Jump to content

Ismail al-Jazari

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Ismail al-Jazari
Rayuwa
Haihuwa Upper Mesopotamia (en) Fassara, 1164
ƙasa Artuqids (en) Fassara
Mutuwa Turkiyya, 1206 (Gregorian)
Karatu
Harsuna Larabci
Sana'a
Sana'a masanin lissafi, inventor (en) Fassara, marubuci, injiniya, Ilimin Taurari, Ulama'u da gnomonist (en) Fassara
Muhimman ayyuka The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices (en) Fassara
Imani
Addini Musulunci

Badī’ az-Zaman Abu l-Izz bin Ismā’īl bin ar-Razāz al-Jazarī (1136–1206, Arabic: بَدِيعُ الزَّمانِ أَبُو العِزِّ بْنُ إِسْماعِيلَ بِنْ إِلَّا إِلَيْزِيلَ بَدِيعُ الزَّمِينِ  [ældʒæzæriː]) masanin ilimin lissafi ne na musulmi: [1]malami, mai ƙirƙira, injiniyan injiniya, mai fasaha kuma mai fasaha daga Daular Artuqid na Jazira a [2]Mesopotamiya.  An fi saninsa da rubuta Littafin Ilimin Ingenious Mechanical Devices (Larabci: كتاب في معرفة الحيل الهندسية, romanized: Kitab fi ma'rifat al-hiyal al-handasiya, lit. 'Littafin ilmin injiniyan dabaru', wanda aka fi sani da Automata, inda aka siffanta shi da na'urorin injiniya, kuma aka fi sani da Automata 12050).  don gina su.  Daya daga cikin abubuwan da ya fi shahara shi ne agogon giwaye[3].  An bayyana shi a matsayin "uban na'ura mai kwakwalwa" da injiniyan zamani.[4]

Tarihin Rayuwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Al-Jazari a yankin Upper Mesopotamiya a shekara ta 1136. Majiyoyi sun bayyana cewa ba a san ainihin inda yake ba, amma sun yi hasashen cewa zai yiwu a haife shi a Jazirat bn Umar, inda ya samu sunan Jazari daga ko kuma Al-Jazira wanda ake amfani da shi wajen ma'anar saman Mesopotamiya[5][6][7].  Bayanan tarihin rayuwa daya da aka sani game da shi yana kunshe ne a cikin littafinsa na sanin na'urorin injina.[8] Kamar mahaifinsa a gabansa, ya yi aiki a matsayin babban injiniya a fadar Artuklu, mazaunin reshen Mardin na Artuqids wanda ya yi mulki a fadin Mesofotamiya ta sama a matsayin mataimakan daular Zengid na Mosul sannan daga baya Ayyubid janar Saladin.[9]  Ba a san ƙabilarsa ba, don haka an kwatanta shi daban-daban a matsayin Balarabe,[10][11]: 21 [12][13] Kurdishko Farisa[14].

Injin Jawo Ruwa

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Al-Jazari ya kirkiro injina guda biyar na kiwon ruwa,[15] da kuma injina na ruwa da kuma ƙafafun ruwa tare da kyamarori a kan axle ɗinsu da ake amfani da su don sarrafa automata, [16] a cikin ƙarni na 12 da 13, kuma ya kwatanta su a cikin 1206. A cikin waɗannan injinan kiwon ruwa ne ya gabatar da mafi mahimmancin ra'ayoyinsa da sassansa.

Manazarta

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]
  1. ↑ [2]Burman, Thomas E. (2022). The Sea in the Middle The Mediterranean World, 650–1650. University of California Press. p. 254.
  2. ↑ [14]Genovese, Michael A. (2013). Building Tomorrow's Leaders Today: On Becoming a Polymath Leader. Routledge. p. 5. ISBN 9781317930921. Al-Jazari (1136– 1204) was a Kurdish astronomer, mathematician, Islamic scholar, innovator, and ... Yazdani, Kaveh (2017). India, Modernity and the Great Divergence: Mysore and Gujarat (17th to 19th C.). BRILL. p. 113. ISBN 9789004330795. The Kurdish polymath Al-Jazari (1136–1206), for example, built animal- and water-driven devices for raising irrigation water, suctionpumps, cranks
  3. ↑ [3]Beckwith 1997, p. 290.
  4. ↑ [4]Jorge Elices (30 July 2020). "Ismail al-Jazari, the Muslim inventor whom some call the 'Father of Robotics'". National Geographic. National Geographic Society. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
  5. ↑ [5]Islamic Scientific Thought and Muslim Achievements in Science: Papers Presented. Ministry of Science and Technology, National Hijra Centenary Committee, and Organization of Islamic Conference. 1983. As the Arabs called upper Mesopotamia **al Jazire" meaning "island", it is quite possible that he was born in this area and therefore referred to as al-Jazari.
  6. ↑ [7]Meisami, Julie Scott; Starkey, Paul (1998). Encyclopedia of Arabic Literature. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-18571-4. Born in Jazirat al-'Umar, al-Jazari is most noted as the author of
  7. ↑ [6]Dr. Norman Smith (4 April 1974). "The Arabian legacy". New Scientist (Book review). Vol. 61, no. 992. Reed Business Information. p. 35. Born in Upper Mesopotamia in the 12th century ad al-Jazari was employed, from about 1180 onwards, by the rulers of ...
  8. ↑ [8]Lotfi Romdhane; Saïd Zeghloul (2010). "al-Jazari (1136–1206)". In Marco Ceccarelli (ed.). Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science - Part 2. History of Mechanism and Machine Science. Vol. 7. Springer. pp. 1–21. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2346-9. ISBN 978-90-481-2345-2.
  9. ↑ [9]Donald Hill, "Mechanical Engineering in the Medieval Near East", Scientific American, May 1991, pp. 64-9 (cf. Donald Hill, Mechanical Engineering Archived 25 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine)
  10. ↑ [11]Banū Mūsā (1979). The Book of Ingenious Devices/Kitáb al-Ḥiyal: Kitáb al-Hiyal. Translated by Donald R. Hill. D. Reidel Publishing Company. ISBN 90-277-0833-9.
  11. ↑ [10]Michael Hacker; David Burghardt; Linnea Fletcher; Anthony Gordon; William Peruzzi, eds. (2010). Engineering and Technology. Delmar Cengage Learning. p. 33.
  12. ↑ [13]Cesare Rossi; Flavio Russo, eds. (2017). Ancient Engineers' Inventions: Precursors of the Present. Springer International Publishing. p. 364
  13. ↑ [12]Mehmet Aga-Oglu (November 1931). "On a Manuscript by Al-Jazari". Parnassus. 3 (7): 27. doi:10.1080/15436314.1931.11666681.
  14. ↑ [15]Carl W. Hall, ed. (2008). A Biographical Dictionary of People in Engineering. Purdue University Press. p. 5.
  15. ↑ [1]al-Jazari, The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices: Kitáb fí ma'rifat al-hiyal al-handasiyya, transl. & anno. Donald R. Hill. (1973), Springer Science+Business Media.
  16. ↑ [34]Donald Hill (1996), A History of Engineering in Classical and Medieval Times, Routledge, p. 224
Daga "https://ha.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ismail_al-Jazari&oldid=592181"