γονεύς

Ancient Greek

From o-grade of the root of γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “to be born”) +‎ -εύς (-eús, “-er”, masculine agent noun suffix).^[1]

γονεύς • (goneús) m (genitive γονέως); third declension

(mostly in plural) parent
- 7th–6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Demeter 240
- 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 235
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 6.27
- 385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 178B
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.109
- 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 457D
progenitor, ancestor
- 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.91
- 4th century BC, Isaeus, Ciron 32
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Generation of Animals 722A.8
- 408 BCE – 334 BCE, Antiphanes Comicus, Collected Works 261

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ γονεύς ho goneús	τὼ γονῆ tṑ gonê	οἱ γονῆς / γονεῖς hoi gonês / goneîs
Genitive	τοῦ γονέως toû gonéōs	τοῖν γονέοιν toîn gonéoin	τῶν γονέων tôn gonéōn
Dative	τῷ γονεῖ tôi goneî	τοῖν γονέοιν toîn gonéoin	τοῖς γονεῦσῐ / γονεῦσῐν toîs goneûsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν γονέᾱ tòn gonéā	τὼ γονῆ tṑ gonê	τοὺς γονέᾱς toùs gonéās
Vocative	γονεῦ goneû	γονῆ gonê	γονῆς / γονεῖς gonês / goneîs
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γίγνομαι (> DER > 1. > γονεύς)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 272-3

“γονεύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“γονεύς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
γονεύς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
γονεύς in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
“γονεύς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G1118 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- begetter idem, page 70.
- parent idem, page 592.
- procreator idem, page 644.
- propagator idem, page 653.