Melvin Dewey

Melvin Dewey
President of the American Library Association (en) 1892 - 1893 President of the American Library Association (en) 1890 - ga Yuli, 1891
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna	Melville Louis Kossuth Dewey
Haihuwa	Adams Center (en) , 10 Disamba 1851
ƙasa	Tarayyar Amurka
Mazauni	Boston
Mutuwa	Lake Placid (en) , 26 Disamba 1931
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi	Joel Dewey
Mahaifiya	Eliza Dewey
Abokiyar zama	Annie Dewey (en)  (Oktoba 1878 -  3 ga Augusta, 1922)
Yara	view Godfrey Dewey (en)
Karatu
Makaranta	Amherst College (mul) Alfred University (en)
Harsuna	Turanci
Sana'a
Sana'a	librarian (en) , ɗan jarida, scientist (en) da Malami
Employers	Columbia University (en)
Muhimman ayyuka	rabuwar DDC
Kyaututtuka	gani Library Hall of Fame  (1951)
Mamba	American Library Association (en)
Imani
Addini	Kiristanci

Melville Louis Kossuth "Melvil" Dewey (Disamba 10, 1851 - Disamba 26, 1931) ma'aikacin ɗakin karatu ne na Amurka kuma malami wanda ya ƙirƙira tsarin Dewey Decimal na rarraba laburare.  Shi ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Lake Placid Club, babban ma’aikacin laburare a Jami’ar Columbia, kuma memba ne wanda ya kafa kungiyar Labura ta Amurka.  Ko da yake an san irin gudunmawar da Dewey ya bayar ga ɗakin karatu na zamani, amma abin da ya gada ya lalace saboda cin zarafin da ya yi wa abokan aikin sa mata, da kuma nuna wariyar launin fata da kyamar baki.

An haifi Dewey a ranar 10 ga Disamba, 1851, a Cibiyar Adams, New York, ɗan na biyar kuma na ƙarshe na Joel da Eliza Greene Dewey.  Ya halarci makarantun karkara kuma tun da wuri ya ƙaddara cewa makomarsa ita ce gyara tarbiyyar al'umma^[1].  Ya halarci Jami'ar Alfred a takaice (1870), ^[2]sannan Kwalejin Amherst, inda ya kasance na Delta Kappa Epsilon, kuma daga nan ya sami digiri na farko a 1874 da digiri na biyu a 1877.^[3].

Dewey ya fara koyar da dakunan karatu na Amurka^[4]kuma ya kasance mai tasiri a ci gaban dakunan karatu a Amurka a karshen karni na 19 da farkon karni na 20.^[5] An fi saninsa da tsarin rarrabuwar kawuna wanda yawancin ɗakunan karatu na jama'a da na makaranta ke amfani da shi.  Daga cikin sauran abubuwan da ya kirkira har da tunanin dakin karatu na jiha da ke aiki a matsayin makarantar jihar da kuma mai kula da ayyukan dakin karatu na jama'a.^[6] A Boston, Massachusetts, ya kafa Ofishin Laburare, kamfani mai zaman kansa "saboda tabbataccen manufar samar da ɗakunan karatu tare da kayan aiki da kuma samar da daidaitattun daidaito da aminci."^[7]Ƙungiyar bincikensa, wanda ya keɓe don nazarin mafi kyawun ayyuka na asarar ɗakin karatu-sarrafawa, rarrabawa da adana bayanai, ya dawo da littattafai 3,000 a cikin shekarar farko ta wanzuwa.^[8].

An kuma ce kamfanin Dewey's Library Bureau ya gabatar da fayiloli masu rataye a tsaye, wanda aka fara gani a nunin Columbian na 1893 a Chicago.^[9]A cikin 1905, Dewey ya kafa Cibiyar Nazarin Laburare ta Amirka, wadda ƙungiya ce da aka yi tunani don samar da bincike, nazari, da kuma tattauna batutuwan da ke cikin fannin ka'idar ɗakin karatu da aiki.^[10]

1. ↑ [1]Wedgeworth, Robert (1993). World Encyclopedia of Library and Information Services (3rd ed.). Chicago: America Library Association. p. 250. ISBN 0838906095.
2. ↑ [2] Anna Elliott (May 1981). "Melvil Dewey: A Singular and Contentious Life" (PDF). Wilson Library Bulletin. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 10, 2008.
3. ↑ [3]Wiegand, Wayne A. (1996). Irrepressible reformer : a biography of Melvil Dewey. Chicago: American Library Association. p. 14. ISBN 9780838906804.
4. ↑ [8]Weigand, Wayne A., and Donald G. Davis (1994). Encyclopedia of Library History. Taylor & Francis, p. 388. ISBN 0-8240-5787-2
5. ↑ [9]"DEWEY, MELVIL (1851–)", in: Encyclopædia Britannica (Eleventh ed.), Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911), Cambridge University Press.
6. ↑ [10]Scheppke, Jim. "Origins of the Oregon State Library". Oregon.gov. Archived from the original on April 10, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2022.
7. ↑ [11]"Library Bureau – Our Legacy". Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved July 4, 2011.
8. ↑ [12]Lee, Michael M. Melvil Dewey (1851–1931): His Educational Contributions and Reforms. 1979. Print.
9. ↑ [13]Erik Larson (2003). Devil in the White City.
10. ↑ [14]"American Library Institute". ALA Archives. Retrieved 25 March 2022.