lappaa

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Finnish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *lappadak. Cognates include Estonian lappama, Ingrian lappaa and Livvi lappua.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈlɑpːɑːˣ/, [ˈlɑ̝pːɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑpːɑː
  • Hyphenation(key): lap‧paa

Verb

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lappaa

  1. (transitive) to scoop, shovel, draw; to lift (and throw) with a scoop, ladle, shovel, spoon, etc.
    Synonyms: ammentaa, mättää
  2. (transitive) to shove, cram
    Synonyms: ahtaa, mättää, sulloa, syytää
  3. (transitive) to feed (in/out) (a rope, etc.), drag (a net, etc.)
    Synonyms: suoltaa, syöttää, vetää

Conjugation

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Inflection of lappaa (Kotus type 56*B/kaivaa, pp-p gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lapan en lapa 1st sing. olen lappanut en ole lappanut
2nd sing. lapat et lapa 2nd sing. olet lappanut et ole lappanut
3rd sing. lappaa ei lapa 3rd sing. on lappanut ei ole lappanut
1st plur. lapamme emme lapa 1st plur. olemme lappaneet emme ole lappaneet
2nd plur. lapatte ette lapa 2nd plur. olette lappaneet ette ole lappaneet
3rd plur. lappavat eivät lapa 3rd plur. ovat lappaneet eivät ole lappaneet
passive lapetaan ei lapeta passive on lapettu ei ole lapettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lapoin en lappanut 1st sing. olin lappanut en ollut lappanut
2nd sing. lapoit et lappanut 2nd sing. olit lappanut et ollut lappanut
3rd sing. lappoi ei lappanut 3rd sing. oli lappanut ei ollut lappanut
1st plur. lapoimme emme lappaneet 1st plur. olimme lappaneet emme olleet lappaneet
2nd plur. lapoitte ette lappaneet 2nd plur. olitte lappaneet ette olleet lappaneet
3rd plur. lappoivat eivät lappaneet 3rd plur. olivat lappaneet eivät olleet lappaneet
passive lapettiin ei lapettu passive oli lapettu ei ollut lapettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lappaisin en lappaisi 1st sing. olisin lappanut en olisi lappanut
2nd sing. lappaisit et lappaisi 2nd sing. olisit lappanut et olisi lappanut
3rd sing. lappaisi ei lappaisi 3rd sing. olisi lappanut ei olisi lappanut
1st plur. lappaisimme emme lappaisi 1st plur. olisimme lappaneet emme olisi lappaneet
2nd plur. lappaisitte ette lappaisi 2nd plur. olisitte lappaneet ette olisi lappaneet
3rd plur. lappaisivat eivät lappaisi 3rd plur. olisivat lappaneet eivät olisi lappaneet
passive lapettaisiin ei lapettaisi passive olisi lapettu ei olisi lapettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. lapa älä lapa 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. lappakoon älköön lappako 3rd sing. olkoon lappanut älköön olko lappanut
1st plur. lappakaamme älkäämme lappako 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. lappakaa älkää lappako 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. lappakoot älkööt lappako 3rd plur. olkoot lappaneet älkööt olko lappaneet
passive lapettakoon älköön lapettako passive olkoon lapettu älköön olko lapettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lappanen en lappane 1st sing. lienen lappanut en liene lappanut
2nd sing. lappanet et lappane 2nd sing. lienet lappanut et liene lappanut
3rd sing. lappanee ei lappane 3rd sing. lienee lappanut ei liene lappanut
1st plur. lappanemme emme lappane 1st plur. lienemme lappaneet emme liene lappaneet
2nd plur. lappanette ette lappane 2nd plur. lienette lappaneet ette liene lappaneet
3rd plur. lappanevat eivät lappane 3rd plur. lienevät lappaneet eivät liene lappaneet
passive lapettaneen ei lapettane passive lienee lapettu ei liene lapettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st lappaa present lappava lapettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st lappaakseni lappaaksemme
2nd lappaaksesi lappaaksenne
3rd lappaakseen
lappaaksensa
past lappanut lapettu
2nd inessive2 lappaessa lapettaessa agent4 lappama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st lappaessani lappaessamme
2nd lappaessasi lappaessanne
3rd lappaessaan
lappaessansa
negative lappamaton
instructive lappaen —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form lappaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd inessive lappamassa —
elative lappamasta —
illative lappamaan —
adessive lappamalla —
abessive lappamatta —
instructive lappaman lapettaman
4th3 verbal noun lappaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st lappamaisillani lappamaisillamme
2nd lappamaisillasi lappamaisillanne
3rd lappamaisillaan
lappamaisillansa

Derived terms

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Further reading

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Ingrian

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *lappadak. Cognates include Finnish lappaa and Estonian lapata.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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lappaa

  1. (transitive) to drag
Conjugation
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Conjugation of lappaa (type 4/antaa, pp-p gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular lapan en lapa 1st singular oon lappant, oon lappanut en oo lappant, en oo lappanut
2nd singular lapat et lapa 2nd singular oot lappant, oot lappanut et oo lappant, et oo lappanut
3rd singular lappaa ei lapa 3rd singular ono lappant, ono lappanut ei oo lappant, ei oo lappanut
1st plural lapamma emmä lapa 1st plural oomma lappaneet emmä oo lappaneet
2nd plural lapatta että lapa 2nd plural ootta lappaneet että oo lappaneet
3rd plural lappaat1), lappavat2), lapetaa evät lapa, ei lapeta 3rd plural ovat lappaneet evät oo lappaneet, ei oo lapettu
impersonal lapetaa ei lapeta impersonal ono lapettu ei oo lapettu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular lapoin en lappant, en lappanut 1st singular olin lappant, olin lappanut en olt lappant, en olt lappanut
2nd singular lapoit et lappant, et lappanut 2nd singular olit lappant, olit lappanut et olt lappant, et olt lappanut
3rd singular lappoi ei lappant, ei lappanut 3rd singular oli lappant, oli lappanut ei olt lappant, ei olt lappanut
1st plural lapoimma emmä lappaneet 1st plural olimma lappaneet emmä olleet lappaneet
2nd plural lapoitta että lappaneet 2nd plural olitta lappaneet että olleet lappaneet
3rd plural lappoit1), lappoivat2), lapettii evät lappaneet, ei lapettu 3rd plural olivat lappaneet evät olleet lappaneet, ei olt lapettu
impersonal lapettii ei lapettu impersonal oli lapettu ei olt lapettu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular lappaisin en lappais 1st singular olisin lappant, olisin lappanut en olis lappant, en olis lappanut
2nd singular lappaisit, lappaist1) et lappais 2nd singular olisit lappant, olisit lappanut et olis lappant, et olis lappanut
3rd singular lappais ei lappais 3rd singular olis lappant, olis lappanut ei olis lappant, ei olis lappanut
1st plural lappaisimma emmä lappais 1st plural olisimma lappaneet emmä olis lappaneet
2nd plural lappaisitta että lappais 2nd plural olisitta lappaneet että olis lappaneet
3rd plural lappaisiit1), lappaisivat2), lapettais evät lappais, ei lapettais 3rd plural olisivat lappaneet evät olis lappaneet, ei olis lapettu
impersonal lapettais ei lapettais impersonal olis lapettu ei olis lapettu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular lapa elä lapa 2nd singular oo lappant, oo lappanut elä oo lappant, elä oo lappanut
3rd singular lappakoo elköö lappako 3rd singular olkoo lappant, olkoo lappanut elköö olko lappant, elköö olko lappanut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural lappakaa elkää lappako 2nd plural olkaa lappaneet elkää olko lappaneet
3rd plural lappakoot elkööt lappako, elköö lapettako 3rd plural olkoot lappaneet elkööt olko lappaneet, elköö olko lapettu
impersonal lapettakkoo elköö lapettako impersonal olkoo lapettu elköö olko lapettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular lappanen en lappane
2nd singular lappanet et lappane
3rd singular lappanoo ei lappane
1st plural lappanemma emmä lappane
2nd plural lappanetta että lappane
3rd plural lappanoot evät lappane, ei lapettane
impersonal lapettannoo ei lapettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st lappaa present lappava lapettava
2nd inessive lappajees past lappant, lappanut lapettu
instructive lappaen 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (lappakaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative lappamaa
inessive lappamaas
elative lappamast
abessive lappamata
4th nominative lappamiin
partitive lappamista, lappamist

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lappaa

  1. inflection of lappa:
    1. partitive singular
    2. illative singular

Etymology 3

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lappaa

  1. inflection of lapa (“weaving mistake”):
    1. partitive singular
    2. illative singular

Etymology 4

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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lappaa

  1. inflection of lapa (“blade”):
    1. partitive singular
    2. illative singular

References

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  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 249
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