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The Gustavian Dynasty (c. 1770), a painting of early sovereigns, most probably by Ulrika Pasch.[1]

The style of the Swedish sovereign is the formal mode of address of the Monarch of Sweden. Its precise form has changed over time, either by geopolitical changes or the replacement of ruling house. Traditionally, the monarch's official short title was 'by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends' and have been used since the early modern period.[2] The title of 'King of the Wends' was adopted by Gustav I of Sweden to contend against Christian III of Denmark, who included 'King of the Goths' to the Danish royal style without justification.[3] Later upon their ascensions to the throne, Margrethe II of Denmark and Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden removed all titles except 'Queen of Denmark' and 'King of Sweden' respectively, thus ending nearly five centuries of dispute.

List of styles

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This list only include monarchs subsequent to the reign of Christian II of Denmark, specifically since 6 June 1523 when Gustav Ericsson of Vasa was elected king, thereby marking the end of foreign rule in the Kingdom of Sweden. Due to him, the House of Vasa was inaugurated as the first monarchical dynasty to rule a unified Swedish kingdom. Prior to his process of radical change, the kingdom was part of the Kalmar Union and was ruled by many petty and legendary kings before that. During the period of consolidation until the reign of Magnus IV of Sweden, most monarchs was styled 'King of the Swedes'.

