabeth Dickin CBE (nickname Mia; 22 September 1870 – 1 March 1951) was a social reformer[1] and an animal welfare pioneer who founded the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA) in 1917. The Dickin Medal is named for her.
Early life
[edit]Maria Dickin was born in 1870 in South Hackney, Middlesex (now in the London Borough of Hackney, the oldest of eight children born to William George Dickin, a Wesleyan minister, and Ellen Maria Exell Dickin.[2]
Career
[edit]Dickin taught singing as a young woman, and in 1905 compiled and published Suggestive Thoughts from the Temple (1905), a collection of sayings by London minister Reginald John Campbell.[2]
She founded the People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA) in 1917, in a cellar in Whitechapel.[2] The sign on the door reflected Dickin's intent, to provide humane veterinary care to pets whose owners could not otherwise afford it: "Bring your sick animals/Do not let them suffer/All animals treated/All treatment free". In 1921, she added a horse-drawn mobile unit, to treat more animals and bring public health education to other neighborhoods; this was the first of a fleet of travelling veterinary clinics. She opened a rest home for horses and donkeys in 1928, and in 1929, she began Busy Bees, a children's club focused on animal welfare.[3]
Dickin was appointed OBE in 1929, and became a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1948.[2] During World War II, she launched the PDSA medal, for animal heroism in the war effort.[4] In 1950, she published a memoir, The Cry of the Animal.[5]
Dickin, whose efforts depended more on the work of amateur volunteers than trained veterinarians, was opposed by the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons as "dangerous". "If you are so concerned about the proper treatment of Sick Animals of the Poor," she responded to the professional association's criticisms, "Do the same work we are doing. Instead of spending your energy and time in hindering us, spend it in dealing with this mass of misery."[6]
Personal life and legacy
[edit]Dickin married her first cousin, Arnold Francis Dickin, an accountant, in 1899; they had no children. Dickin died in London in 1951 of influenzal broncho-pneumonia, aged 80 years.[2]
The PDSA medal is now known as the Dickin Medal, and is considered the animal equivalent of the Victoria Cross.[7][8][9] A commemorative blue plaque was erected by English Heritage at Dickin's birthplace, 41 Cassland Road (formerly 1 Farringdon Terrace) in Hackney in October 2015.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ Long, David (14 March 2013). Animal Heroes: Inspiring true stories of courageous animals. Random House. pp. 12–. ISBN 978-1-4481-6516-2.
- ^ a b c d e Harrison, Brian. (2004). 'Dickin, Maria Elisabeth (1870–1951)'. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press online edn, May 2010. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
- ^ "PDSA: Our history". PDSA. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- ^ "Animals at war: The PDSA Dickin Medal". The History Press. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- ^ Homren, Wayne. "MARIA DICKIN AND THE DICKIN MEDAL". The E-Sylum (The Numismatic Bibliomania Society). Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- ^ Gardiner, A. (1 August 2014). "The 'Dangerous' Women of Animal Welfare: How British Veterinary Medicine Went to the Dogs". Social History of Medicine. 27 (3): 466–487. doi:10.1093/shm/hkt101. ISSN 0951-631X. PMC 4109695. PMID 25067889.
- ^ "Maria Dickin". London Remembers. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- ^ Johnson, Ben. "The Dickin Medal". Historic UK. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
- ^ Hawthorne, Peter (30 August 2013). The Animal Victoria Cross: The Dickin Medal. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-78303-194-8.
- ^ "Blue plaque for animal welfare campaigner, Maria Dickin". News. English Heritage. 8 October 2015. Retrieved 29 January 2023.
External links
[edit]- PDSA page Archived 2011-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
- Maria Dickin, "Animals in Tangier" (7 November 1935), a letter to the editors of the Guardian, about the PDSA's clinic in Tangier.
- 1870 births
- 1951 deaths
- 20th-century women philanthropists
- British animal welfare workers
- British social reformers
- British women in World War II
- Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
- English women philanthropists
- Founders of charities
- People from Hackney, London
- Philanthropists from London
- Respiratory disease deaths in England