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Throxenby

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Coordinates: 54°17′06″N 0°26′31″W / 54.285°N 0.442°W / 54.285; -0.442
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Throxenby
Suburb
A small body of water with some low hills beyond
Throxenby Mere
Throxenby is located in North Yorkshire
Throxenby
Throxenby
Location within North Yorkshire
OS grid referenceTA 014890
Civil parish
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townSCARBOROUGH
Postcode districtYO12
PoliceNorth Yorkshire
FireNorth Yorkshire
AmbulanceYorkshire
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Yorkshire
54°17′06″N 0°26′31″W / 54.285°N 0.442°W / 54.285; -0.442

Throxenby is a suburb of Scarborough, in North Yorkshire, England. Historically the settlement of Throxenby was a hamlet, separated from Scarborough by countryside.

History

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Throxenby is not mentioned in the Domesday Book, and is first recorded as T'Stanebi in 1167. The name derives from a personal name and means Thorstan's Farm.[1] Throxenby was a township covering a large area in 1859, (some 400 acres (160 ha)), but was also listed as a hamlet 2 miles (3.2 km) north-west of Scarborough.[2] Post the Conquest, the land that formed the eventual Scalby Parish belonged to the crown, but was donated by Henry III to his son Edmund in 1257. However, in 1276, William de Morers gave his land at Throxenby and the manor to Henry de Percy.[3]

Lady Edith's Drive was built to connect the main road at Scalby with Throxenby Mere by the 1st Earl of Londesborough, who named it after his wife.[4] Whilst the Londesborough family were the principal landowners in the area, the lord or lady of the manor is given to those who hold the title of the Duchy of Lancaster, which is the ruling monarch of the time as the estates belong to the crown.[5] It has been suggested by archaeological surveys that the settlement in Medieval times never had an official manor house or church, and that it was populated by tenant farmers, with houses strung out along Throxenby Lane.[6] However, in 1660, Christopher Keld of Newby built a manorial house, which was again replaced. and became known as Throxenby Hall.[7]

c. 1831–1832, a military barracks was built in the township, around the same time that Burniston Barracks were built.[8][9] In 1946, North Riding County Council (later North Yorkshire County Council from 1974), acquired Throxenby Hall and turned it into a home for boys from across the county. The home was closed in 1991, and was later converted into flats.[10]

In 2004, a new St Catherine's Hospice as opened in Throxenby, having previously being located on Scalby Road.[11][12]

Within the area formerly covered by Throxenby parish, is the deserted Medieval village of Hatterboard (at TA017887).[13]

Governance

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Historically, Throxenby and the surrounding area was part of the wapentake of Pickering Lythe.[14]

Population of Throxenby parish 1801–1901
1801 1811 1821 1831 1841 1851 1861 1871 1881 1890 1891 1901
48[15] 58[15] 66[15] 54[15] 71[15] 57[15] 45[15] 130[15] 128[15] 202[16] 225[15] 253[15]

In 1831, Throxenby was a township in parish of Scalby, in 1866 Throxenby became a separate civil parish, in 1894, it was partnered with Newby in that civil parish.[17] In 1901 the parish had a population of 253. On 1 April 1909, the parish of Newby was subsumed into the neighbouring Scalby civil parish.[18] It is now in the Newby and Scalby civil parish, and is represented at Westminster as part of the Scarborough and Whitby Constituency.[19]

Throxenby Mere

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Throxenby Mere is a body of water to the west of the village immediately below Raincliff Woods and Irton Moor. Early maps do not show a body of water, though the ground being a natural hollow, it is thought to have been quite marshy and prone to flooding.[20] The mere was dammed in the 19th century, and the outflow now runs along the southern edge of Lady Edith's Drive in the area.[21] The mere is designated as a mesotrophic lake, and covers an area of 4.3 acres (1.76 ha).[22] Wildlife observed on the mere includes mallards, tufted ducks and smews.[23]

References

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  1. ^ Smith, A. H. (1979) [1928]. The Place Names of the North Riding of Yorkshire. English Place Name Society. p. 110. OCLC 19714705.
  2. ^ Whellan, T (1859). History and Topography of the City of York and the North Riding of Yorkshire. Beverley: Whellan. p. 918. OCLC 504050072.
  3. ^ Dennison 2002, p. 7.
  4. ^ Pearson, Trevor (2018). "An Archaeological Survey of Forge Valley, Raincliffe and Row Brow Woods Scarborough North Yorkshire" (PDF). sahs.org.uk. p. 33. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  5. ^ Kelly's Directory of N & E Ridings of Yorkshire, 1893. [Part 1: Places]. London: Kelly & Co. 1893. p. 255. OCLC 1131686665.
  6. ^ Dennison 2002, p. 8.
  7. ^ "Genuki: SCALBY: Geographical and Historical information from the year 1890., Yorkshire (North Riding)". www.genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  8. ^ Page 1968, p. 478.
  9. ^ "Military Command and Control Organisation Volume 5 Appendices". historicengland.org.uk. p. 77. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  10. ^ Gavaghan, Carl (2 July 2015). "Three held over '30 years of abuse' at Scarborough boys' home". The Yorkshire Post. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  11. ^ "Work starts on hospice replacement". The Northern Echo. 14 January 2003. p. 6. ISSN 2043-0442.
  12. ^ "Hospice chief stepping down". infoweb.newsbank.com. 16 October 2004. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  13. ^ Beresford, Maurice; Hurst, John G., eds. (1971). Deserted medieval villages: studies;. London: Lutterworth Press. p. 210. ISBN 0718813731.
  14. ^ Parliamentary Papers Poor Law Unions volume 49, part II. London: HMSO. 1862. p. 549. OCLC 145367615.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Page, William, ed. (1907). The Victoria history of the county of York. vol 3. London: Constable & Co. p. 520. OCLC 500092527.
  16. ^ "Genuki: SCALBY: Geographical and Historical information from the year 1890., Yorkshire (North Riding)". www.genuki.org.uk. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  17. ^ Page 1968, pp. 476–477.
  18. ^ "Throxenby Tn/CP". visionofbritain.org.uk. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  19. ^ "Election Maps". www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
  20. ^ Pearson, Trevor (2018). "An Archaeological Survey of Forge Valley, Raincliffe and Row Brow Woods Scarborough North Yorkshire" (PDF). sahs.org.uk. p. 31. Retrieved 8 January 2023.
  21. ^ Rimington 1961, p. 7.
  22. ^ "Scarborough Biodiversity Action Plan" (PDF). scarborough.gov.uk. p. 42. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  23. ^ Robinson, Maureen (1 February 2018). "Rare visitor is spotted at Throxenby". The Scarborough News. No. 05–2018. p. 41. ISSN 0250-5150.

Sources

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  • Dennison, Ed (2002). "High Farm Throxenby, Scarborough Additional Archaeological Assessment". Archaeological Series (154). Ed Dennison Archaeological Services Ltd. doi:10.5284/1037278.
  • Page, William (1968). The Victoria history of the county of York, North Riding. London: Dawsons of Pall Mall for the University of London Institute of Historical Research. ISBN 0712903100.
  • Rimington, F. C. (1961). "The Deserted Medieval Village of Hatterboard near Scarborough". Transactions of the Scarborough and District Archaeological Society (Report 2). Scarborough: Scarborough Archaeological and Historical Society. ISSN 1474-1229. OCLC 2324885.
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