beköp
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Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]beköp
- (intransitive) to spit over something into another closed space
- A kerítésen át beköpött az udvarra. ― He spat over the fence into the yard.
- (transitive) to spit (to emit or expel something from the mouth)
- Beköpött a szobába egy cseresznyemagot. ― He spat a cherry pit into the room.
- (transitive, of fly) to flyblow, to contaminate with flyblows
- (transitive, slang) to squeal, snitch, grass up, rat on, inform on, peach on someone (to betray by informing on)
- (transitive, figuratively) to make a witty, amusing comment in front of an audience or in a conversation
- Synonym: bemond
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of beköp
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | beköpök | beköpsz | beköp | beköpünk | beköptök | beköpnek | |
Def. | beköpöm | beköpöd | beköpi | beköpjük | beköpitek | beköpik | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköplek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | beköptem | beköptél | beköpött | beköptünk | beköptetek | beköptek | ||
Def. | beköptem | beköpted | beköpte | beköptük | beköptétek | beköpték | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköptelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. be fog köpni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | beköpék | beköpél | beköpe | beköpénk | beköpétek | beköpének | ||
Def. | beköpém | beköpéd | beköpé | beköpénk | beköpétek | beköpék | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköpélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. beköp vala, beköpött vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | beköpendek | beköpendesz | beköpend | beköpendünk | beköpendetek | beköpendenek | ||
Def. | beköpendem | beköpended | beköpendi | beköpendjük | beköpenditek | beköpendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköpendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | beköpnék | beköpnél | beköpne | beköpnénk | beköpnétek | beköpnének | |
Def. | beköpném | beköpnéd | beköpné | beköpnénk (or beköpnők) |
beköpnétek | beköpnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköpnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. beköpött volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | beköpjek | beköpj or beköpjél |
beköpjön | beköpjünk | beköpjetek | beköpjenek | |
Def. | beköpjem | beköpd or beköpjed |
beköpje | beköpjük | beköpjétek | beköpjék | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköpjelek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. beköpött légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | beköpni | beköpnöm | beköpnöd | beköpnie | beköpnünk | beköpnötök | beköpniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
beköpés | beköpő | beköpött | beköpendő | beköpve (beköpvén) | beköpet | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem köp be or be is köp. |
potential conjugation of beköp
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | beköphetek | beköphetsz | beköphet | beköphetünk | beköphettek | beköphetnek | |
Def. | beköphetem | beköpheted | beköpheti | beköphetjük | beköphetitek | beköphetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköphetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | beköphettem | beköphettél | beköphetett | beköphettünk | beköphettetek | beköphettek | ||
Def. | beköphettem | beköphetted | beköphette | beköphettük | beköphettétek | beköphették | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköphettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | beköpheték | beköphetél | beköphete | beköpheténk | beköphetétek | beköphetének | ||
Def. | beköphetém | beköphetéd | beköpheté | beköpheténk | beköphetétek | beköpheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköphetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. beköphet vala, beköphetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | beköphetendek or beköpandhatok |
beköphetendesz or beköpandhatsz |
beköphetend or beköpandhat |
beköphetendünk or beköpandhatunk |
beköphetendetek or beköpandhattok |
beköphetendenek or beköpandhatnak | ||
Def. | beköphetendem or beköpandhatom |
beköphetended or beköpandhatod |
beköphetendi or beköpandhatja |
beköphetendjük or beköpandhatjuk |
beköphetenditek or beköpandhatjátok |
beköphetendik or beköpandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköphetendelek or beköpandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | beköphetnék | beköphetnél | beköphetne | beköphetnénk | beköphetnétek | beköphetnének | |
Def. | beköphetném | beköphetnéd | beköphetné | beköphetnénk (or beköphetnők) |
beköphetnétek | beköphetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköphetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. beköphetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | beköphessek | beköphess or beköphessél |
beköphessen | beköphessünk | beköphessetek | beköphessenek | |
Def. | beköphessem | beköphesd or beköphessed |
beköphesse | beköphessük | beköphessétek | beköphessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | beköphesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. beköphetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (beköphetni) | (beköphetnem) | (beköphetned) | (beköphetnie) | (beköphetnünk) | (beköphetnetek) | (beköphetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | beköphető | Neg. adj. | beköphetetlen | Adv. part. | (beköphetve / beköphetvén) | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem köphet be or be is köphet. |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- beköp in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- beköp in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).