Monarch Period Style in Swedish English translation Ref
House of Vasa
Gustav I
(1496–1560) 		1523–1528 Wij Göstaff medth Gudz naadth wtwaldth Swerigis ok Götes konungh We Gustav, by the Grace of God, Elected King of Sweden and the Goths [a][4][5][6]
1528–1538 Wii Göstuff medh Gudz nadhe Suerigis och Götes konung We Gustav, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden and the Goths
1538–1560 Wij Gustaf medh Gudz Nåde, Sweriges, Göthes och Wendes Konung We Gustav, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends
Eric XIV
(1533–1577) 		1560–1568 Wij Erich Medh Gudz Nådz Sweriges, Götis och Wendes Konungh We Eric, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends
John III
(1537–1592) 		1569–1581 Wy Jahan medh Gudz nåde Swerigis, Göthes och Wendes Konungh We John, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends
1581–1583 Vi Jahan medh Gudz nådhe Sverigis, Göthes och Vändes konung, storfurste till Finland, Carelen, Ingermanland och Solonski Petin i Rydzland och öfver the Ester i Lifland hertigh We John, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Karelia, the Pyatina of Shelon, Ingria, Russia, the Estonians and Livonia
1583–1592 Wy Jahan med Gudz näde Swerigis, Göthes och Wendes konungh, storfurste till Findlandh, Carelen, Wätzski Petin och Ingermanlandh i Rydzlandh och öfwer the Eester i Liffland hertig We John, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Karelia, the Pyatina of the Wods, Ingria, Russia, the Estonians and Livonia
Sigismund
(1566–1632) 		1592–1599 Wii Sigismundus medh Guds nåde Sweriges, Göthes ock Wändes konungh, storfurste till Finland, Karelen, Wåtschipethin ock Ingermannland vthi Rysland ock öfwer the Ester i Liffland hertig, så ock konungh till Pålen, storfurste till Littawen, Rydzen, Pryssen, Masurien, Samogitien, Kiouenn, Wolin ock Liffland herre We Sigismund, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Karelia, the Pyatina of the Wods, Ingria, Russia, the Estonians and Livonia, King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, Lord of Russia, Prussia, Mazovia, Samogitia, Kyiv, Volhynia and Livonia
Charles IX
(1550–1611) 		1599–1604 Wij Karll med Guds nåde Sveriges Rijkes arffurste, Hertig till Sudermanneland, Nerike och Wermeland We Charles, by the Grace of God, Regent of Sweden, Duke of Sudermania, Nericia and Varmelandia
1604–1607 Wii Carll medh Gudz nåde Sweriges riikis wttkorade konungh, hertig till Sudermannelanndh, Näriche ock Wermelanndh We Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, Duke of Sudermania, Nericia and Varmelandia
1607–1611 Wii Karll medh Gudz nåde Sweriges, Göthes, Wändes, Finners, Carelers, Lappers i Norlanden, the Caijaners ock Esters i Liffland &c. Konungh We Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths, the Wends, the Finns, the Karelians, the Lapps of the Northern Lands, the Cajanians, the Estonians and Livonia
Gustav II Adolph
(1594–1632) 		1611–1617 Wii Gustaf Adolf medh Gudz näde Swerigis Göthis och Wändis vttkorade konung, storfurste till Finlandh, hertigh till Estlandh och Wässmaunelandh We Gustav Adolph, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Estonia and Westmania
1617–1632 Wij Gustaf Adolph medh Gudz nåde, Sueriges, Giötes och Wändes konungh och storfurste till Finlandh, Hertigh wtij Estlandh och Carelen, herre vtöfuer Ingermanlandh We Gustav Adolph, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Estonia and Karelia, Lord of Ingria
Christine
(1626–1689) 		1632–1650 Wii Christina medh Gudz nåde Sweriges, Göthes och Wendes vttkorade drottningh och arffurstinna, storfurstinna till Finlandh, hertiginna uthi Estlandh och Carelen, fröken vttöffuer Ingermannelandh We Christine, by the Grace of God, Queen of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duchess of Finland, Duchess of Estonia and Karelia, Lady of Ingria
1650–1654 Wii Christina medh Gudz nåde Sweriges, Göthes och Wändes drotning, stoorfurstinna till Finland, härtiginna vthi Estland, Carelen, Brehmen, Verden, Stettin, Pommern, Cassuben och Wänden, furstinna till Rügen, frw öfwer Ingermannelandh och Wissmar We Christine, by the Grace of God, Queen of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duchess of Finland, Duchess of Estonia, Karelia, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pomerania, the Kashubians and the Wends, Princess of Rugia, Lady of Ingria and Wismar
House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken
Charles X Gustav
