Emperor Chongzong of Western Xia
| Emperor Chongzong of Western Xia 西夏崇宗 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Emperor of the Western Xia dynasty | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Reign | 1086–1139 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Emperor Huizong | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Emperor Renzong | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Regent | Empress Dowager Liang the Junior (1086–1099) Liang Yibu (1086–1094) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | 1083 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Died | 1139 (aged 55–56) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Burial | Xiǎnlíng Mausoleum (顯陵, presumptively the No. 6 tomb of Western Xia mausoleums[1]) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Father | Emperor Huizong | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Mother | Empress Dowager Liang the Junior | ||||||||||||||||||||
Emperor Chongzong of Western Xia (1084–1139), born Li Qianshun (Chinese: 李乾順), was the fourth emperor of the Western Xia dynasty of China, ruling from 1086 to 1139.[note 1] His reign began at the age of three, when his father Li Bingchang died. He remained under the regency of the Empress Dowager Zhaojian[note 2] until she was poisoned in 1099 by a Liao envoy.
Li's reign included further sinification and removed the power of some significant Tangut clans, which had remained a powerful political force—appointing tribal leaders as kings, forcing them under his power and influence. His reign saw incursions by the neighboring Liao and Northern Song dynasties, and a series of military defeats from 1114. He established Confucianist-led administration for several political quarters including civil and military, centralising his power. Buddhism was prevalent during his reign, and the scriptures were translated to the Tangut language.
Family
[edit]Consorts and issue:
- Empress, of the Yelü clan (皇后耶律氏), personal name Nanxian (南仙), Princess Cheng'an (成安公主)
- Li Ren'ai, Crown Prince (世子 李仁愛) (1108–1125), 1st son
- Empress, of the Ren clan (皇后任氏)
- Noble Consort, of the Cao clan (貴妃曹氏) 賢妃-->貴妃
- Li Renxiai, Emperor Renzong (西夏仁宗 李仁孝: 1124 – 16 October 1193), 2nd son
- Li Renyou, Prince of Yue (越��� 李仁友; d. 1190), 3rd son
Notes
[edit]- ^ Reign dates are from uglychinese.org
- ^ There were two dowagers of Tangut emperors named Empress Liang, the other was over Emperor Huizong of Western Xia, see Ksenia Kepping, The famous Liangzhou bilingual stele.
References
[edit]- ^ "西夏王陵简介" (in Chinese (China)). 宁夏西夏陵. 14 December 2012. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
- ^ 辞海编辑委员会 [Ci hai bian ji wei yuan hui] (2000). 辞海:1999年版缩印本 [Ci hai: 1999 nian ban suo yin ben]. Shanghai: 上海辞书出版社 [Shanghai ci shu chu ban she]. p. 2544. ISBN 7532608395. OCLC 222462793.
崇宗（嵬名乾顺）
- ^ a b c d Cui, Hongfen; Wen, Zhiyong (2007). "西夏皇帝尊号考略". 宁夏大学学报 (1). Retrieved 14 January 2022.
- "Tangut roots and Chinese habits". Western Xia Dynasty. Chinaknowledge. Retrieved 2 April 2005.
- "Liao, Xi Xia, and Jin Dynasties 907-1234". China 7 BC To 1279. Retrieved 2 April 2005.
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