Ségou

Ségou
Wuri
13°27′N 6°16′W / 13.45°N 6.27°W / 13.45; -6.27
Ƴantacciyar ƙasa	Mali
Region of Mali (en)	Ségou Region (en)
Babban birnin	Empire Peul (en) Bamana Empire (en)
Yawan mutane
Faɗi	133,501
• Yawan mutane	3,608.14 mazaunan/km²
Labarin ƙasa
Yawan fili	37 km²
Altitude (en)	274 m
Bayanan tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1620
Bayanan Tuntuɓa
Kasancewa a yanki na lokaci	UTC±00:00 (en)

Ségou birni a kudu maso tsakiyar Mali ke da nisan kilomita 235 146 arewa maso gabashin Bamako a gefen dama na Kogin Neja. Garin shine babban birnin Ségou Circle da Yankin Ségou . Tare da mazauna 130,690 a shekara ta 2009, ita ce birni na biyar mafi girma a Mali.^[1][2]

A tsakiyar karni na 19 akwai ƙauyuka huɗu da sunan Ségou da aka shimfiɗa a kan nisan kusan kilomita 12 km (7.5 mi) (7.5 tare da gefen dama na kogi. Sun kasance, farawa daga mafi girma, Ségou-Koro (Tsohon Ségou), Ségou, Ségó-Koura (Sabon Ségou) da Ségou - Sikoro. Garin na yanzu yana kan shafin Ségou-Sikoro.^[3] At this time Segou was capital of the Bambara Empire,^[4]

Ségou ya kalubalanci asalin. Wasu suna da'awar cewa kalmar Ségou ta fito ne daga "Sikoro", ma'ana zuwa ƙasan itacen man shanu. Wasu suna jayayya cewa an sanya masa suna ne bayan Cheikou, wani marabout wanda ya kafa birnin, yayin da har yanzu wasu ra'ayoyin ke goyon bayan da'awar cewa masunta Bozo ne suka kafa Ségou daga arewa a karni na 4, wadanda suka kafa ƙauyukansu a gefen Kogin Neja. Karni na 11 AZ ya ga kwararar Mutanen Soninke, waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin tserewa daga rushewar Daular Ghana, tare da yawan Mandinka da ke biyowa.^[3]

A kusa da shekara ta 1650 Kaladian Coulibaly ya hambarar da daular Koita mai mulki kuma ya kafa masarauta mai iko idan ba ta da tsawo tare da Ségou-Koro a matsayin babban birni. Ɗaya daga cikin jikokin Koulibaly, Mamary Coulibaly wanda aka fi sani da BiTòn, ya zama shugaban tòn, ƙungiyar maza, wani lokaci bayan 1700. A shekara ta 1712, Bitòn ya yi amfani da ƙarfin soja don kawar da dattawa na gida da faɗaɗa Daular Bambara. A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, ya faɗaɗa yankinsa don ya haɗa da cibiyoyin kasuwanci na yanki kamar Macina da Djenné . Birnin Timbuktu zai zama jihar da ke da alaƙa da Daular Bambara ta Bitòn. A wannan lokacin Segou ita ce babban birnin Daular Bambara, kuma gine-ginen birane na musamman ya fara fitowa a Ségou Koro, gami da Masallatai.^[5]

Bayan mutuwar Bitòn a shekara ta 1755 wani lokaci na rashin kwanciyar hankali ya biyo baya, a lokacin da babban birnin Daular ya koma sau da yawa.^[6] A shekara ta 1766 Ngolo Diarra, tsohon bawa da jarumi, ya mallaki Daular Bambara kuma ya kaddamar da lokacin wadata. Daular Diarra ta mallaki Ségou har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 19. Ya ƙaura babban birnin masarautar daga Segou-Koro zuwa Ségou-Sikoro, kusa da shafin yanar gizon yanzu.

Ségou tana da nisan kilomita 235 (146 daga Bamako, a gefen dama na Kogin Neja . Garin birni yana da iyaka a gabas da garin Pelengana, a yamma da garin Sébougou kuma a kudu da garin Sakoïba.

1. ↑ Page, Willie F. (2005). Davis, R. Hunt (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History and Culture. III (Illustrated, revised ed.). Facts On File. p. 239.
2. ↑ Tauxier, Louis (1930). "Chronologie des rois bambaras". Outre-Mer: 9.
3. ↑ ^{3.0 3.1} Bortolot, Alexander Ives (October 2003). "The Bamana Ségou State". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 2023-02-05.
4. ↑ "Ségou | Mali | Britannica". Encyclopædia Britannica (in Turanci). Retrieved 2023-02-06.
5. ↑ Park 1799, p. 196 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFPark1799 (help), quoted in Davidson, Basil (1995). Africa in History. New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 245. ISBN 0-684-82667-4.
6. ↑ Imperato, James Pascal (1977). Historical Dictionary of Mali. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press. p. 15. Retrieved 23 September 2023.