(1622–1660) 		1654–1658 Wij Carl Gustaff medh Gudz nåde, Sweriges Göthes och Wändes Konung, Storfurste till Finland, Hertig vthi Estland Carelen Brehmen, Vehrden, Stettin, Pommern, Cassuben, och Wänden, Furste till Rügen, Herre öfwer Ingermanneland och Wissmar; sa och Pfaltz-Grefwe widh Rhein i Beyern, till Gülich, Clewe och Bergen, Hertig We Charles Gustav, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Estonia, Karelia, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pomerania, the Kashubians and the Wends, Prince of Rugia, Lord of Ingria and Wismar, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke in Bavaria, of Juelich, Cleves and Berg
1658–1660 Wij Carl, medh Gudz nådhe, Sweriges, Göthes och Wendes Konungh, Storfurste til Finnlandh, Hertigh vthi Skåne, Estlandh, Lijfflandh, Carelen, Brehmen, Vehrden, Stettin, Pommern, Cassuben och Wenden, Furste til Rügen, Herre öfwer Ingermanland och Wissmar, så och Pfaltz-Grefwe widh Rhein i Beyern, til Gülich, Cleve och Berghen Hertigh We Charles Gustav, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Scania, Estonia, Livonia, Karelia, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pomerania, the Kashubians and the Wends, Prince of Rugia, Lord of Ingria and Wismar, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke in Bavaria, of Juelich, Cleves and Berg
Charles XI
(1655–1697) 		1660–1697 Wii Carl medh Gudz nåde Sweriges, Göthes och Wändes konung, storförste till Finland, hertigh uthi Skäne, Estland, Liiffland, Carelen, Brehmen, Vehrden, Stettin, Pommern, Cassuben och Wänden, förste till Rügen, herre öfwer Ingermanland och Wissmar, så och pfaltzgrefwe widh Rhein, i Beyern till Gülich, Clewe och Bergen hertigh We Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Scania, Estonia, Livonia, Karelia, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pomerania, the Kashubians and the Wends, Prince of Rugia, Lord of Ingria and Wismar, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke in Bavaria, of Juelich, Cleves and Berg
Charles XII
(1682–1718) 		1697–1718 Den stormäktige ock nådige herren, Karl, medh Gudz Nåde, Sweriges, Göthes ock Vendes Konung, Storfurste till Finland, Hertig uti Skåne, Estland, Livland, Karelen, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pommern, Kassuben ock Venden, Furste till Rügen, Herre öffwer Ingermannland ock Wismar, så ock Pfalzgrefve vid Rhen, i Bayern, samt till Jülich, Kleve ock Bergen Hertig. Grefve till Valdens, Spanheim, Mark ock Ravensburg ock Herre till Ravenstein The Sovereign and Gracious Lord, Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duke of Finland, Duke of Scania, Estonia, Livonia, Karelia, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pomerania, the Kashubians and the Wends, Prince of Rugia, Lord of Ingria and Wismar, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke in Bavaria, of Juelich, Cleves and Berg, Count of Veldenz, Sponheim, Mark and Ravensburg, Lord of Ravenstein
Ulrica Eleanore
(1688–1741) 		1718–1720 Vi Ulrica Eleonora med Guds nåde, Sveriges, Götes och Vendes utkorade drottning, storförstinna till Finland, hertiginna uti Skåne, Estland, Lifland, Carelen, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pommern, Cassuben och Venden, furstinna till Rügen, fru öfver Ingermanland och Wismar, så ock pfaltzgrefvinna vid Rein, i Beijern, till Julich, Cleve och Bergen hertiginna, landtgrefvinna och arfprincessa till Hessen, furstinna till Hirschfeldt, grefvinna till Catzen-Ellenbogen, Dietz, Ziegenheim, Nidda och Schaumburg We Ulrica Eleanore, by the Grace of God, Queen of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Grand Duchess of Finland, Duchess of Scania, Estonia, Livonia, Karelia, Bremen, Verden, Stettin, Pomerania, the Kashubians and the Wends, Princess of Rugia, Lady of Ingria and Wismar, Countess Palatine of the Rhine, Duchess in Bavaria, of Juelich, Cleves and Berg, Landgravine of Hesse, Princess of Hersfeld, Duchess of Katzenelnbogen, Diez, Ziegenhain, Nidda and Schaumburg
House of Hesse-Kassel
Frederick I
(1676–1751) 		1720–1751 Wi Friedrich med Guds Nåde, Sweriges, Giötes och Wendes Konung, Landt-grefwe til Hessen, Först til Hirschfeld, Grefwe till Catzenelnbogen, Dietz, Ziegenhayn, Nidda och Schaumburg We Frederick, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Landgrave of Hesse, Prince of Hersfeld, Count of Katzenelnbogen, Diez, Ziegenhain, Nidda and Schaumburg
House of Holstein-Gottorp
Adolph Frederick
