Daftar gerakan agama baru
Tampilan
Namanya | Pendiri | Pendirian | Jenis |
---|---|---|---|
Adidam[1][2] | Adi Da (Franklin Albert Jones) | 1972 | Neo-Vedanta |
Agni Yoga (Roerikhisme)[3][4] | Helena dan Nicholas Roerich | pertengahan 1920-an | neo-Teosofi |
Aeterius (Perhimpunan Aeterius)[5] | George King | 1955 | Agama BETA |
Azali (Azali Babi)[6] | Subh-i-Azal | 1863 | Babisme |
Akademi Ilmu Unarius[3] | Ernest dan Ruth Norman | 1954 | Agama BETA |
Akropolis Baru[2][7] | Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi | 1957 | neo-Teosofi, Esoterisme Barat |
Anastasianisme[8] | Vladimir Megre | 1997 | Paganisme Modern, Paganisme Slavia, Zaman Baru |
Antroposofi (Perhimpunan Antroposofi)[5] | Rudolf Steiner | 1912 | Okultisme, Esoterisme Barat, Rosikrusian |
Aum Shinrikyo, juga Alef[3][4][5] | Shoko Asahara | 1987 | Buddha Jepang, Sinkretisme |
Babisme (Iman Bayání)[9][2] | Báb (Ali Muhammad Shirazi) | 1844 | Syiah, Milenarianisme |
Baha'i (Iman Baha'i)[2][5][10] | Bahá'u'lláh (Husayn Ali Nuri) | 1863 | Babisme, Universalisme |
Brahmoisme (Brahmo Dharma)[11] | Debendranath Tagore | 1848/1850 | Neo-Vedanta, Universalisme |
Cao Đài (Mata Ilahi) atau Đại Đạo Tam Kỳ Phổ Độ[5] | Ngô Văn Chiêu; Lê Văn Trung | 1926 | Sinkretisme, Spiritisme, Milenarianisme |
Cen Tao (Jalan yang Benar)[5] | Hon-Ming Chen | 1955 | Agama BETA |
Falun Gong atau Falun Dafa[4] | Li Hongzhi | 1992 | Qigong, Sinkretisme |
Gerakan AKU ADALAH[3][4] | Guy dan Edna Anne Wheeler Ballard | awal 1930-an | neo-Teosofi |
Gerakan Piala (Gerakan Grail)[3][4] | Abd-ru-shin (Oskar Ernst Bernhardt) | 1924 | Kristen Sinkretis, Zaman Baru |
Gerbang Surga[12] | Marshall Applewhite; Bonnie Nettles | awal 1970-an | Agama BETA |
Gereja Ilmu Ilahi (Church of Divine Science)[10] | Malinda Cramer | 1888 | Pemikiran Baru, Pengobatan holistik |
Gereja Industri Universal Penghibur Dunia Baru (The Universal Industrial Church of the New World Comforter)[12] | Allen Michael | 1973 | Agama BETA |
Gereja Mesianitas Dunia (Sekai Kyūsei Kyō)[3][4][5] | Mokichi Okada | 1934 | Shinto, Agama baru Jepang, Pengobatan holistik |
Gereja Setan[2][5][10] | Anton LaVey | 1966 | Setanisme |
Gereja Setan Pertama[13] | Karla LaVey | 1997 | Setanisme |
Gereja Universal dan Kemenangan, juga Persaudaraan Penjaga Api[5] | Mark L. dan Elizabeth Clare Prophet | 1958 | neo-Teosofi, Zaman Baru |
Huna[1] | Max Freedom Long | 1936 | Pemikiran Baru, Zaman Baru, Agama Hawaii |
Ikuanisme (I Kuan Tao)[2][14] | Wang Jueyi; Chang Thien Ran | akhir abad ke-19 | Kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa, Sinkretisme, Milenarianisme |
Ilmu Keagamaan (Religious Science), juga Gereja Bersatu Ilmu Keagamaan[3] | Ernest Holmes | 1927 | Pemikiran Baru, Universalisme |
Ivanovisme[15] | Porfiry Ivanov | 1933 | Paganisme Modern, Paganisme Slavia, Sinkretisme, Pengobatan holistik |
Jalan Keempat (Fourth Way)[10][16] | Georges Gurdjieff | sekira 1913 | Esoterisme Barat dan Sufi, Sinkretisme |
Kofuku-no-Kagaku[17] | Ryuho Okawa | 1986 | Agama baru Jepang, , Sinkretisme |
Komunitas Eden atau agama Salamullah[18] | Lia Eden | 1995 | Sinkretisme |
Lectorium Rosicrucianum[2][3][4] | Jan van Rijckenborgh; Zwier Willem Leene | 1924 | neo-Rosikrusian |
Loji bersatu para Teosofis (United Lodge of Theosophists)[4] | Robert Crosbie | 1909 | Teosofi |
Modekngei (Ngara Modekngei)[19] | Tamadad von Chol | sekira 1915 | Sinkretisme Kristen-Pagan |
Oomoto[3] | Nao dan Onisaburo Deguchi | 1892 | Shinto, Agama baru Jepang, Universalisme |
Ordo Kebatinan Purba Salib Mawar (A.M.O.R.C, Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis)[1][4][5] | Harvey Spencer Lewis | 1915 | neo-Rosikrusian |
Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.)[2] | Carl Kellner; Theodor Reuss | 1906 | Esoterisme Barat, neo-Hermetisisme, Thelema |
Osyo-gerakan atau Rajneesh-gerakan, kaum neosannyasin[3][4] | Rajneesh | 1966 | Agama Dharmik, Sinkretisme |
Pemikiran Baru (New Thought)[3][10] | Phineas Quimby | pertengahan abad ke-19 | Metafisika, Spiritualisme, Universalisme, Pengobatan holistik |
Perhimpunan Teosofi (sejak 1882 — Perhimpunan Teosofi Adyar)[2][10][20] | H. P. Blavatsky; Henry Steel Olcott; William Quan Judge | 1875 | Okultisme, Agama Dharmik, Teosofi |
Perhimpunan Teosofi Pasadena[10][20] | William Quan Judge | 1895 | Teosofi |
Persatuan (Gereja Persatuan, Unity Church)[3] | Charles dan Myrtle Fillmore | 1889 | Pemikiran Baru, Kristen, Universalisme |
Persaudaraan Cahaya Batin (Fraternity of the Inner Light)[2] | Dion Fortune | 1924 | neo-Hermetisisme, Esoterisme Kristen |
Persaudaraan Putih Universal (Universal White Brotherhood)[4] | Peter Deunov | 1900 | Esoterisme Kristen, Sinkretisme |
Persaudaraan Salib Mawar (FRC, Fraternitas Rosae Crucis)[3][4] | Paschal Beverly Randolph | 1858 | neo-Rosikrusian |
Persaudaraan Salib Mawar (TRF, The Rosicrucian Fellowship)[3][4] | Max Heindel | 1909 | neo-Rosikrusian |
Raelianisme[3] | Claude Vorilhon (Rael) | 1973 | Agama BETA |
Rastafari atau kaum Rasta[4] | Leonard Howell; Joseph Hibbert; Archibald Dunkley; Robert Hinds[4] | 1935 | Agama Abrahamik, Kristen-Yahudi hitam |
Reiki[2] | Mikao Usui | 1922 | Pengobatan energi, Buddha Jepang, Agama baru Jepang, Sinkretisme |
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj[11] | Anandamohan Bose; Sivanath Sastri; Umesh Chandra Dutta | 1878 | Brahmoisme |
Saminisme (Gerakan Samin atau Wong Sikep)[21] | Samin Surosentiko | 1889 | Agama Abrahamik |
Scientology, juga Gereja Scientology[4][10] | L. Ron Hubbard | 1955 | Agama BETA |
Seico-no-Ie[2] | Taniguchi Masaharu; Fenwicke Holmes | 1930 | Ilmu Keagamaan, Shinto, Agama baru Jepang, Universalisme |
Sekolah Batin (Sekolah Arkan)[5] | Alice dan Foster Bailey | 1922 | neo-Teosofi |
Shinji Shumeikai, juga Shumei[17] | Mihoko Koyama | 1970 | Gereja Mesianitas Dunia, Agama baru Jepang, Pengobatan holistik |
Shinreikyo[3][4] | Kanichi Otsuka | 1947 | Shinto, Agama baru Jepang |
Spiritualisme, Spiritisme[10][22] | Kate dan Margaret Fox | 1848 | Paranormal, Metafisika |
Subud (Susila Budhi Dharma)[2][3][10][18] | Muhammad Subuh Sumohadiwidjojo | 1933 | Kejawen, Sufisme |
Syamanisme Inti (Core Shamanism), The Foundation for Shamanic Studies[2][23] | Michael Harner | 1980-an | neo-Syamanisme |
Syengdao, juga Tongshanshe[14] | Peng Tairong (Ruzun) | awal abad ke-20 | Kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa, Sinkretisme |
Thelema, juga Ordo A∴A∴[16] | Aleister Crowley | awal 1900-an | Okultisme, Esoterisme Barat, neo-Hermetisisme |
Tensegriti[2][23] | Carlos Castaneda | 1995 | neo-Syamanisme, Zaman Baru, Agama asli penduduk Amerika |
Tenrikyo[3] | Miki Nakayama | 1838 | Shinto, Agama baru Jepang |
Meditasi Transcendental[4] | Maharishi Mahesh Yogi | 1958 | Neo-Vedanta, Universalisme |
Wikka[10][16] | Gerald Gardner | 1954 | Paganisme Modern, Ilmu sihir |
Yayasan Krishnamurti[24] | Jiddu Krishnamurti | 1928 | neo-Teosofi, Universalisme |
Yayasan Urantia, juga Persaudaraan Urantia[4] | William S. Sadler | 1934 | Agama BETA |
Lihat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]Catatan kaki
