before
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英語
[編集]
語源
[編集]中英語 before, bifore < 古英語 beforan < be- + foran < fore < ゲルマン祖語 *furai < 印欧祖語 *per-
発音
[編集]前置詞
[編集]before
- （時間）～の前に。以前に。
- 1915年, John Buchan, "The Thirty-nine Steps"[1]
- I ate the oatcake and cheese the old wife had given me and set out again just before the darkening.
- 老婦の奥さんから頂いたオートケーキとチーズを食べ、暗くなるちょっと前に再び出発した。
- I ate the oatcake and cheese the old wife had given me and set out again just before the darkening.
- 2020年, John Russell, "Things to Do Before You Study"[2]
- Three important ideas to think about before studying include exercise, study location and pre-study tests.
- 勉強の前に考える大事な3つの事は、運動、勉強場所、勉強前の事前テストである。
- Three important ideas to think about before studying include exercise, study location and pre-study tests.
- 1915年, John Buchan, "The Thirty-nine Steps"[1]
- （空間上の位置）～の前方に。～に直面して。～の目の前で。～の面前に。
- 1900年, L. Frank Baum, "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"[3]
- They were greatly pleased to see this delightful country before them.
- 自分たちの前方に広がるこの快適そうな国を見て、彼らはとても喜んだ。
- They were greatly pleased to see this delightful country before them.
- 1900年, L. Frank Baum, "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"[3]
- （記述の順番）～よりも先に。～の前に。
- 1895年, W. M. Baskervill and J. W. Sewell, "An English Grammar"[4]
- In Shakespeare's time it was quite common to use a double comparative and superlative by using more or most before the word already having -er or -est.
- シェイクスピアの時代では、すでに -er や -est を備えた言葉の前に more や most を使う二重比較級や二重最上級の使用はとても一般的だった。
- In Shakespeare's time it was quite common to use a double comparative and superlative by using more or most before the word already having -er or -est.
- 1895年, W. M. Baskervill and J. W. Sewell, "An English Grammar"[4]
類義語
[編集]- （語義1）previous to, prior to
- （語義2）ahead of, in front of
副詞
[編集]before (比較形なし)
- 前に。以前に。今までに。これまでに。
- 2020年, Chancellor Rishi Sunak, "Budget Speech 2020"[5]
- We have done so before and I know we will do so again.
- 我々は今までもそうやって来ましたし、再びそうすることも私は知っています。
- We have done so before and I know we will do so again.
- 2020年, Chancellor Rishi Sunak, "Budget Speech 2020"[5]
類義語
[編集]接続詞
[編集]before
- ～する前に。
- 1900年, L. Frank Baum, "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"[6]
- The country here is rich and pleasant, but you must pass through rough and dangerous places before you reach the end of your journey.
- ここの国は豊かで快適だ。しかし、君は旅の終わりを迎える前に、荒れ果てて危険な場所を通らなければいけない。
- The country here is rich and pleasant, but you must pass through rough and dangerous places before you reach the end of your journey.
- 1906年, E. Nesbit, "The Railway Children"[7]
- Father and I used to go on the river at Marlow before we were married.
- お父さんと私が結婚する前、私たちはマーローの川沿いをよく歩いたものだった。
- Father and I used to go on the river at Marlow before we were married.
- 1900年, L. Frank Baum, "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz"[6]
- ～するくらいならむしろ
対義語
[編集]複合語
[編集]註
[編集]- ↑ John Buchan. "The Thirty-nine Steps". 1915. (Project Gutenberg. Release Date: June, 1996. Last updated: October 30, 2018. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/558/558-h/558-h.htm)
- ↑ John Russell. April 14, 2020 . "Things to Do Before You Study " VOA Learning English. https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/things-to-do-before-you-study/5367797.html 2020年6月12日参照
- ↑ L. Frank Baum. "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz". 1900. (Project Gutenberg. Release Date: February, 1993. Most recently updated: October 19, 2020. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/55/55-h/55-h.htm)
- ↑ W. M. Baskervill and J. W. Sewell. "An English Grammar". 1895. (Project Gutenberg. Release Date: November 10, 2004. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/14006/14006-h/14006-h.htm)
- ↑ Chancellor Rishi Sunak. "Budget Speech 2020". Published 11 March 2020. https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/budget-speech-2020 under Open Government Licence v3.0 2020年3月18日参照
- ↑ L. Frank Baum. "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz". 1900. (Project Gutenberg. Release Date: February, 1993. Most recently updated: October 19, 2020. https://www.gutenberg.org/files/55/55-h/55-h.htm)
- ↑ E. Nesbit. "The Railway Children". 1906. (Project Gutenberg. Last Updated: March 9, 2018. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/1874/1874-h/1874-h.htm)