1739 in Canada
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Events from the year 1739 in Canada.
Incumbents
[edit]Governors
[edit]- Governor General of New France: Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois
- Colonial Governor of Louisiana: Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville
- Governor of Nova Scotia: Lawrence Armstrong
- Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland: Henry Medley
Events
[edit]- Joseph La France begins to explore between Lake Superior and Hudson Bay.
- Census of New France counts 42,801 inhabitants.[3]
Births
[edit]- February 23: Jean-François Hubert, bishop of Quebec (d. 1797)
- August: Alexander Henry the elder, fur trader, merchant, militia officer, jp, and author (d. 1824)
Deaths
[edit]- May 19: Marie Barbier de l'Assomption, sister of the Congrégation de Notre-Dame (born 1663)
Full date unknown
[edit]- Thomas Bird, Hudson's Bay Company chief at Albany Fort
Historical documents
[edit]After trouble trading with French, Joseph La France canoes from Sault Ste. Marie to York Factory with scores of beaver pelts[4]
J.P. Aulneau's mother learns that Sioux who killed him have been defeated so often that they have sued for peace (Note: "savages" used)[5]
Lengthy rationale for greater settlement of Nova Scotia comprises fishery, naval stores, agriculture and French threat[6]
Spain having committed "depredations" and "many cruelties and barbarities" to British without compensation, letters of marque are to be issued[7]
Of more than £250,000 owed Britain by Spain for ships illegally taken, £8,000 is for five ships from Newfoundland (perhaps among others)[8]
Governors of Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and 13 other colonies (plus leader of Georgia) notified of King's declaration of war against Spain[9]
Nova Scotia governor details province's military assets, which are much weaker than on neighbouring Île-Royale (and Acadie and Canada)[10]
President of N.S. Council says Annapolis Royal vulnerable to French capture because fort weak and troops mostly raw and undisciplined[11]
Board of Trade member offers plan of forces to use for Spanish Caribbean expedition, including "old soldiers" from Nova Scotia regiment[12]
Canso's 9 or 10 resident families build/maintain stages for and give support to 70 summer visitors from New England (Piscataway to Falmouth)[13]
French fishery off Nova Scotia described in great detail, including use of province's Atlantic shore (prohibited to British fishers)[14]
Nova Scotia lieutenant governor Lawrence Armstrong commits suicide after "a long time frequently Afflicted with Melancholy fitts"[15]
Lt. Gov. Clarke of New York says people fear war with Spain will bring in France, and urges defence build-up and presents for Six Nations[16]
"A rupture with France is mentioned in the newspapers as a thing we are to expect" - N.Y. Assembly votes money for extensive defence works[17]
Clarke says that though French claim all land in Great Lakes watershed, boundary through Lakes is more than they can expect[18]
Clarke says "peopling" of country north of Saratoga with recently arrived British families will strengthen frontier and trade[19]
Clarke warns of need to resist French settlement of property between Crown Point and Albany long since purchased from Indigenous people[20]
Governor of Canada insists on claim to Great Lakes watershed, but gifts local claim near Crown Point to "Mohawks and his own Indians"[21]
New Hampshire lieutenant governor warns of province's "very defenceless condition," including fort that can't even keep cattle out[22]
Arthur Dobbs thinks discovery of Northwest Passage might make possible intercepting Spain's Acapulco ships from California to Panama[23]
References
[edit]- ^ Guéganic (2008), p. 13.
- ^ "George I". Official web site of the British monarchy. 30 December 2015. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
- ^ "1739 - Census of New France". Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 2012-07-08. Retrieved 2018-08-23.
- ^ "Number II" (Narrative of Joseph la France), Appendix to the Report on the State and Condition of the Countries adjoining to Hudson's Bay; &c., pgs. 243-6. Accessed 6 January 2021
- ^ Letter of Fr. Luc François Nau to Madame Aulneau (October 12, 1739). Accessed 18 August 2021 http://moses.creighton.edu/kripke/jesuitrelations/relations_69.html (scroll down to Page 33)
- ^ "544 Representation by Lieut-Governor Lawrence Armstrong to the King" (1739 or earlier), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ Letter and warrant (June 15, 1739), Nova Scotia Archives; Governor's Letter-Book, Annapolis, 1719-1742, pg. 127. Accessed 18 August 2021
- ^ "Spain to Great Britain; July 1739" The Profit and Loss of Great Britain in the Present War with Spain (1741), pg. 8. Accessed 7 September 2021
- ^ 436 Circular to governors regarding war declaration against Spain (October 29, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021 (See "His Majesty's Declaration of War against the King of Spain")
- ^ "368 i A state of the province of Nova Scotia by Maj-Gen Richard Philipps, governor" (September 5, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. (Scroll down to another opinion "As to the state of the garrison at Canso" under 374) Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ "507 President John Adams to Commissioners for Trade and Plantations" (December 10, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ "515 Martin Bladen to Lord Harrington" (December 14, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ 472 Capt. Temple West's answers to queries re Canso fishery (received November 21, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ 374 i "A state of the French fishery at Cape Breton" (July 9, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ Letters of John Adams (December 8, 1739), Nova Scotia Archives; Governor's Letter-Book, Annapolis, 1719-1742, pgs. 128-9. Accessed 18 August 2021
- ^ 356 George Clarke to Commissioners for Trade and Plantations (August 30, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. (See rationale for Six Nations presents in "522 Commissioners for Trade and Plantations to Committee of Privy Council") Accessed 19 August 2021
- ^ "486 Lieut-Governor George Clarke to Commissioners for Trade and Plantations" (November 30, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ "178 Lieut-Governor George Clarke to Commissioners for Trade and Plantations" (May 24, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 19 August 2021
- ^ Speech of Lt. Gov. Clarke to General Assembly (March 27, 1739), The New-York Gazette ("From March 27, to Monday April 2, 1739"), image 2. Accessed 23 August 2021
- ^ 219-220 Correspondence of Lt. Gov. Clarke (June 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 19 August 2021
- ^ 485 iv Letter of N.Y. Indian commissioners to Lt. Gov. Clarke (undated 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. Accessed 20 August 2021
- ^ "290 Lieut-Governor David Dunbar to Commissioners for Trade and Plantations" (July 25, 1739), Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies: Volume 45, 1739. (See 322: advice that N.H. needs its own governor) Accessed 19 August 2021
- ^ "No. XVII" (October 30, 1739), Remarks upon Capt. Middleton's Defence (1744), pg. 110. Accessed 24 August 2021
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