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b c Lewis, James R. (1998). The encyclopedia of cults, sects, and new religions (edisi ke-[Nachdr.]). Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books. ISBN 978-1-57392-222-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Clarke, Peter B., ed. (2006). Encyclopedia of New Religious Movements. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 9-78-0-415-26707-6.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1992). Rosen, Roger, ed. The illustrated encyclopedia of active new religions, sects, and cults. New York: Rosen Pub. Group. ISBN 978-0-8239-1505-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Melton, J. Gordon (2003). Encyclopedia of American religions (edisi ke-7). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. ISBN 978-0-7876-6384-1.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Chryssides, George D. (2001). Historical dictionary of new religious movements. Lanham, Md. [u.a.]: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4095-9.
- ^ Barrett, David (2001). The New Believers. London: Cassell & Co. ISBN 0-304-35592-5.
- ^ Clarke, Peter B. (2006). New Religions in Global Perspective: A Study of Religious Change in the Modern World. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-203-50833-5.
- ^ Lewis, James R.; Tøllefsen, Inga Bårdsen, ed. (2015). Handbook of Nordic New Religions. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9004292468.
- ^ Garnett, Richard (1878). "Bábi". Dalam Baynes, T.S. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 3 (edisi ke-9th).
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Miller, Timothy, ed. (1995). America's Alternative Religions. Albany: SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-2397-4.
- ^ a b Kopf, David (1979). The Brahmo Samaj and the Shaping of the Modern Indian Mind. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- ^ a b Partridge, Christopher Hugh (2003). UFO Religions. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-26324-5.
- ^ Melton, J. Gordon; Baumann, Martin, ed. (2010). Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices. 6-volume Set (edisi ke-2). Santa Barbara; Denver; Oxford: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-203-6.
- ^ a b Ownby, David (2015). "Redemptive Societies in Twentieth Century China". Dalam Goosaert, Vincent; Kiely, Jan; Lagerway, John. Modern Chinese Religion, 1850–1950. Leiden: Brill. hlm. 685–730.
- ^ Aitamurto, Kaarina; Simpson, Scott, ed. (2013). Modern Pagan and Native Faith Movements in Central and Eastern Europe. Durham: Acumen. ISBN 978-1-84465-662-2.
- ^ a b c Hanegraaff, Wouter J. (2013). Western Esotericism: A Guide for the Perplexed. London: Bloomsbury Press. ISBN 978-1-4411-3646-6.
- ^ a b Clarke, Peter B., ed. (2000). Japanese New Religions: In Global Perspective. Surrey, UK: Curzon Press. ISBN 0-7007-1185-6.
- ^ a b Popov, Igor (Dr. Igor Popov, LLM) (2017). Buku rujukan semua aliran dan perkumpulan agama di Indonesia. Singaraja: Toko Buku Indra Jaya.
- ^ Machiko, Aoyagi (2002). Modekngei: A New Religion in Belau. Tokio: Shinsensha Press. ISBN 4-7877-0207-6.
- ^ a b Ryan, Charles J. (1975). H.P. Blavatsky and the Theosophical Movement. San Diego, CA: Point Loma Publications. ISBN 0-913004-25-1.
- ^ Benda, Harry J.; Castles, Lance (1969). "The Samin Movement". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia. 125 (2). ISSN 2213-4379.
- ^ Carroll, Bret E. (1997). Spiritualism in Antebellum America. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-33315-5.
- ^ a b Robert, J. Wallis (2003). Shamans/neo-Shamans: Ecstasy, Alternative Archaeologies and Contemporary Pagans. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-30203-X.
- ^ "Jiddu Krishnamurti". Encyclopædia Britannica Online (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 27-06-2019.