(1710–1771) 		1751–1771 Wi Adolph Friedrich med Guds Nåde, Sweriges, Göthes och Wendes utkorade Konung, Arfvinge till Norrige, Hertig till Schlesswig-Hollstein, Stormaren och Dittmarschen, Grefve till Oldenburg och Delmenhorst We Adolph Frederick, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Heir Apparent of Norway, Duke of Sleswick, Holstein, Stormarn and Dithmarschen, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst
Gustav III
(1746–1792) 		1771–1792 Wi Gustaf med Guds Nåde, Sveriges, Götes och Vendes Konung, Arfvinge till Norrige samt Hertig till Schleswig, Hollsten, Stormarn och Dittmarsen, Grefwe till Oldenburg och Delmenhorst We Gustav, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Heir Apparent of Norway, Duke of Sleswick, Holstein, Stormarn and Dithmarschen, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst
Gustav IV Adolph
(1778–1837) 		1792–1809 Wi Gustaf Adolph med Guds Nåde Sweriges, Göthes och Wendes Konung, Arfwinge til Dannemark och Norrige, Hertig till Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn och Ditmarsen, Grefve till Oldenburg och Delmenborst We Gustav Adolph, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Heir Apparent of Denmark and Norway, Duke of Sleswick, Holstein, Stormarn and Dithmarschen, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst
Charles XIII
(1748–1818) 		1809–1814 Wi Carl med Guds Nåde Sweriges, Göthes och Wendes Konung, Arfwinge til Norrige, Hertig til Schlesswig Hollstein, Stormarn och Ditmarsen, Grefwe til Oldenburg och Delmenhorst We Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends, Heir Apparent of Norway, Duke of Sleswick, Holstein, Stormarn and Dithmarschen, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst
1814–1818 Vi Carl, med Guds Nåde, Sveriges, Norriges, Göthes och Vendes Konung, Hertig till Schlesvig, Hollstein, Stormarn och Ditmarsen, Grefve till Oldenburg och Delmenhorst We Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, Norway, the Goths and the Wends, Duke of Sleswick, Holstein, Stormarn and Dithmarschen, Count of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst
House of Bernadotte
Charles XIV John
(1763–1844) 		1818–1844 Wi Carl Johan, med Guds Nåde, Sveriges, Norriges, Göthes och Wendes Konung We Charles John, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, Norway, the Goths and the Wends
Oscar I
(1799–1859) 		1844–1859 Vi Oscar, med Guds Nåde, Sveriges, Norriges, Göthes och Vendes Konung We Oscar, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, Norway, the Goths and the Wends
Charles XV
(1826–1872) 		1859–1872 Wi Carl, med Guds Nåde, Sveriges, Norriges, Göthes och Wendes Konung We Charles, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, Norway, the Goths and the Wends
Oscar II
(1829–1907) 		1872–1905 Vi Oscar, med Guds nåde, Sveriges, Norges, Götes och Vendes Konung We Oscar, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, Norway, the Goths and the Wends
1905–1907 Vi Oscar, med Guds nåde, Sveriges, Götes och Vendes Konung We Oscar, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends
Gustav V
(1858–1950) 		1907–1950 Vi Gustaf med Guds nåde, Sveriges, Götes och Vendes Konung We Gustav, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends
Gustav VI Adolph
(1882–1973) 		1950–1973 Vi Gustaf Adolf, med Guds nåde, Sveriges, Götes och Vendes Konung We Gustav Adolph, by the Grace of God, King of Sweden, the Goths and the Wends
Charles XVI Gustav
(born 1946) 		1973–present Vi Carl Gustaf, Sveriges konung We Charles Gustav, King of Sweden

See also

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References

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Notes

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  1. ^ He was recognised as hövitsman ('commander') and riksföreståndare ('regent') by the Vadstena assembly of 1521, making him the de facto head of state. He was later elected as king by the Strängnäs assembly of 1523.

Citations

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  1. ^ Persson, Fabian; Price, Munro; Recca, Cinzia, eds. (2023). Resilience and Recovery at Royal Courts, 1200–1840. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 173. ISBN 978-3-031-20122-6.
  2. ^ Westrin, Theodor, ed. (1909). Nordisk familjebok. Vol. 10 (2nd ed.). Stockholm: Nordisk familjeboks förlag. pp. 915.
  3. ^ Guinchard, Joseph, ed. (1914). Sweden: Historical and Statistical Handbook (2nd ed.). Stockholm: P. A. Norstedt & Söner. pp. 188.
  4. ^ REF54 1888, ser. 4, p. 63
  5. ^ REF51 1861, vol. 1, p. 213
  6. ^ REF51 1868, vol. 4, p. 375

Sources

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de

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