Translation:Shulchan Aruch/Orach Chaim/101
101: That one must have Intent regarding all the blessings, and that one can pray in any language.
1 One who prays needs to concentrate while saying all the berachos. And if one is not able to concentrate during all of them, he should at least concentrate during Avos. If he did not concentrate during Avos, even if he concentrated during all of the rest, he should return and pray.
Gloss: (And nowadays, we do not return due to lack of "kavanah" because even when one will return, it is probable that he will not have "kavanah". If so, why should he go back?) (Tur).
2 And one should not pray just in his heart, but actually says the words with his lips and lets them be heard to his ears, quietly, and he should not let his voice be heard. And if he can not have intent quietly, he is permitted to raise his voice. And these words are when he is by himself; but in public, it is forbidden because he will come to disturb the public.
Gloss: And if he lets his voice be heard to his house members when he prays so that his house members shall learn from him, it is permitted (Tur).
3 There are those who say that on Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur it is permitted to let his voice be heard with his prayer even in public.
Gloss: And so is the custom. And nevertheless, they should be careful not to raise their voice too much (Sermons of Mahariv).
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