bőg
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "bog"
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From an onomatopoeia + -g (frequentative suffix).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]bőg
- (intransitive, of animals) to moo
- (intransitive, of humans, especially children) to cry
- (transitive) to boom (to exclaim with force, to shout)
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of bőg
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bőgök | bőgsz | bőg | bőgünk | bőgtök | bőgnek | |
| Def. | bőgöm | bőgöd | bőgi | bőgjük | bőgitek | bőgik | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőglek | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | bőgtem | bőgtél | bőgött | bőgtünk | bőgtetek | bőgtek | ||
| Def. | bőgtem | bőgted | bőgte | bőgtük | bőgtétek | bőgték | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőgtelek | ― | |||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. bőgni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bőgék | bőgél | bőge | bőgénk | bőgétek | bőgének | ||
| Def. | bőgém | bőgéd | bőgé | bőgénk | bőgétek | bőgék | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőgélek | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. bőg vala, bőgött vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | bőgendek | bőgendesz | bőgend | bőgendünk | bőgendetek | bőgendenek | ||
| Def. | bőgendem | bőgended | bőgendi | bőgendjük | bőgenditek | bőgendik | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőgendelek | ― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bőgnék | bőgnél | bőgne | bőgnénk | bőgnétek | bőgnének | |
| Def. | bőgném | bőgnéd | bőgné | bőgnénk (or bőgnők) |
bőgnétek | bőgnék | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőgnélek | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bőgött volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bőgjek | bőgj or bőgjél |
bőgjön | bőgjünk | bőgjetek | bőgjenek | |
| Def. | bőgjem | bőgd or bőgjed |
bőgje | bőgjük | bőgjétek | bőgjék | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőgjelek | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bőgött légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | bőgni | bőgnöm | bőgnöd | bőgnie | bőgnünk | bőgnötök | bőgniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| bőgés | bőgő | bőgött | bőgendő | bőgve (bőgvén) | |||||
| The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of bőg
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | bőghetek | bőghetsz | bőghet | bőghetünk | bőghettek | bőghetnek | |
| Def. | bőghetem | bőgheted | bőgheti | bőghetjük | bőghetitek | bőghetik | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőghetlek | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indef. | bőghettem | bőghettél | bőghetett | bőghettünk | bőghettetek | bőghettek | ||
| Def. | bőghettem | bőghetted | bőghette | bőghettük | bőghettétek | bőghették | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőghettelek | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | bőgheték | bőghetél | bőghete | bőgheténk | bőghetétek | bőghetének | ||
| Def. | bőghetém | bőghetéd | bőgheté | bőgheténk | bőghetétek | bőgheték | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőghetélek | ― | |||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. bőghet vala, bőghetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | bőghetendek or bőgandhatok |
bőghetendesz or bőgandhatsz |
bőghetend or bőgandhat |
bőghetendünk or bőgandhatunk |
bőghetendetek or bőgandhattok |
bőghetendenek or bőgandhatnak | ||
| Def. | bőghetendem or bőgandhatom |
bőghetended or bőgandhatod |
bőghetendi or bőgandhatja |
bőghetendjük or bőgandhatjuk |
bőghetenditek or bőgandhatjátok |
bőghetendik or bőgandhatják | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőghetendelek or bőgandhatlak |
― | |||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | bőghetnék | bőghetnél | bőghetne | bőghetnénk | bőghetnétek | bőghetnének | |
| Def. | bőghetném | bőghetnéd | bőghetné | bőghetnénk (or bőghetnők) |
bőghetnétek | bőghetnék | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőghetnélek | ― | |||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. bőghetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | bőghessek | bőghess or bőghessél |
bőghessen | bőghessünk | bőghessetek | bőghessenek | |
| Def. | bőghessem | bőghesd or bőghessed |
bőghesse | bőghessük | bőghessétek | bőghessék | |||
| 2nd-p. o. | bőghesselek | ― | |||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. bőghetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (bőghetni) | (bőghetnem) | (bőghetned) | (bőghetnie) | (bőghetnünk) | (bőghetnetek) | (bőghetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | bőghető | Neg. adj. | bőghetetlen | Adv. part. | (bőghetve / bőghetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit](With verbal prefixes):
References
[edit]- ^ bőg in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- bőg in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- bőg in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).