互

See also: 亙

互	U+4E92, 互 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E92

← 云
[U+4E91]

CJK Unified Ideographs

亓 →
[U+4E93]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

互 (Kangxi radical 7, 二+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一女弓一 (MVNM), four-corner 1010₇, composition ⿱一彑)

Derived characters

仾冱坘枑沍䊺魱宐䇘𠯞𪥦𢎸𢗝𢪔𣅥𪸒𤜷𥘡𦍞𦙁𦨝𧘢𧥮𧿟𨋆𨠂𨥛𨸧𩉱𩚢𪏳𧺳𨚎𩿍𡗨𦊂𦊍𦬚𠀕

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 86, character 9
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 255
Dae Jaweon: page 178, character 2
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 14, character 1
Unihan data for U+4E92

Chinese

simp. and trad.		互
alternative forms		弖

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 互
Small seal script s03386 s03387 Transcribed ancient scripts L20734 L20735 L20736
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (互) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
魱	*ɡaː
互	*ɡaːs
冱	*ɡaːs
枑	*ɡaːs

Ideogram (指事) : 牙 and a distinguishing mark. Early texts often used 互 and 牙 interchangeably.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hù (hu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): fu

(Meixian, Guangdong): fu¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hō͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): hu⁵ / hu⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hù
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hù
  - Wade–Giles: hu⁴
  - Yale: hù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huh
  - Palladius: ху (xu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: wu⁶
  - Yale: wuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: wu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fu
  - Hakka Romanization System: fu
  - Hagfa Pinyim: fu⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: fu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /fu⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ho
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hu⁵ / hu⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hû / hŭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁵⁵/, /hu³⁵/

Note:

hu5 - Chaozhou;
hu6 - Shantou.

Middle Chinese: huH

Rime
Character	互
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡誤切
Baxter	huH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ^H/
Li Rong	/ɣo^H/
Wang Li	/ɣu^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-qˤaʔ-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	互
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hù
Middle Chinese	‹ hu^H ›
Old Chinese	/*m-qˁaʔ-s/
English	intertwining
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	互
Reading #	1/1
No.	5288
Phonetic component	互
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	護
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːs/

Definitions

互

mutually; reciprocally
- 荒路曖交通，鷄犬互鳴吠 [MSC, trad.]
  荒路暧交通，鸡犬互鸣吠 [MSC, simp.]
  From: Tao Yuanming The Peach Blossom Spring (桃花源記) (trans. Herbert Allen Giles)
  huāng lù ài jiāotōng, jī quǎn hù míng fèi [Pinyin]
  Highways of traffic ran north and south; sounds of crowing cocks and barking dogs were heard around.
mutual
crisscrossing; intertwining
^† Alternative form of 䇘 (hù, “a tool to wind up cord”)
^† Alternative form of 枑 (hù, “wooden rack”)
^† error; mistake
^† gate
^† crustacean
a surname

Usage notes

互 (hù) usually modifies a verb of one syllable, while its negative 互不 usually modifies a verb of two.

Compounds

互不侵犯
互不相讓／互不相让 (hùbùxiāngràng)
互保
互信 (hùxìn)
互切互磋
互利 (hùlì)
互別苗頭／互别苗头
互助 (hùzhù, “to help each other”)
互助合作
互助會／互助会 (hùzhùhuì)
互勉 (hùmiǎn)
互動／互动 (hùdòng, “interactive”)
互動媒體／互动媒体
互動式／互动式 (hùdòngshì)
互定
互市 (hùshì)
互惠 (hùhuì)
互惠原則／互惠原则
互惠關稅／互惠关税
互感應／互感应 (hùgǎnyìng)
互換／互换 (hùhuàn)
互毆／互殴 (hù'ōu)
互物
互生
互用
互異／互异
互相 (hùxiāng, “each other”)
互相為謀／互相为谋 (hùxiāngwéimóu)
互粉 (hùfěn, “to follow or friend each other”)
互補／互补 (hùbǔ)
互補色／互补色 (hùbǔsè)
互見／互见
互角
互訓／互训
互託肝膽／互托肝胆
互調／互调
互讓／互让 (hùràng)
互質／互质 (hùzhì)
互通 (hùtōng)
互通有無／互通有无
互選／互选
互鄉／互乡
交互作用
仁智互見／仁智互见
共榮互利／共荣互利 (“to benefit mutually and prosper together”)
利弊互見／利弊互见
反目互毆／反目互殴
平等互惠
犬牙差互
瑕瑜互見／瑕瑜互见
盤互／盘互
相互 (xiānghù)
相互作用 (xiānghù zuòyòng)
社會互動／社会互动 (shèhuì hùdòng)
舛互
輪互／轮互
轚互／𰺟互
館際互借／馆际互借 (guǎnjì hùjiè)
首尾乖互

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hō͘

(Teochew, Peng'im): hou⁷

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘
  - Tâi-lô: hōo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ho
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔ³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: hou⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hōu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hou¹¹/

Definitions

互

(Southern Min) Alternative form of 予

Japanese

Kanji

互

(Jōyō kanji)

mutually, reciprocally

Readings

Go-on: ご (go, Jōyō)
Kan-on: こ (ko)
Kun: たがい (tagai, 互い, Jōyō)^{←たがひ (tagafi, 互ひ, historical)}

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

互 (eum 호 (ho))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

互: Hán Nôm readings: hỗ, hổ

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation